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Intelligent Applications for Web
               Priti Srinivas Sajja
             Associate Professor
       Department of Computer Science
           Sardar Patel University




       Visit   priti sajja.info for detail




               Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja   1
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    • Name: Dr. Priti             Srinivas Sajja
Bio-inspired        • Communication:
                        • Email : priti_sajja@yahoo.com
Web                     • Mobile : +91 9824926020
                        • URL :http://pritisajja.info
Web Intelligence
                    • Academic qualifications : Ph. D in Computer Science
Searching and
Retrieval           • Thesis title: Knowledge-Based Systems for Socio-
Knowledge           •                 Economic Development (2000)
Management on Web
                    • Subject area of specialization : Artificial Intelligence
Web Mining
                    • Publications : 109 in Books, Book Chapters, Journals and
Agent Based            in Proceedings of International and National Conferences
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                  2
                                 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

 Artificial
Introduction        Natural Intelligence
Intelligence
                    • Responds to situations flexibly.
Bio-inspired        • Makes sense of ambiguous or erroneous messages.
                    • Assigns relative importance to elements of a situation.
                    • Finds similarities even though the situations might be
Web                   different.
                    • Draws distinctions between situations even though there may
Web Intelligence      be many similarities between them.

Searching and
Retrieval           Artificial Intelligence
Knowledge
                    • According to Rich & Knight (1991) “AI is the study of how to make
Management on Web     computers do things, at which, at the moment, people are
                      better”.
Web Mining
                    • A machine is regarded as intelligent if it exhibits human
Agent Based           characteristics generated through natural intelligence.
Web
                    • AI is the study of human thought processes and moving toward
                      problem solving in a symbolic and non-algorithmic way.
Acknowledgement
                                                                                          3
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

 Artificial
Introduction
Intelligence

Bio-inspired

Web

Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval
                    “Artificial Intelligence(AI) is the study of how
Knowledge
                      to make computers do things at which,
Management on Web        at the moment, people are better”
Web Mining
                                                    •     Elaine Rich, Artificial Intelligence,
Agent Based                                                    McGraw Hill Publications, 1986
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                  4
                             Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

 Artificial
Introduction
Intelligence          human thought process                      heuristic methods
Bio-inspired          where people are better                        non-algorithmic

Web
                    characteristics we                           knowledge using
                    associate with intelligence                  symbols
Web Intelligence
                                   Constituents of artificial intelligence
Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web
                          Acceptable solution       Extreme solution, either best or
Web Mining
                          in acceptable time        worst taking  (infinite) time

Agent Based                                                               time
Web
                                      Nature of AI solutions
Acknowledgement
                                                                                       5
                               Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
AI Tests
Intelligence        Testing Intelligence                              Turing test will fail to test
                                                                       for intelligence in two
                                                                       circumstances;
Bio-inspired
                                                                    1. A machine may well be
                                              Can you tell             intelligent without
Web                                           me what is
                                             222222*67344
                                                   ?
                                                                       being able to chat
                                                                       exactly like a human; and;
Web Intelligence                                      Why
                                                      Sir?
                                                              2. The test fails to capture
Searching and                                                    the general properties of
Retrieval                                                        intelligence, such as the
                                                                 ability to solve difficult
Knowledge
                     The Boss could not judge who was replying, problems or come up with
Management on Web
                     thus the machine is as intelligent as the original insights. If a
                     secretary.
Web Mining                                                       machine can solve a
                                                                       difficult problem that
Agent Based                    The Turing test
                                                                       no person could solve,
Web
                                                                       it would, in principle, fail
Acknowledgement                                                        the test.
                                                                                                      6
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Can you find any test to check the given system is intelligent or not?
AI Tests
Intelligence
                                                                                  Walks,
Bio-inspired                                            Makes and             perceives, tests,
                                                      understands joke          smells, and
                                                                                 feels like
Web                                                                               human
                             Reacts
                           differently
Web Intelligence
                                                                Solves your
Searching and                                                    problem
                                                                                    If it talks
Retrieval                                                                         like human
Knowledge
Management on Web

Web Mining
                                                                                Translates,
Agent Based
                     conceptually form a test                                  summarizes,
Web                  and use it in different situation                          and learns
                     before accepting it.
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                  7
                                         Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Rich & Knight (1991) classified and described the different areas that
Applications
Intelligence        Artificial Intelligence techniques have been applied to as follows:

Bio-inspired

Web                 Mundane Tasks                                         Expert Tasks
                    •   Perception - vision and                           • Engineering - design, fault
Web Intelligence        speech                                              finding, manufacturing
                    •   Natural language                                    planning, etc.
Searching and           understanding, generation,                        • Scientific analysis
Retrieval               and translation
                                                                          • Medical diagnosis
                    •   Commonsense reasoning
Knowledge                                                                 • Financial analysis
Management on Web   •   Robot control                Formal Tasks
                                                     • Games - chess,
Web Mining                                             backgammon, checkers, etc.
                                                     • Mathematics- geometry,
Agent Based                                            logic, integral calculus,
Web                                                    theorem proving, etc.

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                          8
                                       Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Data Pyramid
Intelligence
                                                                      IS
Bio-inspired
                    Strategy makers apply morals,
                                                                    WBS      Wisdom (experience)
                    principles, and experience to generate
Web                 policies

                    Higher management generates                                Knowledge (synthesis)
                                                                   KBS
                    knowledge by synthesizing
Web Intelligence    information

                    Middle management uses reports/info.         DSS, MIS       Information (analysis)
Searching and       generated though analysis and acts
                    accordingly
Retrieval
                                                                    TPS              Data (processing of raw observations )
Knowledge           Basic transactions by operational
Management on Web   staff using data processing


Web Mining                                              Volume               Sophistication
                                                                             and complexity
Agent Based
Web                                                          Data pyramid

Acknowledgement
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                                           Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Knowledge
Artificial
Based systems
Intelligence                                   Knowledge         Inference
                                                 base              engine
                             Explanation                                       Self-
Bio-inspired
                                 and                                         learning
                              reasoning             User interface
Web

Web Intelligence

Searching and                              General structure of KBS
Retrieval
Knowledge           According to the classifications by Tuthhill & Levy (1991), five main types
Management on Web      of KBS exists:
                             Expert systems
Web Mining
                             Linked Systems
Agent Based                  CASE based Systems
Web                          Intelligent Tutoring Systems
                             Intelligent User Interface for Database
Acknowledgement
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                                       Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Knowledge
Artificial
Based systems
Intelligence
                                                          Experience
                                         Experts
Bio-inspired
                                                      Sources of          Satellite
Web                                                                    Broadcasting
                                                                       (Internet, TV,
                               Printed                knowledge          and Radio)
                               Media
Web Intelligence
                    Types of Knowledge
Searching and
                    • Tacit knowledge
Retrieval
                    • Explicit knowledge
Knowledge
Management on Web   • Commonsense knowledge
                    • Informed commonsense knowledge
Web Mining
                    • Heuristic knowledge
Agent Based         • Domain knowledge
Web
                    • Meta knowledge
Acknowledgement
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                             Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Pros and Cons          Intelligence, explanation and reasoning
Intelligence
                       Partial self learning, uncertainty handling
Bio-inspired           Documentation of knowledge
Web
                       Proactive problem solving
                       Cost effectiveness
Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval                                                Nature of knowledge
Knowledge                                         Large volume of knowledge
Management on Web
                                            Knowledge acquisition techniques
Web Mining                         Little support to engineer AI based systems
Agent Based                                Shelf life of knowledge and system
Web                                                        Development Effort
Acknowledgement
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                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        Bio-Inspired Computing
Bio-inspired
Bio-inspired         New approaches to AI
                     Taking inspiration form nature and biological systems
Web                  Includes models such as
                         Artificial Neural Network (ANN),
Web Intelligence         Genetic Algorithm(GA),
Searching and            Swarm Intelligence(SI), etc.
Retrieval            Nature has virtues of self learning, evolution,
Knowledge             emergence and immunity
Management on Web
                     The objective of bio-inspired models and techniques to
Web Mining            take inspiration from Mother Nature and solve
Agent Based
                      problems in more effective and intelligent way
Web

Acknowledgement
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                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Bio-inspired
Bio-inspired           An artificial neural network (ANN) is connectionist model of
                        programming using computers.
Web                    An ANN attempts to give computers humanlike abilities by
                        mimicking the human brain’s functionality.
Web Intelligence       The human brain consists of a network of more than a hundred
                        billions interconnected neurons working in a parallel fashion.
Searching and
Retrieval                                                                      W1
                                                                        X1
Knowledge
Management on Web                                                   X2     W2            XiWi      y
                                                                      … ….
                                                                            W
Web Mining
                                                                               n
                                                                        Xn
Agent Based
Web                           A biological neuron                            An artificial neuron


Acknowledgement
                                                                                                        14
                                      Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    A Perceptron
Bio-inspired
Bio-inspired

Web

Web Intelligence    Multilayer Neural Network
Searching and             Input layer                    Hidden layers
Retrieval
                          X1                W12                          Output layer
Knowledge                 X2
Management on Web                                                               O0
                          X3            .            .              .
                          .                          .                          O1
Web Mining                              .                           .
                          .             .            .              .           ….
                          .             .            .              .           Om
Agent Based               .
Web
                          Xn
                                            W1h
Acknowledgement
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                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Genetic Algorithms (GA)
Intelligence
                    •    It mimics Nature’s evolutionary approach
Bio-inspired
Bio-inspired        •    The algorithm is based on the process of natural selection—
                         Charles Darwin’s “survival of the fittest.”
Web
                    •    GAs can be used in problem solving, function optimizing,
                         machine learning, and in innovative systems.
Web Intelligence        Start with initial population
                        by randomly selected                       Initial population
                        Individuals
Searching and
                        Modify
Retrieval               with                    Selection                 Crossover       Mutation
Knowledge               operations
Management on Web       Evaluate
                        fitness of new         Evaluating new individuals through fitness function
Web Mining              individuals

                        Update population with
Agent Based             better individuals and                   Modify the population
Web                     repeat

                                                              Genetic cycle
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                     16
                                             Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        Swarm Intelligence
Bio-inspired
Bio-inspired         Inspired by the collective behavior of social insect
                      colonies and other animal societies
Web                  Ant colony, fish school, bird flocking and honey comb
                      are the examples
Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web

Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                              17
                               Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Some more examples ….
Intelligence

Bio-inspired
Bio-inspired

Web

Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web

Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                  18
                                Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired

Web
Web

Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web

Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                        19
                      Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          • Internet can be defined as network of networks.
Intelligence
                    • The World Wide Web (WWW or Web) is a large scale
Bio-inspired
                      distributed hypermedia system on the internet
Web                   platform.
Web
                    • The WWW is based on the HTTP-protocol for data
Web Intelligence      transfer, HTML markup for content display on top of the
                      Internet infrastructure that uses different protocols and
Searching and
Retrieval             content description schemes.
Knowledge           • According to Hans-Georg Stork (2002), the Web is
Management on Web     experiencing two issues:
Web Mining             • Not able for “semantic” access and use problem
Agent Based            • Depends on the universality of physical access via
Web                        high-bandwidth local loops and broadband wireless
                           channels.
Acknowledgement
                                                                                  20
                                 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        • Semantic Web is an extension of the current Web in
Bio-inspired          which information is given well defined meaning by
                      associating metadata.                    (Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila,
Web
Web                   2001).

Web Intelligence    • Basic objective of a semantic web is “Making content
Searching and         machine-understandable”.
Retrieval
Knowledge           • The semantic web aims to allow Web entities (software
Management on Web     agents, users, and programs) for interoperating, dynamically
                      discovering and using resources, extracting knowledge, and
Web Mining
                      solving complex problems.
Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                   21
                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Challenges and limitations of the current Web
Intelligence             Lack of knowledge-based searches
Bio-inspired             Lack of effective techniques to access the Web in depth
                         Lack of mechanisms to deal with dynamic requirements of users
Web                      Lack of automatically constructed directories
Web                      Lack of multi-dimensional analysis and data mining support
 Web Intelligence   By employing the AI techniques for web functions, it is possible to
Intelligence
Searching and       partly impart intelligence in web-based business.
Retrieval
                                      AI Techniques                 Web Technology
Knowledge
Management on Web
                                                                •   Platform of Internet
                                 •   Knowledge representation   •   Protocols and standards
Web Mining                       •   Knowledge management       •   Browser
                                 •   Expert system              •   Search engine                 Web
                                 •   Heuristic functions        •   Semantic Web              Intelligence
Agent Based                      •   New AI methods             •   Other software
Web
                The Web Intelligence (WI) is considered as employment of AI techniques for
Acknowledgement the Web.
                                                                                                             22
                                        Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial              Semantic Web              Social               Search Engine     Web Knowledge
                       Search Engine          Intelligence             Techniques        Management
Intelligence           Ontology             Popular tools           Customized        Knowledge
                        management            and techniques           searches           management
Bio-inspired           Meta ontology        Social Network          Meta search        architecture for
                       Interoperability      Analysis                 engine             Web
                       Inference                                     Search engine     Security
                                                                       optimization
Web

Web
 Web Intelligence
Intelligence
Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web    Web Information            Web Mining             Web Agents       Human Computer
                         Retrieval            Web log mining                            Interaction/NLP
                                                                  Intelligent
Web Mining           Information             Web structure                            Personalized
                                                                   agents
                      retrieval and            mining                                     interface
                                                                  Multi agent
                      filtering               Web content                              Multi lingual
Agent Based                                                        systems
                     Performance              mining                                     interfaces
                                                                  Pattern
Web                   measures                Sensor Web                               Usability
                                                                   discovery
                     NLP                      mining

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                             23
                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          To implement a simple Web crawler following steps can
Intelligence        be performed.

Bio-inspired         1.    Start interaction with user and          seek keywords
                           and URL to start with
Web                  2.    Add the URL to list to search for
                     3.    Repeat while list is not empty
Web Intelligence     3.1   Consider the first URL and mark with appropriate flag
Searching and        3.2   If the protocol of the selected URL is not HTTP then
Searching                   break
Retrieval
Knowledge            3.3   Follow the robot.txt file (instructions), if any
Management on Web    3.4   Open the URL
                     3.5   If the URL is not an HTML file then break else add the
Web Mining
                            file into list of files found
Agent Based          3.6   Extract links by traversing the file
Web
                     3.7   Repeat this procedure for every link within the file
Acknowledgement
                                                                                    24
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired
                    Spider
                                                   Lists         Index   Processing      Storage
Web

Web Intelligence                                  Web crawler process
Searching and
Searching
Retrieval
                                                                         Simple Crawler
Knowledge                                                                Searching all pages
Management on Web
                    Focused Crawler
Web Mining          Searching relevant pages


Agent Based
                                                           Web
Web
                                           Scope of focused crawler
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                   25
                               Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Information Retrieval (IR) is a science of
Intelligence        •    information finding,
Bio-inspired        •    acquiring,
                    •    storing and
Web                 •    utilizing the information for problem solving.

Web Intelligence
                                                         The formal steps are given as follows:
Information
 Searching and                                           •      Indexing
Retrieval
 Retrieval                                               •      Query formulation
Knowledge                                                •      Matching query
Management on Web                                               representation
Web Mining                                               •      Relevance feedback and
                                                         •      interactive retrieval
Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                  26
                                     Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Models of Information Retrieval

Bio-inspired        1. Boolean Model - Boolean operators like AND, OR
                       and NOT are applied to retrieve content.
Web
                    2. Vector space model - represents the documents
                       and queries as vectors (defined by keywords) in a
Web Intelligence
                       space having more than one dimensions.
Information
 Searching and
Retrieval
 Retrieval          3. Probabilistic model - considers the retrieved
                       content according to some rank based on some
Knowledge
Management on Web      probability.

Web Mining          4. Latent semantic model - considers associations
                       among terms and documents to retrieve required
Agent Based            content.
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                           27
                               Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired        User               Terminology      Grammar          Lexicon               Token                  Web
                                                                                             Templates
                                Preprocessing        Tokenizer      Recognizer          Parser     Interpreter
Web
                                                                                                                  Web Search
                       Natural Query                                    Interpreted                                Request
Web Intelligence                                                           Query
                                             Dialog Processor                             Search Mechanism
Searching and
NLP for IR                                                            Filtered Result                            Search Result
                     Search Result
Retrieval
Knowledge                                                                       User Profile and
Management on Web                  Dialog               Context Model          Local information
                                 Analyzer and            and Domain
                                  Generator              Terminology
Web Mining

Agent Based                                                Generic NLP architecture
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                                             28
                                             Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        Research Trend in IR
Bio-inspired
                    • Heuristic filtering
Web
                    • Semantic Information
Web Intelligence
                    • Multimedia Data
Researchand
Searching Trend
RetrievalIR
      in            • Opinion Retrieval
Knowledge           • Information retrieval and translation
Management on Web
                    • Fuzzy Boolean model of information retrieval
Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                     29
                              Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence          The Web follows document-centric approach,
                     which lacks efficient representation and access of
Bio-inspired
                                                    the content on Web.
Web
                    Knowledge                                   Knowledge
Web Intelligence     Sources                         Use         Engineer

 Searching and
 Retrieval                 Discover             Knowledge    Document
Knowledge                                         Base
 Knowledge
Management Web
 Management on

                   Organizational                    Share      Standards,
Web Mining
                   Requirements                                Protocols, and
Agent Based                                                      Services
Web
                             Typical Knowledge Management Process
Acknowledgement
                                                                                30
                        Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired                                  Service           Crawler         Inference     Knowledge
                   Web
                                             Standards                         mechanism       Discovery

Web

                                             Metadata         Knowledge        Domain         Knowledge
Web Intelligence                                              repository       Ontology       Processing


 Searching and
                   Experts
 Retrieval                                                                                     Knowledge
                                               Editor           Local         User Profiles
                                                                                              Presentation
Knowledge
 Knowledge          Administrator                             Documents
Management Web
 Management on

Web Mining
                                                                      Users
Agent Based
Web
                                Knowledge Management Architecture on the Web
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                           31
                                    Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence       Knowledge Management on Web
Bio-inspired
                   • Autonomous agents for knowledge discovery
Web
                   • Protocols for knowledge share and use
Web Intelligence
                   • Ontology editors
 Searching and
 Retrieval
                   • K-Commerce
Knowledge
 Knowledge         • Knowledge management models
Management Web
 Management on
                   • Virtual world
Web Mining
                   • Wisdom Web
Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                 32
                            Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Data Mining
                     The data mining techniques are dedicated techniques that
Bio-inspired          extract patterns and useful information from the
Web
                      existing known sources of data.

                    Text Mining
Web Intelligence
                     Text mining techniques are used to find, organize and discover
Searching and         information from the textual              resources.
Retrieval
Knowledge           Web Mining
Management on Web
                     Web mining techniques are used to find, organize and discover
WebMining
Web Mining            information from the       huge unstructured
Agent Based           platform such as Web.
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                       33
                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Challenges of Web Mining
                     Structure         highly unstructured
Bio-inspired
                     Size              tremendous
Web
                     Nature            dynamic
Web Intelligence     Accessibility     global by anybody
Searching and        Redundant         similar information in
Retrieval                                             many formats
Knowledge
Management on Web    Noise                           virus, malware and adware
WebMining
Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                  34
                                Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial                Purpose
Intelligence
                                        Data               Text              Web
Bio-inspired            Finding
                    pattern and        Mining             Mining            Mining
                     knowledge
Web                                     Data            Information          Web
                        Finding       Retrieval           Retrieval        Retrieval
                       relevant
                           data                                                        Data Type
Web Intelligence
                                                                                       /Sources
                                    Any data              Textual data      Web data
Searching and
Retrieval                            Web Mining and Other Related Activities
Knowledge
Management on Web

WebMining
Web Mining                                       Web Mining
Agent Based                                                                Web
                            Web Content               Web Log
                                                                         Structure
Web                           Mining                  Mining
                                                                          Mining

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                   35
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Web Content Mining
                        It attempts to mine content of the Web to discover
Bio-inspired
                         useful patterns through hyperlinks.
Web                     The content may be text, images, audio, video, and
                         structured data like tables and graphs.
Web Intelligence
                        The web content mining goes beyond keyword
Searching and            extraction and requires advanced techniques such as
Retrieval
                         NLP and AI.
Knowledge
Management on Web       Web content mining strategies are of two groups
                             one that directly mine the content of documents and
WebMining
Web Mining
                           second that improves on the content search of other tools
Agent Based                 like search engines.
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                        36
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Classification as Web Content Mining Techniques
Intelligence
                       Classification : deals with classification of the content into various
Bio-inspired            groups as accurate as possible. The training sets and test
                        (validation) sets are provided to the classification algorithm to build
Web                     and to test the classification model respectively.

                        Typical classification techniques include:
Web Intelligence
                         Decision tree based methods;
Searching and
                         Rule base classification;
Retrieval
                         Supervised learning through artificial neural network;
Knowledge
Management on Web        Evolutionary techniques; and
                         Support vector machines;
WebMining
Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                  37
                                    Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Clustering as Web Content Mining Techniques
Intelligence
                          Clustering : deals with finding groups of similar objects based on
Bio-inspired               the content characteristics itself in unsupervised approach.

Web
                                                                        3
                                                                                 1         Partition
Web Intelligence
                                                                                          Clustering
                                                                                         1, 2 and 3 are
Searching and           Initial Points                         2                         independent
Retrieval                                                                                   clusters.

Knowledge
Management on Web                                                   3
                                                                                     1
WebMining
Web Mining                                                                                Hierarchical
                                                                                           Clustering
                                                                                          Here cluster 3 is
Agent Based                                                                              subset of 2; and 2
                                                                2
Web                                                                                        is subset of 1.

                                         Partition and hierarchical clustering
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                              38
                                            Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Classification and Clustering as Web Content Mining
Intelligence
                    Techniques
Bio-inspired           Association Mining : deals with discovering interesting
                        relations between variables in large databases. This
Web                     technique find rules that will predict the occurrence of an entity
                        based on general pattern exists in the given data sets.
Web Intelligence
                       Consider following example.
Searching and
Retrieval
                                Transaction ID          Bread         Cheese   Sauce
Knowledge
Management on Web                      1                  Yes          Yes      Yes

                                       2                  No           No       Yes
WebMining
Web Mining
                                       3                  No           Yes      Yes
Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                             39
                                    Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial          Classification as Web Content Mining Techniques
Intelligence
                     Opinion Mining: deals with extraction of opinion of users
Bio-inspired            learn attitude of the content, person or product. Opinion mining
                        plays an important role in mining applications for customer relationship
Web                     management, consumer attitude detection, brand and product positioning,
                        product reviews, and market research.
Web Intelligence
                       Feature based opinion mining mines the Web content
Searching and           by given features of a specified product/entity.
Retrieval
                       Once the opinions are collected, they are further grouped
Knowledge
Management on Web       and analyzed.

WebMining
Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                   40
                                    Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Some other Web Content Mining Techniques
                       Structured data extraction: Structured data extraction deals with
Bio-inspired            extraction of important information about product, services
                        and data records that are available in structured form on host
Web
                        pages.
                       Unstructured content extraction: It deals with extraction of
Web Intelligence
                        content that is not available in structured form.
Searching and          Web information integration: It extracts content form multiple
Retrieval               site, checks for redundancy, and integrates information. Vice versa,
Knowledge               the content mining can be used for web site classification/clustering
Management on Web
                        also.
WebMining
Web Mining             Detecting noise: The malware, adware and virus from multiple site
                        can be identified and blocked.
Agent Based
                       Opinion mining: The customer surveys, opinion, sentiments and
Web
                        product review information etc can be extracted here.
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                41
                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Web Usage Mining
                     The Web usage mining provides the collection of
Bio-inspired
                      information accessed so far to its users.
Web                  Web usage mining highlights the behavior of users on
                      the Web and understands access patterns and trends.
Web Intelligence     The web usage mining deals with web log and
Searching and
                      accumulated data on web servers in order to
Retrieval             understand the user behavior and the web structure.
Knowledge            There are two main purposes for web usage mining.
Management on Web     The first one is to track general access pattern and
WebMining
Web Mining            second is customized usage tracking.
Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                             42
                                 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired        Retrieval
                                     Cleaning
Web                  Log Data
                                                           Identification
Web Intelligence                                                            Integration
                    Registration       Cleaning
                       Data             Noise                                             Use
Searching and                                                  Pattern      Integration
                                                              discovery      & Analysis
Retrieval              Other           Cleaning                             of Patterns   Analysis
                                                                 and
                    Information        Malware                               Discovery    and Use
Knowledge                                                      Analysis
Management on Web

WebMining
Web Mining
                                   Activities for web usage mining
Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                     43
                                    Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Web Structure Mining
Bio-inspired
                       The Web behaves like a hypertext             document
                        information system.         The Web objects such as pages and
Web                     sites are generally exist between the numbers of links.
                       Web structure mining focuses with structure       of such
Web Intelligence
                        hyperlinks on the Web.
Searching and          There are two basic techniques to analyze the network of links
Retrieval
                        on the Web. These methods are
Knowledge
Management on Web        (i) Hyperlinked Induced Topic Search (HITS) concept and
                         (ii) Page Rank method.
WebMining
Web Mining
                        The Web may be represented as a huge directed          graph
Agent Based
Web
                         structure.

Acknowledgement
                                                                                         44
                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                    Sensor Web Mining
                       Data are collected from different sensors placed at remote
Bio-inspired            places.
                       Provides opportunity of efficient geo-referencing in
Web
                        remote fashion.
Web Intelligence       Sensor Web consists number of sensor
                        platforms called pods.
Searching and
                       Each pod senses some dynamic                          Sensor Suit
Retrieval
                        environmental data in real time fashion.                Memory
Knowledge
Management on Web      Radio is used to connect the pod with its      Microcontroller      Radio

                        local neighborhood.                                   Solar panel

WebMining
Web Mining             Applications are weather forecasting,
Agent Based             costal area monitoring, communication
Web                     and education, and eco-system
                                                                     Architecture of a Pod
                        information and management.
Acknowledgement
                                                                                                    45
                                   Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired

Web

Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web

WebMining
Web Mining

Agent Based
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                        46
                      Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        AI for Web Mining
Bio-inspired         Mining pro-active agents

Web
                     ANN for finding/ analyzing patterns
Web Intelligence
                     Fuzzy partitions and clustering
Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge            Evolution of patterns from Web
Management on Web

WebMining
Web Mining           Heuristic based filtering functions for mining
Agent Based
Web
                     Sentiment mining using NLP on social network
Acknowledgement       platform
                                                                       47
                               Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence                                  Sensors to acquire environmental
                                                   information and user’s
                                                        requirement
Bio-inspired
                        Autonomy                                                      Mobility

                                                            Agent
Web
                        Cooperation                                                  Proactivity
                                                      Action interface
Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval                                                 Learning

Knowledge
Management on Web   Types of Agents
                       Collaborative Agent                             Information Agent
Web Mining
                       Interface Agent                                 Intelligent Agent
Agent Based
Agent Based
                       Mobile Agent                                    Hybrid Agent
Web
Web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                   48
                                      Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                                                                    Filtering Agent
                                      Interface
Bio-inspired                            Agent

                                                                        Browsers              Document
Web                                        URL                                               Management
                                        Management                                              Agent
                    Query Agent
Web Intelligence                                              Web/                 Search Engine
                                                            Semantic                   Agent
                                  Protocols and
Searching and                       Standards                 Web
                                                             Internet
Retrieval
Knowledge                                 Ontology Tools       Core                     Social Networking
Management on Web    Ontology Agent                          Services                          Agent

                                                           Customized
Web Mining                                                  Services

Agent Based
Agent Based
Web
Web                                               Agent based web

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                            49
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence
                                                       Web
Bio-inspired
                               Local Databases Base        Domain Databases Base
Web
                                     Ontology                   Knowledge Base
Web Intelligence

Searching and            Query Manager               Search Engine               Visualization
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web                             Web Bowser

Web Mining          Client      Client                                       Client

Agent Based
Agent Based
Web
Web                                      Figure 11.10 Information retrieval agent

Acknowledgement
                                                                                                 50
                                  Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired           Agent for semantic analysis
Web                    Verification and validation (V&V) agent
                       Finding suitable web services agent
Web Intelligence
                       Crawler agent
Searching and
Retrieval              Explanation and reasoning Agent
Knowledge              Natural language interface agent
Management on Web
                       Communication agent
Web Mining
                       Network traffic management agent
Agent Based
Agent Based
Web
Web                    Mobile agent for personalized content
Acknowledgement         representation
                                                                51
                              Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence        Major References
                       Knowledge-based systems, Akerkar RA and Priti Srinivas Sajja, Jones & Bartlett
Bio-inspired            Publishers, Sudbury, MA, USA (2009)
                       Intelligent technologies for web applications”, Priti Srinivas Sajja, Rajendra
Web                     Akerkar; CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group), Boka Raton, FL, USA (2012)


Web Intelligence
                    Other References
                       llustrationsOf.com
Searching and          coders-view.blogspot.com
Retrieval              info.ideal.com
Knowledge              http://businessintelligencetalk.blogspot.in
Management on Web      www.gadgetcage.com
                       Engadget.com
Web Mining             scenicreflections.com
                       lih.univ-lehavre.fr
Agent Based
                       business2press.com
Web
                       globalswarminghoneybees.blogspot.com
Acknowledgement        pritisajja.info
                                                                                                         52
                                       Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
Intelligent Applications for Web

Artificial
Intelligence

Bio-inspired

Web

Web Intelligence

Searching and
Retrieval
Knowledge
Management on Web         To the participants and authority of the
                    AICTE sponsored Staff Development Programme on Data Mining,
Web Mining                                 16-28 April, 2012
Agent Based                                     at the
Web                  L. J. Institute of Engineering & Technology, Ahmedabad.
Acknowledgement
                                                                                  53
                                 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja

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Intelligent web applications

  • 1. Intelligent Applications for Web Priti Srinivas Sajja Associate Professor Department of Computer Science Sardar Patel University Visit priti sajja.info for detail Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja 1
  • 2. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence • Name: Dr. Priti Srinivas Sajja Bio-inspired • Communication: • Email : priti_sajja@yahoo.com Web • Mobile : +91 9824926020 • URL :http://pritisajja.info Web Intelligence • Academic qualifications : Ph. D in Computer Science Searching and Retrieval • Thesis title: Knowledge-Based Systems for Socio- Knowledge • Economic Development (2000) Management on Web • Subject area of specialization : Artificial Intelligence Web Mining • Publications : 109 in Books, Book Chapters, Journals and Agent Based in Proceedings of International and National Conferences Web Acknowledgement 2 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 3. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Introduction Natural Intelligence Intelligence • Responds to situations flexibly. Bio-inspired • Makes sense of ambiguous or erroneous messages. • Assigns relative importance to elements of a situation. • Finds similarities even though the situations might be Web different. • Draws distinctions between situations even though there may Web Intelligence be many similarities between them. Searching and Retrieval Artificial Intelligence Knowledge • According to Rich & Knight (1991) “AI is the study of how to make Management on Web computers do things, at which, at the moment, people are better”. Web Mining • A machine is regarded as intelligent if it exhibits human Agent Based characteristics generated through natural intelligence. Web • AI is the study of human thought processes and moving toward problem solving in a symbolic and non-algorithmic way. Acknowledgement 3 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 4. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Introduction Intelligence Bio-inspired Web Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval “Artificial Intelligence(AI) is the study of how Knowledge to make computers do things at which, Management on Web at the moment, people are better” Web Mining • Elaine Rich, Artificial Intelligence, Agent Based McGraw Hill Publications, 1986 Web Acknowledgement 4 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 5. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Introduction Intelligence human thought process heuristic methods Bio-inspired where people are better non-algorithmic Web characteristics we knowledge using associate with intelligence symbols Web Intelligence Constituents of artificial intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web Acceptable solution Extreme solution, either best or Web Mining in acceptable time worst taking  (infinite) time Agent Based time Web Nature of AI solutions Acknowledgement 5 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 6. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial AI Tests Intelligence Testing Intelligence Turing test will fail to test for intelligence in two circumstances; Bio-inspired 1. A machine may well be Can you tell intelligent without Web me what is 222222*67344 ? being able to chat exactly like a human; and; Web Intelligence Why Sir? 2. The test fails to capture Searching and the general properties of Retrieval intelligence, such as the ability to solve difficult Knowledge The Boss could not judge who was replying, problems or come up with Management on Web thus the machine is as intelligent as the original insights. If a secretary. Web Mining machine can solve a difficult problem that Agent Based The Turing test no person could solve, Web it would, in principle, fail Acknowledgement the test. 6 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 7. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Can you find any test to check the given system is intelligent or not? AI Tests Intelligence Walks, Bio-inspired Makes and perceives, tests, understands joke smells, and feels like Web human Reacts differently Web Intelligence Solves your Searching and problem If it talks Retrieval like human Knowledge Management on Web Web Mining Translates, Agent Based conceptually form a test summarizes, Web and use it in different situation and learns before accepting it. Acknowledgement 7 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 8. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Rich & Knight (1991) classified and described the different areas that Applications Intelligence Artificial Intelligence techniques have been applied to as follows: Bio-inspired Web Mundane Tasks Expert Tasks • Perception - vision and • Engineering - design, fault Web Intelligence speech finding, manufacturing • Natural language planning, etc. Searching and understanding, generation, • Scientific analysis Retrieval and translation • Medical diagnosis • Commonsense reasoning Knowledge • Financial analysis Management on Web • Robot control Formal Tasks • Games - chess, Web Mining backgammon, checkers, etc. • Mathematics- geometry, Agent Based logic, integral calculus, Web theorem proving, etc. Acknowledgement 8 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 9. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Data Pyramid Intelligence IS Bio-inspired Strategy makers apply morals, WBS Wisdom (experience) principles, and experience to generate Web policies Higher management generates Knowledge (synthesis) KBS knowledge by synthesizing Web Intelligence information Middle management uses reports/info. DSS, MIS Information (analysis) Searching and generated though analysis and acts accordingly Retrieval TPS Data (processing of raw observations ) Knowledge Basic transactions by operational Management on Web staff using data processing Web Mining Volume Sophistication and complexity Agent Based Web Data pyramid Acknowledgement 9 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 10. Intelligent Applications for Web Knowledge Artificial Based systems Intelligence Knowledge Inference base engine Explanation Self- Bio-inspired and learning reasoning User interface Web Web Intelligence Searching and General structure of KBS Retrieval Knowledge According to the classifications by Tuthhill & Levy (1991), five main types Management on Web of KBS exists:  Expert systems Web Mining  Linked Systems Agent Based  CASE based Systems Web  Intelligent Tutoring Systems  Intelligent User Interface for Database Acknowledgement 10 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 11. Intelligent Applications for Web Knowledge Artificial Based systems Intelligence Experience Experts Bio-inspired Sources of Satellite Web Broadcasting (Internet, TV, Printed knowledge and Radio) Media Web Intelligence Types of Knowledge Searching and • Tacit knowledge Retrieval • Explicit knowledge Knowledge Management on Web • Commonsense knowledge • Informed commonsense knowledge Web Mining • Heuristic knowledge Agent Based • Domain knowledge Web • Meta knowledge Acknowledgement 11 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 12. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Pros and Cons  Intelligence, explanation and reasoning Intelligence  Partial self learning, uncertainty handling Bio-inspired  Documentation of knowledge Web  Proactive problem solving  Cost effectiveness Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval  Nature of knowledge Knowledge  Large volume of knowledge Management on Web  Knowledge acquisition techniques Web Mining  Little support to engineer AI based systems Agent Based  Shelf life of knowledge and system Web  Development Effort Acknowledgement 12 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 13. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-Inspired Computing Bio-inspired Bio-inspired  New approaches to AI  Taking inspiration form nature and biological systems Web  Includes models such as  Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Web Intelligence  Genetic Algorithm(GA), Searching and  Swarm Intelligence(SI), etc. Retrieval  Nature has virtues of self learning, evolution, Knowledge emergence and immunity Management on Web  The objective of bio-inspired models and techniques to Web Mining take inspiration from Mother Nature and solve Agent Based problems in more effective and intelligent way Web Acknowledgement 13 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 14. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Bio-inspired Bio-inspired  An artificial neural network (ANN) is connectionist model of programming using computers. Web  An ANN attempts to give computers humanlike abilities by mimicking the human brain’s functionality. Web Intelligence  The human brain consists of a network of more than a hundred billions interconnected neurons working in a parallel fashion. Searching and Retrieval W1 X1 Knowledge Management on Web X2 W2 XiWi y … …. W Web Mining n Xn Agent Based Web A biological neuron An artificial neuron Acknowledgement 14 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 15. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence A Perceptron Bio-inspired Bio-inspired Web Web Intelligence Multilayer Neural Network Searching and Input layer Hidden layers Retrieval X1 W12 Output layer Knowledge X2 Management on Web O0 X3 . . . . . O1 Web Mining . . . . . . …. . . . . Om Agent Based . Web Xn W1h Acknowledgement 15 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 16. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Genetic Algorithms (GA) Intelligence • It mimics Nature’s evolutionary approach Bio-inspired Bio-inspired • The algorithm is based on the process of natural selection— Charles Darwin’s “survival of the fittest.” Web • GAs can be used in problem solving, function optimizing, machine learning, and in innovative systems. Web Intelligence Start with initial population by randomly selected Initial population Individuals Searching and Modify Retrieval with Selection Crossover Mutation Knowledge operations Management on Web Evaluate fitness of new Evaluating new individuals through fitness function Web Mining individuals Update population with Agent Based better individuals and Modify the population Web repeat Genetic cycle Acknowledgement 16 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 17. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Swarm Intelligence Bio-inspired Bio-inspired  Inspired by the collective behavior of social insect colonies and other animal societies Web  Ant colony, fish school, bird flocking and honey comb are the examples Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 17 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 18. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Some more examples …. Intelligence Bio-inspired Bio-inspired Web Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 18 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 19. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired Web Web Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 19 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 20. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial • Internet can be defined as network of networks. Intelligence • The World Wide Web (WWW or Web) is a large scale Bio-inspired distributed hypermedia system on the internet Web platform. Web • The WWW is based on the HTTP-protocol for data Web Intelligence transfer, HTML markup for content display on top of the Internet infrastructure that uses different protocols and Searching and Retrieval content description schemes. Knowledge • According to Hans-Georg Stork (2002), the Web is Management on Web experiencing two issues: Web Mining • Not able for “semantic” access and use problem Agent Based • Depends on the universality of physical access via Web high-bandwidth local loops and broadband wireless channels. Acknowledgement 20 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 21. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence • Semantic Web is an extension of the current Web in Bio-inspired which information is given well defined meaning by associating metadata. (Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila, Web Web 2001). Web Intelligence • Basic objective of a semantic web is “Making content Searching and machine-understandable”. Retrieval Knowledge • The semantic web aims to allow Web entities (software Management on Web agents, users, and programs) for interoperating, dynamically discovering and using resources, extracting knowledge, and Web Mining solving complex problems. Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 21 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 22. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Challenges and limitations of the current Web Intelligence  Lack of knowledge-based searches Bio-inspired  Lack of effective techniques to access the Web in depth  Lack of mechanisms to deal with dynamic requirements of users Web  Lack of automatically constructed directories Web  Lack of multi-dimensional analysis and data mining support Web Intelligence By employing the AI techniques for web functions, it is possible to Intelligence Searching and partly impart intelligence in web-based business. Retrieval AI Techniques Web Technology Knowledge Management on Web • Platform of Internet • Knowledge representation • Protocols and standards Web Mining • Knowledge management • Browser • Expert system • Search engine Web • Heuristic functions • Semantic Web Intelligence Agent Based • New AI methods • Other software Web The Web Intelligence (WI) is considered as employment of AI techniques for Acknowledgement the Web. 22 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 23. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Semantic Web Social Search Engine Web Knowledge  Search Engine Intelligence Techniques Management Intelligence  Ontology  Popular tools  Customized  Knowledge management and techniques searches management Bio-inspired  Meta ontology  Social Network  Meta search architecture for  Interoperability Analysis engine Web  Inference  Search engine  Security optimization Web Web Web Intelligence Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web Web Information Web Mining Web Agents Human Computer Retrieval  Web log mining Interaction/NLP  Intelligent Web Mining  Information  Web structure  Personalized agents retrieval and mining interface  Multi agent filtering  Web content  Multi lingual Agent Based systems  Performance mining interfaces  Pattern Web measures  Sensor Web  Usability discovery  NLP mining Acknowledgement 23 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 24. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial To implement a simple Web crawler following steps can Intelligence be performed. Bio-inspired 1. Start interaction with user and seek keywords and URL to start with Web 2. Add the URL to list to search for 3. Repeat while list is not empty Web Intelligence 3.1 Consider the first URL and mark with appropriate flag Searching and 3.2 If the protocol of the selected URL is not HTTP then Searching break Retrieval Knowledge 3.3 Follow the robot.txt file (instructions), if any Management on Web 3.4 Open the URL 3.5 If the URL is not an HTML file then break else add the Web Mining file into list of files found Agent Based 3.6 Extract links by traversing the file Web 3.7 Repeat this procedure for every link within the file Acknowledgement 24 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 25. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired Spider Lists Index Processing Storage Web Web Intelligence Web crawler process Searching and Searching Retrieval Simple Crawler Knowledge Searching all pages Management on Web Focused Crawler Web Mining Searching relevant pages Agent Based Web Web Scope of focused crawler Acknowledgement 25 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 26. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Information Retrieval (IR) is a science of Intelligence • information finding, Bio-inspired • acquiring, • storing and Web • utilizing the information for problem solving. Web Intelligence The formal steps are given as follows: Information Searching and • Indexing Retrieval Retrieval • Query formulation Knowledge • Matching query Management on Web representation Web Mining • Relevance feedback and • interactive retrieval Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 26 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 27. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Models of Information Retrieval Bio-inspired 1. Boolean Model - Boolean operators like AND, OR and NOT are applied to retrieve content. Web 2. Vector space model - represents the documents and queries as vectors (defined by keywords) in a Web Intelligence space having more than one dimensions. Information Searching and Retrieval Retrieval 3. Probabilistic model - considers the retrieved content according to some rank based on some Knowledge Management on Web probability. Web Mining 4. Latent semantic model - considers associations among terms and documents to retrieve required Agent Based content. Web Acknowledgement 27 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 28. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired User Terminology Grammar Lexicon Token Web Templates Preprocessing Tokenizer Recognizer Parser Interpreter Web Web Search Natural Query Interpreted Request Web Intelligence Query Dialog Processor Search Mechanism Searching and NLP for IR Filtered Result Search Result Search Result Retrieval Knowledge User Profile and Management on Web Dialog Context Model Local information Analyzer and and Domain Generator Terminology Web Mining Agent Based Generic NLP architecture Web Acknowledgement 28 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 29. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Research Trend in IR Bio-inspired • Heuristic filtering Web • Semantic Information Web Intelligence • Multimedia Data Researchand Searching Trend RetrievalIR in • Opinion Retrieval Knowledge • Information retrieval and translation Management on Web • Fuzzy Boolean model of information retrieval Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 29 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 30. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence The Web follows document-centric approach, which lacks efficient representation and access of Bio-inspired the content on Web. Web Knowledge Knowledge Web Intelligence Sources Use Engineer Searching and Retrieval Discover Knowledge Document Knowledge Base Knowledge Management Web Management on Organizational Share Standards, Web Mining Requirements Protocols, and Agent Based Services Web Typical Knowledge Management Process Acknowledgement 30 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 31. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired Service Crawler Inference Knowledge Web Standards mechanism Discovery Web Metadata Knowledge Domain Knowledge Web Intelligence repository Ontology Processing Searching and Experts Retrieval Knowledge Editor Local User Profiles Presentation Knowledge Knowledge Administrator Documents Management Web Management on Web Mining Users Agent Based Web Knowledge Management Architecture on the Web Acknowledgement 31 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 32. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Management on Web Bio-inspired • Autonomous agents for knowledge discovery Web • Protocols for knowledge share and use Web Intelligence • Ontology editors Searching and Retrieval • K-Commerce Knowledge Knowledge • Knowledge management models Management Web Management on • Virtual world Web Mining • Wisdom Web Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 32 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 33. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Data Mining  The data mining techniques are dedicated techniques that Bio-inspired extract patterns and useful information from the Web existing known sources of data. Text Mining Web Intelligence  Text mining techniques are used to find, organize and discover Searching and information from the textual resources. Retrieval Knowledge Web Mining Management on Web  Web mining techniques are used to find, organize and discover WebMining Web Mining information from the huge unstructured Agent Based platform such as Web. Web Acknowledgement 33 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 34. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Challenges of Web Mining  Structure highly unstructured Bio-inspired  Size tremendous Web  Nature dynamic Web Intelligence  Accessibility global by anybody Searching and  Redundant similar information in Retrieval many formats Knowledge Management on Web  Noise virus, malware and adware WebMining Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 34 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 35. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Purpose Intelligence Data Text Web Bio-inspired Finding pattern and Mining Mining Mining knowledge Web Data Information Web Finding Retrieval Retrieval Retrieval relevant data Data Type Web Intelligence /Sources Any data Textual data Web data Searching and Retrieval Web Mining and Other Related Activities Knowledge Management on Web WebMining Web Mining Web Mining Agent Based Web Web Content Web Log Structure Web Mining Mining Mining Acknowledgement 35 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 36. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Web Content Mining  It attempts to mine content of the Web to discover Bio-inspired useful patterns through hyperlinks. Web  The content may be text, images, audio, video, and structured data like tables and graphs. Web Intelligence  The web content mining goes beyond keyword Searching and extraction and requires advanced techniques such as Retrieval NLP and AI. Knowledge Management on Web  Web content mining strategies are of two groups  one that directly mine the content of documents and WebMining Web Mining  second that improves on the content search of other tools Agent Based like search engines. Web Acknowledgement 36 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 37. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Classification as Web Content Mining Techniques Intelligence  Classification : deals with classification of the content into various Bio-inspired groups as accurate as possible. The training sets and test (validation) sets are provided to the classification algorithm to build Web and to test the classification model respectively. Typical classification techniques include: Web Intelligence  Decision tree based methods; Searching and  Rule base classification; Retrieval  Supervised learning through artificial neural network; Knowledge Management on Web  Evolutionary techniques; and  Support vector machines; WebMining Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 37 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 38. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Clustering as Web Content Mining Techniques Intelligence  Clustering : deals with finding groups of similar objects based on Bio-inspired the content characteristics itself in unsupervised approach. Web 3 1 Partition Web Intelligence Clustering 1, 2 and 3 are Searching and Initial Points 2 independent Retrieval clusters. Knowledge Management on Web 3 1 WebMining Web Mining Hierarchical Clustering Here cluster 3 is Agent Based subset of 2; and 2 2 Web is subset of 1. Partition and hierarchical clustering Acknowledgement 38 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 39. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Classification and Clustering as Web Content Mining Intelligence Techniques Bio-inspired  Association Mining : deals with discovering interesting relations between variables in large databases. This Web technique find rules that will predict the occurrence of an entity based on general pattern exists in the given data sets. Web Intelligence  Consider following example. Searching and Retrieval Transaction ID Bread Cheese Sauce Knowledge Management on Web 1 Yes Yes Yes 2 No No Yes WebMining Web Mining 3 No Yes Yes Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 39 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 40. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Classification as Web Content Mining Techniques Intelligence  Opinion Mining: deals with extraction of opinion of users Bio-inspired learn attitude of the content, person or product. Opinion mining plays an important role in mining applications for customer relationship Web management, consumer attitude detection, brand and product positioning, product reviews, and market research. Web Intelligence  Feature based opinion mining mines the Web content Searching and by given features of a specified product/entity. Retrieval  Once the opinions are collected, they are further grouped Knowledge Management on Web and analyzed. WebMining Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 40 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 41. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Some other Web Content Mining Techniques  Structured data extraction: Structured data extraction deals with Bio-inspired extraction of important information about product, services and data records that are available in structured form on host Web pages.  Unstructured content extraction: It deals with extraction of Web Intelligence content that is not available in structured form. Searching and  Web information integration: It extracts content form multiple Retrieval site, checks for redundancy, and integrates information. Vice versa, Knowledge the content mining can be used for web site classification/clustering Management on Web also. WebMining Web Mining  Detecting noise: The malware, adware and virus from multiple site can be identified and blocked. Agent Based  Opinion mining: The customer surveys, opinion, sentiments and Web product review information etc can be extracted here. Acknowledgement 41 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 42. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Web Usage Mining  The Web usage mining provides the collection of Bio-inspired information accessed so far to its users. Web  Web usage mining highlights the behavior of users on the Web and understands access patterns and trends. Web Intelligence  The web usage mining deals with web log and Searching and accumulated data on web servers in order to Retrieval understand the user behavior and the web structure. Knowledge  There are two main purposes for web usage mining. Management on Web The first one is to track general access pattern and WebMining Web Mining second is customized usage tracking. Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 42 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 43. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired Retrieval Cleaning Web Log Data Identification Web Intelligence Integration Registration Cleaning Data Noise Use Searching and Pattern Integration discovery & Analysis Retrieval Other Cleaning of Patterns Analysis and Information Malware Discovery and Use Knowledge Analysis Management on Web WebMining Web Mining Activities for web usage mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 43 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 44. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Web Structure Mining Bio-inspired  The Web behaves like a hypertext document information system. The Web objects such as pages and Web sites are generally exist between the numbers of links.  Web structure mining focuses with structure of such Web Intelligence hyperlinks on the Web. Searching and  There are two basic techniques to analyze the network of links Retrieval on the Web. These methods are Knowledge Management on Web (i) Hyperlinked Induced Topic Search (HITS) concept and (ii) Page Rank method. WebMining Web Mining  The Web may be represented as a huge directed graph Agent Based Web structure. Acknowledgement 44 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 45. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Sensor Web Mining  Data are collected from different sensors placed at remote Bio-inspired places.  Provides opportunity of efficient geo-referencing in Web remote fashion. Web Intelligence  Sensor Web consists number of sensor platforms called pods. Searching and  Each pod senses some dynamic Sensor Suit Retrieval environmental data in real time fashion. Memory Knowledge Management on Web  Radio is used to connect the pod with its Microcontroller Radio local neighborhood. Solar panel WebMining Web Mining  Applications are weather forecasting, Agent Based costal area monitoring, communication Web and education, and eco-system Architecture of a Pod information and management. Acknowledgement 45 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 46. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired Web Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web WebMining Web Mining Agent Based Web Acknowledgement 46 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 47. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence AI for Web Mining Bio-inspired  Mining pro-active agents Web  ANN for finding/ analyzing patterns Web Intelligence  Fuzzy partitions and clustering Searching and Retrieval Knowledge  Evolution of patterns from Web Management on Web WebMining Web Mining  Heuristic based filtering functions for mining Agent Based Web  Sentiment mining using NLP on social network Acknowledgement platform 47 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 48. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Sensors to acquire environmental information and user’s requirement Bio-inspired Autonomy Mobility Agent Web Cooperation Proactivity Action interface Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Learning Knowledge Management on Web Types of Agents  Collaborative Agent  Information Agent Web Mining  Interface Agent  Intelligent Agent Agent Based Agent Based  Mobile Agent  Hybrid Agent Web Web Acknowledgement 48 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 49. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Filtering Agent Interface Bio-inspired Agent Browsers Document Web URL Management Management Agent Query Agent Web Intelligence Web/ Search Engine Semantic Agent Protocols and Searching and Standards Web Internet Retrieval Knowledge Ontology Tools Core Social Networking Management on Web Ontology Agent Services Agent Customized Web Mining Services Agent Based Agent Based Web Web Agent based web Acknowledgement 49 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 50. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Web Bio-inspired Local Databases Base Domain Databases Base Web Ontology Knowledge Base Web Intelligence Searching and Query Manager Search Engine Visualization Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web Web Bowser Web Mining Client Client Client Agent Based Agent Based Web Web Figure 11.10 Information retrieval agent Acknowledgement 50 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 51. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired  Agent for semantic analysis Web  Verification and validation (V&V) agent  Finding suitable web services agent Web Intelligence  Crawler agent Searching and Retrieval  Explanation and reasoning Agent Knowledge  Natural language interface agent Management on Web  Communication agent Web Mining  Network traffic management agent Agent Based Agent Based Web Web  Mobile agent for personalized content Acknowledgement representation 51 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 52. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Major References  Knowledge-based systems, Akerkar RA and Priti Srinivas Sajja, Jones & Bartlett Bio-inspired Publishers, Sudbury, MA, USA (2009)  Intelligent technologies for web applications”, Priti Srinivas Sajja, Rajendra Web Akerkar; CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group), Boka Raton, FL, USA (2012) Web Intelligence Other References  llustrationsOf.com Searching and  coders-view.blogspot.com Retrieval  info.ideal.com Knowledge  http://businessintelligencetalk.blogspot.in Management on Web  www.gadgetcage.com  Engadget.com Web Mining  scenicreflections.com  lih.univ-lehavre.fr Agent Based  business2press.com Web  globalswarminghoneybees.blogspot.com Acknowledgement  pritisajja.info 52 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja
  • 53. Intelligent Applications for Web Artificial Intelligence Bio-inspired Web Web Intelligence Searching and Retrieval Knowledge Management on Web To the participants and authority of the AICTE sponsored Staff Development Programme on Data Mining, Web Mining 16-28 April, 2012 Agent Based at the Web L. J. Institute of Engineering & Technology, Ahmedabad. Acknowledgement 53 Created By Priti Srinivas Sajja