5. The Seven Arts
Grammar
Rhetoric
Logic/dialectic
Arithmetic
Geometry
Music
Astronomy/astrology
Hortus Deliciarum,
12th C.
6. The Seven Arts
Grammar, rhetoric,
logic/dialectic,
arithmetic,
geometry, music,
and
astronomy/astrology
Al-
Ghazālī
11th
century
Persia
Hortus Deliciarum,
12th C.
9. In the Encyclopédie,
Diderot and
d’Alembert started
from Memory,
Reason and
Imagination (three IB
Ways of Knowing!)
10. S T Coleridge
Pure Sciences
Mixed and applied
sciences
Biographical and
histrorical
Miscellaneous and
lexographical
11. The IB Classification
mathematics
natural sciences
human sciences
history
the arts
ethics
religious knowledge systems
indigenous knowledge
systems.
12. What are the distinctive features of an area of
Knowledge? (The knowledge framework)
1. Scope and application
2. Concepts/Language
3. Methodology
4. Historical development
5. Links to personal knowledge
13. Some questions for discussion
1. What are the implications of claiming that the division of knowledge into disciplines and the
division of the world into countries on a map are both artificial? (adapted from an old ToK
essay title )
2. Do all areas of knowledge use the same kind of language? And what are the consequences of
your answer? Consider this: «The vocabulary we have does more than communicate our
knowledge; it shapes what we can know». (apparently a quotation from Aristotle used in a
recent essay title)
3. To what extent are the various areas of knowledge defined by their methodologies rather
than their content? (Recent essay title)
4. To what extent has knowledge in the AoK changed over time? What might it take to convince
a person to discard and replace knowledge? (Gist of 2014 essay title)
5. What are the implications of this famous quotation? «Every man gets a narrower and
narrower field of knowledge in which he must be an expert in order to compete with other
people. The specialist knows more and more about less and less» (Konrad Lorenz)