1. Report Writing

2.  Reports are documents which
presents specific, focused content -
often the result of an experiment,
investigation, or inquiry to a specific
audience.

3. Purpose of Report Writing
 To give the information.
 
 To records events for decision
making.
 
 To recommend specific action.

4. Types of Reports
 Formal or Informal
 Short or Long
 Informational or Analytical
 Vertical or Lateral
 Internal or external
 Periodic Report
 Functional
◦ Accounting
◦ Marketing
◦ Financial
 Proposal Report

5. Five stages of Report Writing
 Define the problem and purpose
 Identifying and organizing the issues
for investigation
 Conduct Research
 Analyzing and Interpreting data
 Conclusions and Recommendations

6. Defining Problem
 Statement of problem
◦ What needs to be determined?
◦ Why is the issue important?
◦ Who is involved?
◦ Is there trouble? If yes, where?
◦ When did it start?
◦ How to resolve the issue?
 Statement of Purpose
◦ To investigate
◦ To determine
◦ To identify
◦ To analyze
◦ To select

7. Identification of areas affecting
investigation
 Identify the factors that influence cause
and/or affect the problem. Three types:
◦ Informative or factual data
◦ Explanatory of hypothetical
◦ Comparative factors
• Preliminary Outline
• Gathering Background information
◦ Primary Research
◦ Secondary Research

8. Conducting Research
 Identify information through
Questionnaires/ Surveys/
Interviews/Observations
 Collect data
 Surveys
◦ Reliability
◦ Validity
• Types of questions
◦ Open-ended or Closed-ended
◦ Multiple options/ Grades/ Ranking

9. While administering
questionnaires…
 Detailed instructions
 Short and easy questions
 Collation of data, e.g.
table/graphs/charts
 Leading and suggestive questions
should be avoid

10. Evaluation and Analysis of
Data
 Quantitative or Qualitative analysis
 Interpretation of results
 Drawing Conclusions
 Recommendations

11. Structure and Layout
Front Matter
1. Letter of Transmittal
2. Frontispiece
3. Title page
4. Copyright Notice
5. Preface (By Author)
6. Acknowledgement
7. Table of Contents
8. List of Illustrations
9. Glossary and List of Symbols
10. Abstract and Executive Summary

12. Copyright Symbol
 Three elements:
 The copyright symbol © (the letter C in a circle),
or the word "Copyright," or the abbreviation
"Copr."
 The year of first publication of the work.
 The name of the owner of copyright in the work,
or an abbreviation by which the name can be
recognized, or a generally known alternative
designation of the owner.
 Example: copyright © 2002 John Doe

13. Cover
 Title of the report
 Authors
 Name of Organization
 Date of submission of report

14. Structure and Layout
Main Body
 Introduction
◦ Purpose (Why and What )
◦ Scope ( areas and factors covered)
◦ Limitation
◦ Perspective (expectations from the report)
◦ Research Methodology
◦ Results and Discussion/ Findings
◦ Conclusions and Recommendations

15. Back Matter
 Appendices
 List of References
 Bibliography

16. Appendices
 Material needed to support main body
 Kind of material included
◦ Questionnaire
◦ Statistical calculations
◦ Sample of forms
◦ Illustrative material
◦ Specimens
◦ Transcripts
◦ Corrspondance
◦ Summaries of specific results
◦

17. List of References
 Used to give credit to the work quoted
in report
 Acknowledge the source
 Follow Alphabetical order
 Given in the form of
◦ Footnotes
◦ Author-Date reference

18. Footnotes
 Used if there are small number of
references
 Made at the end of page
 Text to be acknowledged numbered as
subscript
 E.g. The results are in keeping with the
recent findings at the Marol1 branch.
1. Sanjay Upadhyay, “The working of
the Micro Finance Department, Western
Region”, Management Review, April
2010, 22-27.

19. Reference
 Book:
Minuchin, S. (1974). Families and family
therapy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University
Press.
M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.),
Handbook of emotions (2nd ed.). New York:
Guilford Press.
Department of Community Health, 2008.
Report on longeivity and health concerns. New
Delhi: Govt. of India

20. Reference
Anthology (different authors writing
different chapters)
Salovey, P., Bedell, B. T., Detweiler, J. B., &
Mayer, J. D. (2000). Current directions in
emotional intelligence research. In M. Lewis
& J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of
emotions (2nd ed.). (pp. 417-520). New
York: Guilford Press.

21. Reference
 Thesis
 Rosete. D. (2007). Does Emotional
Intelligence play an important role in
leadership effectiveness. Unpublished
dissertation. University of
Wonglongong. Wonglongong.

22. Reference
 Journal
Ross, S. M., & Offermann, L. R. (1997).
Transformational leaders: Measurement of
personality attributes and work group
performance. Personality and Social
Psychology Bulletin 23(10): 1078-1086.

23. Reference
 Conference
 Sinha, A., (2005) Creativity and
innovation: The only survival tool. In:
Ghosh, B. (ed.) Managerial Growth
and Innovation. Proceedings of fifth
International Conference of Innovation
and Creativity. 3 – 7 March 2005. New
Delhi: University of Delhi. Pp. 44-65

24.  Exhibition Catalogue
 Indus Art Gallery. 2008. Printing
Technology. Catalogue of an exhibition
at Indus. January 17 to February 5,
2008. Mumbai Indus Gallery

25.  Online source
 Mayer J D, Salovey P and Caruso D
R. 2003. Calculation for local
consensus scoring pattern.
Psychotheme Journal (online) 17(2).
Available from:
http://www.unh.edu/emotional-
intelligence/ei.com/ (Accesed July 7,
2009)