The document discusses human population growth trends globally and by region. Some key points: - World population is projected to reach 10 billion by 2080 and stabilize. Growth is higher in LEDCs. - Africa's population is growing the fastest, while Europe's is growing the slowest and may decline without immigration. - China and India together account for over one-third of the world's population. - Population growth depends on birth, death, immigration, and emigration rates. LEDCs have higher birth rates than MEDCs. - Pakistan has a rapidly growing population, and is projected to become the 5th most populous country by 2050.

4. Human Population Growth

5. Human Population Growth

6. The extent of population growth:
• World population should reach 10 billion by 2080 and then
remain fairly stable.
• Population growth is much higher in LEDCs than MEDCs.
WORLD POPULATION GROWTH (1750-2050)
World Population Growth

7. Continental population
growth:
• The continent with the fastest
rate of growth is Africa.
• Europe has the slowest rate of
growth. Without immigration
from other continents the
population would be falling.
Division of world
population:
• China and India together
account for more than one-
third of the world’s population.
159Pakistan.6
144Russia.7
141Bangladesh.8
137Nigeria.9
POPULATION
(MILLIONS – 106
)
COUNTRY.RANK.
128Japan.10
179Brazil.5
219Indonesia.4
294United States.3
1,087India.2
1,300China.1
POPULATION SIZE BY RANK AND COUNTRY
(2004)
The table above shows the
contrasting sizes of population
by country in 2004.
World Population Growth

8. THE POPULATION GROWTH
Natural increase: where the birth rate
is the higher is known as natural increase
of population. (growth of population as a
result of births and deaths)
Birth Rate - Death Rate = Natural
Increase
 Natural decrease: where the death
rate is the higher is known as natural
decrease.

9. Factors affecting Population
Growth Rates
Population growth depends on rates of birth, death,
immigration, and emigration.
(birth rate + immigration rate)
– (death rate + emigration rate)
= population growth rate

10. THE POPULATION GROWTH
 Birth rate: Birth rate describes the average
number of live births in a year for every 1000
people per year.

 Death rate: Death rate describes the average
number of deaths per 1000 people in the
population per year.
Immigration- movement of individuals into a
population
. Emigration- movement of individuals out of a
population

11. 24
11
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
LEDCs MEDCs
Per1000Population
BIRTH RATE 2004
Population Change

12. Population growth today
The increase of the world population
Every second, on average, four babies are born.
Every second, on average, two people die.
Every second, on average, the population increased by
two people.
Two more people per second means 200 000 more
people per day, and 75 million more people per year. In
other words, the world population – 6,5 billion in 2005 –
is growing by 1,2 percent each year.
At this 1,2 % annual growth rate, the population
doubles evrey 60 years. If the number of people on
Earth carried on increasing at this speed, the 6,5 billion
in 2005 would become 13 billion in 2065, 26 billion in
2125 ans so on.
But the population does not grow at the same speed
indefinitely. On the contrary, the United Nations predict
that the world population will level off at around 9
billion people before the end of the century.
Why is that ?

13. o The demographic transition model below shows how
populations change over time. All countries started at Stage 1.
• The UK and other MEDCs are mainly in Stage 4 of the model.
Demographic transition
(population change
One of the most important social changes in the history of
humankind is called “Demographic Transition
Time
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
Natural
increase
Birth rate
Death rate

15.  Pakistan is sixth most populous
country in the world with an
estimated population of 184.35
million in 2012-2013. The
growth rate of population
during 2012-2013 is 2.0
percent. Under current
circumstances, it is expected
that Pakistan will attain fifth
position in the world in terms
of total population in 2050.

16. Migration
 Movement of people
from one area to
another.
Types of migration
 In-migration: people
arriving in the area
from other places.
(Immigrants)
 Out-migration: People
leaving the area to go to
other areas. (emigrants)
 Migration can be internal,
within a country such as
rural to urban.

17. Internal or local mIgratIon
Rural to urban migration
Urban to rural migration
Urban to urban migration
Rural to rural migration

18. Population density:
• This is the number of people
per square kilometre.
Densely populated.
• Many people live in some parts
of the world. These areas are
densely populated.
Sparsely populated.
• Few people live in other parts
of the world. These areas are
sparsely populated.
Population Distribution & Density

19. FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION AND
DENSITY OF POPULATION
 Physical factors such as relief, climate,
vegetation, soil, natural resources, water supply.
 Social factors such as the proportion of urban to
rural population, better housing opportunities,
education, health facilities and entertainment.
 Economic factors such as the resources, amount
of industrialization, transportation and
development of tourism.
 Political factors such as government policy on
birth control.

20. Classification of density
1. Thinly populated region (10
persons or less per square kilometre) :
This includes a large area of southwestern
Balochistan and the Marri-Bagti Hills.
The area is covered with hills, plateau,
mountains and desert(kharan).

21. 2.Moderately populated region(11
to 50 persons per square km)
 The Nihing-Dasht river valley of southern balochistan, the
porali river valley of southeastern balochistan and central
and northern balochistan, Chitral district in the northern
part of Pakistan belongs to this region.

22. 3.Densely populated region
(51 to 100 persons)
 On the west it comprises Dadu District of Sindh; karak,
kohat and hangu districts of khber Pakhtunkhwa, kurram
agency and part of potwar plateau.
 Thar-Cholistan desert belongs to this region.

23. 4. Very densely populated region
(101 to 200 persons per square km)
 The Indus valley, extending from Sindh and Punjab,
including the chaj doab.
Bannu valley, sutlej river valley and a large
area of khyber Pakhtunkhwa comprising the
swat valley, belongs to this region.

24. 5. Most densely populated region
(more than 200 persons per square km)
Two most densely populated regions
1. North-eastern Punjab comprising the
Chaj, Rechna and Bari doabs.
heavy immigration takes place.
2. Rawalpindi district northward into a
fairly large area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

25. Distribution of population: Describes
the way in which people are spread out
across the world. This distribution is
uneven and changes over periods of
time.

26. Population Distribution

27. OCCUPATIONAL GROPUPS
YEAR PRIMARY
OCCUPATION
(AGRICULTURE,
FORESTRY,
MINING)
SECONDRY
OCCUPATION
(MANUFACTURI
NG)
TERTIARY
( ALL
ACTIVITIES
OTHER THAN
PRIMARY AND
SECONDRY
1951 65.3 11.6 23.1
1961 59.3 20.2 20.5
1973 57.6 15.3 27.1
1981 52.7 14.1 33.2
2000 48.4 11.6 40
2007 43.6 24.7 31.7
2010-2011 48.1 13.6 38.3

29. Population Data in PakistanPopulation Data in Pakistan
2011 2012 2013
Total Population (Million) 177.1 180.71 184.35
Urban Population (Million) 65.3 67.55 69.87
Rural Population (Million) 111.8 113.16 114.48
TFR 3.5 3.4 3.3
Crude Birth Rate (per
thousand)
27.50 27.20 26.80
Crude Death Rate (per
thousand)
7.30 7.20 7.00
Population Growth Rate 2.05 2.03 2.00
Life Expectancy Year
Male 65.8 66.1 66.50
Female 63.9 64.3 64.6

33. Population comparison between 1998 & 2030Population comparison between 1998 & 2030

34. CAUSES OF OVER POPULATION
Reasons for High Birth rate:
High birth rate due to lack of
education
Lack of medical facilities
Agricultural family needs more
children to support the agricultural
field.
Children are considered to be sign of
virility and religious belief

36. Transportation Systems
suffer from overpopulation

37. Competition / Survival of the Fittest
Living space and food are
limited, only the strong
will survive to reproduce.

38. Deforestation

39. Effects of Urbanization

40. Famine

41. More People = More Energy =
MORE POLUTION

42. Overpopulation causes environmental
problems like garbage. Or a source of
food for the poor.

43. Drastic overpopulation causes
economic problems and
creates slums

45. “ CONTROLLEDPOPULATION
GROWTHISADRIVEN FORCE
FORECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT. BUT, IFITIS
UNCONTROLLEDITWILLBEA
DISASTER!!!”