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- 36. Protein Synthesis • Protein synthesis has two steps, which are transcription and translation. Transcription is first and RNA polymerase binds onto the double helix strand. It then works it way down the DNA and temporarily unwinds it. It also builds a mRNA strand of the top part of DNA. When the mRNA strand is built the DNA goes back together. When it is finished the mRNA strand breaks off and leaves the nucleus through little holes called nuclear pores. When it is in the cytoplasm it gets on a ribosome and that leads to the next step. It starts at the promoter and ends with the termination sequence. Everything in between is called the coding region.
- 37. Protein Synthesis(Con.) • Translation is the second step of protein synthesis. When the mRNA strand leaves the nucleus it catches onto a ribosome. tRNA messengers then carry in both an anti codon and an amino acid. When the next tRNA messenger comes in a peptide bond is formed between the amino acids and the first tRNA messenger goes away. This continues on until it get to the stop codon which is ACT. When it gets to stop the amino acids break off and start to fold up on itself, which then makes it a protein. The way the protein folds up on itself tells what the function is.