Policy of seed development

1. RAVI SINGH
12MBT0073
VIT UNIVERSITY
POLICY OF SEED
DEVELOPMENT &
GEAC

2. Seed and plant material
Agricultural production
Higher yields
Food security
Quality of crop
Cost of production
Agri-climatic conditions

3. STAKEHOLDERS
Farmers
Public
sector:
National
Public
Sector:
State
Seed
Farmers
Corporate
Sector:
MNCs
Private
sector-
domestic

5. Seed Progression
Nucleus
Seed
Breeder
Seed
Certified
Seed
Foundation
Seed
National Agricultural Research
System
Public Sector Seed Production
agencies
Multinational companies
Improved
Product
Mix
Higher
Revenues
•Developing a
particular variety
•Used for
multiplication
•Genetically pure
•Source for
foundation seed
•Public Sector
•Private Sector
•MNCs
•Hybrids
•Value-addition
•Marketing
•Risk Management
•Market Intelligence
•Warehouse
•Trademark

6. Types of Seeds
•Public
•Domestic
Private
•MNCs
Self
Pollinated
Cross
Pollinated
Hybrids
Genetically
Modified
Public
Sector
Farmers
Public
sector

7. Seed Industry: Volumes
50
0
100
250
200
150
Total Seed
Production
Private sector

9. Seed Industry: Details
 India – biggest seed market
 $920 million, or about Rs.5,000 crores
 Domestic $900 million, exports $20 million
 Open pollinated seed market: around $ 118 million
 Vegetable seed sector employment 7 lakhs
 Local and unidentified varieties (farmer
controlled) statistics are not known – probably
30 to 50%
 Highest seed market is cotton (80% hybrid):
Rs.1870 crores
 National Seeds Corporation, 1963
 15 State seed corporations
 500 private seed companies
 National Seed Association of India (NSAI)

10. Seed Policies and Legislation
 Enactment of the Seeds Act, 1966
 Seed Review Team-SRT (1968)
 National Commission on Agriculture’s Seed
Group (1972)
 Seed Control Order (1983)
 New Policy on Seed Development (1988)
 National Seeds Policy (2002)
 The Seeds Bill (2004)
 Formulation of National Seed Plan (2005)
The Seeds Bill, now

11. NATIONAL SEEDS POLICY, 2002: THRUST AREAS
 variety development
 plant variety protection
 quality assurance
 infrastructure facilities
 transgenic plant varieties
 import and export
promotion of domestic private sector
seed industry
 strengthening of the monitoring system

12. SEEDS BILL, 2004: SALIENT FEATURES
Registration of kinds and varieties of
Seeds etc.
– Evaluation of performance
– Compensation to Farmers
– Registration of Seed Producers & Processing
Units
– Seed dealers to be Registered
Regulation of Sale of Seed and Seed
Certification
• Seed Analysis and Seed Testing
• Export and Import of Seeds & Planting Material
• Offences and Punishment

13. Issues before Seed Bill
 Quality assurance to farmers
– spurious seeds
– under performing seeds
– non-performing seeds
 Price Control
• Share of seed in the cost of production is
going up
 Increasing yields
• Productivity
• Quality of produce

14. BIOSAFETY REGULATION
1. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RDAC)
2. Review Committee on Genetic Manipulations
(RCGM)
3. Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
(GEAC)
4. State Biosafety Coordination Committee (SBCC)
5. District Level Coordination Committee (DLCC)
• Ministry of Environment and Forests
• Department of Biotechnology

15. The Genetic Engineering
Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee
(GEAC) of India was reconstituted on March 11,
2013
This committee function as a body under the
Department of Environment, Forest and Wildlife for
approval of activities involving large scale use of
hazardous microorganisms and recombinants in
research and industrial production from the
environmental angle. The Committee also responsible
for approval of proposals relating to release of
genetically engineered organisms and products into
the environment including experimental field trials.

16. Main functions
• To permit the use of GMOs and products thereof for
commercial applications.
• To adopt producers for restriction or prohibition,
production, sale, import & use of GMOs both for research
and applications under EPA.
• To approve for conduct of large scale field trials,
evaluation of large scale field trial data and final approval
for release of transgenic crop in to the environment.
• To authorize large scale production and release of GMOs
and productsthereof into the environment.
• To authorize agencies or persons to have powers to take
punitive actions under the EPA.

17. (i) For the purpose of these rules, microorganisms or
genetically engineered organisms, products or cells shall
be dealt with under two major heads; animal pathogens
and plant pests and these shall be classified in the
manner specified in the Schedule.
(ii) If any of the microorganism, genetically engineered
organism or cell falls within the limits of more than one
risk class as specified in the Schedule, it shall be deemed
to belong exclusively to the last in number of such
classes.
9/17/13
CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS OR GENETICALLY ENGINEERED PRODUCT

18. (1) No person shall import, export, transport, manufacture,
process, use or sell any hazardous microorganisms or
genetically engineered organisms/substances or cells
except with the approval of the Genetic Engineering
Approval Committee.
(2) Use of pathogenic microorganism or any genetically
engineered organisms or cell for the purpose of research
shall only be allowed in laboratories or inside laboratory
areas notified by the Ministry of Environment and
Forests for this purpose under the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986.
9/17/13
APPROVAL AND PROHIBITIONS

19. Thank You