1. DOG
ANATOMY

2. Unlike humans, dogs lack of collarbones, the front legs are joined to the
trunk only by means of the muscles, which gives the dog a great freedom
of movements. All species have 30 vertebrae real, to which are added the
vertebrae of the tail, whose number varies from one race to another. Has 7
cervical (neck), 13 thoracic (back) that are linked to the ribs, and 7 lumbar
(kidneys).

3. The bones that make up the skull are the same in all the races, the
form varies from one race to others and are classified in three
different morphologies.
-DOLICOCÉFALO: narrow and elongated (Afghans, Borzois)
-BRAQUICÉFALO: flattened (Bulldog, Boxer)
- MESOCÉFALO: between the two extremes

4. The way in which fit the upper teeth with the lower levels, is
determined by the length of the lower jaw. The type of bite can
vary greatly between races and is clearly specified in the
standards of the same. There are four types of bite:
- SCISSORS: the upper teeth fit perfectly on the bottom.
- PROGNÁTICA: the lower teeth are developed countries with
regard to the superiors.
- PROTRUSA: the lower teeth are behind the superiors.

5. The adult dogs have a total of 42 pieces. Cut with the
incisors, canines serve him for tearing and tear and the molars
to break and crush. There are also some special teeth, very
strong that are called "butchers", allowing them to chewing
hard materials.

6. The dogs often move in four ways:
-To step
- to trot
-Medium gallop
- Gallop each race is characterized by a particular form
of marching to the step. The big dogs and powerful
step marching with long and majestic, contrary to the
giblets and live that dan glitches.

7. SKIN AND COAT CONDITION
tend to reflect the state of health and the physical form of a
dog and the poor appearance of the layer is typically a
symptom of any disease. The layer will vary greatly
depending on a race, even a copy to another. There are
even races that do not have hair like the Xoloitzcuitle, due
to a genetic mutation of selective breeding.

8. The dog pant to combat the heat, the sweat is glangulas
concentan on the pads and ear canal. The tones of the coat
and the way they blend together, have diversified greatly in
the development of the races. Some examples:
-Blue Blackbird: bluish gray interspersed with black.
- Straw: blond or light beige.
- Tri-color: there are three tones, normally black, white, and
fire.

9. VISTA
even though the vision of a dog is more sensitive to motion
and the light that the our, perceive the contours with less
sharpness, presents a somewhat more crushed, what
prevents him adjust the focal length with such precision. In
the back of the eye have a reflective layer called tapestry or
tapetum, which makes when they have light from the front
it seems to be conspicuous.

10. EAR
The middle ear of a dog is very good, can detect the sound in
six hundredths of a second and some even use the
musculature of the ears to the channeling of the
sound, reaching even to hear up to four times more
distance than we do. The hearing apparatus is divided into
four parts: ear, ear canal, middle ear and inner ear, one of
the most modified parts of the body in the selective
breeding has been the ears.

11. SMELL
The smell you have a very developed, it is believed that exceeds
at least a million times to our own. This is one of the reasons why
they are used both dogs to detect odors, from drugs hidden, a
missing person, a truffle buried, land mines, explosives, the
traces of animals or a tumor in the human body.

12. TASTE
The dogs have a special organ (vomeronasal) allowing them to
savor certain odors. It is used especially to capture fragrances
endowed with social meaning and particularly sexual. Normally
when you use this body, its teeth castaneas gently and he may drop
a yarn of baba if neighs and sipping at the same time a scent. The
dogs are able to taste bitter, sweet, acid and salty.