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Protein Synthesis
By: Laura Keller
Transcription
• In Transcription, RNA Polymerase
unwinds a small portion of the DNA.
Then, mRNA matches the bases of
the DNA. The mRNA breaks away
from the DNA and passes through
the nuclear pores to get to the
ribosomes.
Cell

Nucleus
Nucleus

Chromosome
3’

5’

Key

RNA
Polymerase

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
3’

5’

Key
= Phosphate

RNA
Polymerase

= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
3’

5’

Key

RNA
Polymerase

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
5’

3’

Key

RNA Polymerase =

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
5’

3’

Key

RNA Polymerase =

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
5’

3’

Key

RNA Polymerase =

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
5’

3’

Key

RNA Polymerase =
mRNA Strand =

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
3’

5’

Key

RNA Polymerase =
mRNA Strand =

= Phosphate
= Sugar
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
Translation
• In Translation, the mRNA comes in
contact with the ribosome. The
ribosome will then read the mRNA and
translate it. Then, tRNA anticodons
are created for each codon. Each
anticodon codes for a specific amino
acid. The tRNA finds the correct amino
acid and all the amino acids are strung
together to form a protein.
Cytoplasm

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine
= Cytosine
Start Codon
Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Codon

Codon

Codon

Stop Codon
Ribosome
Large Subunit

Start Codon
Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Codon
Small Subunit

Codon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon
Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Codon

Codon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon
Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Codon

Codon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA
Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA
Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA
Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine
= Guanine

= Cytosine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA
Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA

= Guanine

= Cytosine

Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA

= Guanine

= Cytosine

Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA

= Guanine

= Cytosine

Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA

= Guanine

= Cytosine

Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Ribosome

Amino Acid
tRNA

= Guanine

= Cytosine

Anticodon

Codon

Stop Codon
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain

Stop Codon
Codon

Codon

art Codon

Codon

Stop Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
on

Codon

Codon

Codon

Stop Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
n

Codon

Codon

Stop Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
Codon

Codon

Stop Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
Codon

Stop Codon

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
n

Stop Codon
Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
Amino Acid Chain

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
Final Protein in Tertiary Structure

Key
= Uracil
= Adenine

Amino Acid
tRNA

Ribosome
Peptide Bond

= Guanine

= Cytosine Anticodon

Polypeptide Chain
The End

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