Contenu connexe Similaire à Unit- 6. Gathering performance information (20) Plus de Preeti Bhaskar (20) Unit- 6. Gathering performance information1. Herman Aguinis, University of Colorado at
GATHERING PERFORMANCE
INFORMATION
Prof. Preeti Bhaskar
Symbiosis Centre for Management Studies, NOIDA
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2. Herman Aguinis, University of Colorado at
Learning includes-:
• 6.1 Understand the need to include each of several basic components in the
appraisal form.
• 6.2 Design effective appraisal forms.
• 6.3 Compute an overall employee performance score based on information
found on the appraisal form.
• 6.4 Select an appropriate time period to document performance as part of a
performance review.
• 6.5 Determine the number of formal meetings needed between the
subordinate and supervisor to discuss performance issues.
• 6.6 Understand advantages and disadvantages of using supervisors, peers,
subordinates, self, and customers as sources of performance information.
• 6.7 Know how to deal with potential disagreements involved with different
sources evaluating the performance of the same employee.
• 6.8 Understand the psychological mechanisms leading to the inflation and
deflation of performance ratings.
• 6.9 Understand that the implementation of training programs can address
intentional and unintentional rating distortion.
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Major Components of Appraisal Forms
• Basic Employee Information
• Accountabilities, Objectives, and Standards
• Competencies and Indicators
• Major Achievements and Contributions
• Stakeholder Input
• Employee Comments
• Signatures
• Developmental Achievements
• Developmental Needs ,Plans &Goals
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Desirable Features for All Appraisal Forms
Simplicity Relevancy Descriptiveness
Adaptability Comprehensiveness Definitional Clarity
Communication Time Orientation
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Appraisal period
Number of Meetings
• Annual
• Semi-annual
• Quarterly
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6 Types of Formal Meetings
(can be combined)
System Inauguration
(Identification of roles and responsibilities b/w subordinate and manager)
Self-Appraisal
Classical Performance Review
Merit/Salary Review
Development Plan
Objective Setting
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Who Should Provide Performance
Information?
Employees should be involved in selecting
• Which sources of evaluation?
• Which performance dimensions have highest
weightage ?
When employees are actively involved
• Higher acceptance of results
• Perception that system is fair
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Who Should Provide Performance
Information?
Direct knowledge of employee performance
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Supervisors Peers Subordinates Self Customers
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Supervisors
• Advantages
– Best position to evaluate performance vs.
strategic goals
– Make decisions about rewards
• Disadvantages
– Supervisor may not be able to directly
observe performance
– Evaluations may be biased
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Peers
• Advantages
– Assess teamwork
• Disadvantages
– Possible friendship bias
– May be less discriminating
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Subordinates
• Advantages
– Accurate when used for developmental
purposes
– Good position to assess some
competencies
• Disadvantages
– Inflated when used for administrative
purposes
– May fear retaliation (confidentiality is key)
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Self
• Advantages
– Increased acceptance of decisions
– Decreased defensiveness during appraisal
interview
– Good position to track activities during
review period
• Disadvantages
– May be more lenient and biased
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Customers (external and internal)
• Advantages
– Employees become more focused on
meeting customer expectations
• Disadvantages
– Time
– Money
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Types of Rating Errors
• Intentional errors
– Rating inflation
– Rating deflation
• Unintentional errors
– Due to complexity of task
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Rating behavior are influenced by -:
• Motivation to provide accurate ratings.
• Motivation to distort ratings.
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• What will the supervisor gain if ratings are accurate?
• What he will loose ?
• Will his own performance be rated higher and will he receive any
reward if this happen?
• Will the relationship with his or her subordinates suffer ?
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Motivations for Rating Inflation
• Maximize merit raise/rewards
• Encourage employees
• Avoid creating written record
• Avoid confrontation with employees
• Promote undesired employees out of unit
• Make manager look good to his/her
supervisor
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Motivations for Rating Deflation
• Shock employees
• Teach a lesson
• Send a message to employee
• Build a written record of poor
performance
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Prevent Rating Distortion through
Rater Training Programs
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Rater Training Programs should cover:
• Information how the system works
• Motivation-What’s in it for me?
• Identifying, observing, recording and
evaluating performance
• How to interact with employees when
they receive performance information
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Information - how the system works
• Reasons for implementing the
performance management system
• Information on the appraisal form and
system mechanics
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Identifying, observing, recording, and
evaluating performance
• How to identify and rank job activities
• How to observe, record, measure
performance
• How to minimize rating errors
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How to interact with employees
when they receive performance information
• How to conduct an appraisal interview
• How to train, counsel, and coach
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Strategies used to obtain Overall
Rating
Judgmental
strategy
Mechanical
strategy
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Strategies used to obtain Overall
Rating
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• Judgmental strategy
o Consider every aspect of performance
o Arrive at defensible summary
• Mechanical strategy
o Consider scores assigned to each section
o Add weighted scores to obtain overall score