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Introduction to html
- 2. Introduction to HTML • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language • Language interpreted by a web browser • Web-pages are also called HTML Documents. • It defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 3. Features of HTML • Create a Web page using tags. • Use graphics and display text in different fonts, sizes, and color. • Enhance the presentation of the document using HTML elements. • Create hyperlinks to navigate to different documents present on the Web. • Display data in a tabular format. • Create multiple windows in a Web page to display information from multiple sources in different windows www.eshikshak.co.in
- 4. HTML tags • A command inserted in a document that specifies how the document, or a portion of the document, should be formatted. • HTML tags begin with an open angle bracket (<) and end with a close angle bracket (>). • HTML tags are of two types – Paired Tags – Singular Tags www.eshikshak.co.in
- 5. HTML attributes • A language construct that programmers use to add additional information (i.e., metadata) to code elements (e.g., assemblies, modules, members, types, return values, and parameters) to extend their functionality. • Attributes are written immediately following the tag • Multiple attributes can be associated www.eshikshak.co.in
- 6. Types of HTML tag – Paired tag • A tag is said to be a paired tag if the text is placed between a tag and its companion tag. • In paired tags, the first tag is referred to as Opening Tag and the second tag is referred to as Closing Tag. – Example: <i>This text is in italics. </i> – Note: Here, • <i> is called opening tag • </i> is called closing tag. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 7. Types of HTML tag – Singular tag • A standalone tag does not have a companinon tag. – Example: <BR /> - This tag will insert a line break – This tag does not require any companion tag. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 8. The structure of HTML document <html> This page is written in HTML <head> Head tag contians information <title> about web page Title of the web page title tag contains </title> title of a web page </head> body tag contains contents of <body> web page Content of the Page <address> Your address </address> This is the footer of the web page </body> </html> www.eshikshak.co.in
- 9. The structure of HTML document • The basic structure for all HTML documents is simple and should include the following minimum elements or tags: – <html> : The main container for HTML pages – <head> : The container for page header information – <title> : The title of the page – <body> : The main body of the page www.eshikshak.co.in
- 10. DOCTYPE • The HTML !doctype tag is used for specifying which version of HTML the document is using. This is referred to as the document type declaration (DTD). • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN“ "http://www.w3. org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> www.eshikshak.co.in
- 11. The <html> Element • The <html> element is the containing element for the whole HTML document. Each HTML document should have one <html> and each document should end with a closing </html> tag. • Following two elements appear as direct children of an <html> element: – <head> – <body> www.eshikshak.co.in
- 12. The <head> Element • The <head> element is just a container for all other header elements. • It should be the first thing to appear after the opening <html> tag. • Each <head> element should contain a <title> element indicating the title of the document www.eshikshak.co.in
- 13. The <head> Element • The <title> tag is used to give title to the document. • The <link> tag is used to link to an external file, such as a style sheet or JavaScript file. • The <style> tag is used to include CSS rules inside the document. • The <script> tag is used to include JAVAScript or VBScript inside the document. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 14. The <head> Element • The <base> tag is used to create a "base" url for all links on the page. • The <object> tag is designed to include images, JavaScript objects, Flash animations, MP3 files, QuickTime movies and other components of a page. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 15. The <title> Element: • To specify a title for every page that you write inside the <title> element. • This element is a child of the <head> element. • It is used in several ways: – It displays at the very top of a browser window. – It is used as the default name for a bookmark in browsers such as IE and Netscape. – Its is used by search engines that use its content to help index pages. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 16. The <title> Element: • Here is the example of using title tag. <html> <head> <title>Welcome to MyWebsite</title> </head> </html> www.eshikshak.co.in
- 17. The <body> Element: • The <body> element appears after the <head> element. • It contains the part of the Web page that you actually see in the main browser window. • A <body> element may contain anything from a couple of paragraphs under a heading to more complicated layouts containing forms and tables. www.eshikshak.co.in
- 18. The <body> Element: • Here is the example of using body tag. <html> <head> <title>Welcome to MyWebsite</title> </head> <body> You are welcome to MyWebsite. </body> </html> www.eshikshak.co.in