2. Encoding in JavaScript fahai [at] TaobaoUED

3. ECMA 262 - §6 ECMAScript source text is represented as a sequence of characters in the Unicode character encoding, version 2.1 or later, using the UTF-16 transformation format. The text is expected to have been normalised to Unicode Normalised Form C (canonical composition), as described in Unicode Technical Report #15. Conforming ECMAScript implementations are not required to perform any normalisation of text, or behave as though they were performing normalisation of text, themselves.

4. SourceCharacter :: any Unicode character

5. Rhino Book - §3.2 JavaScript programs are written using the Unicode character set. Although the ECMAScript v3 standard allows Unicode characters anywhere in a JavaScript program, versions 1 and 2 of the standard allow Unicode characters only in comments and quoted string literals; all elements are restricted to the ASCII character set. Versions of JavaScript that predate ECMAScript standardization typically do not support Unicode at all.

6. Code-point, not byte

7. Example var草泥马 = function() { this.constructor.prototype.咆哮 = function(叫声) { alert(叫声); }; }; new 草泥马().咆哮("除尽天下河蟹日，家祭无忘告乃翁！");

8. Example alert(String.fromCharCode(35201, 21644, 35856, 65292, 35201, 26377, 29233));

9. related functions escape() encodeURI() encodeURIComponent()

10. Reference ECMAScript Specification - 3rd Edition JavaScript - The Definition Guide - 5th Edition

11. Thanks