1. English Grammar
Tense and Its Types
By – Shri. Khodave Dnyaneshwar
M.A. (English), M.Ed., SET
Shardabai Pawar College of Education
for Women, Shardanagar.

2. Tense
• Three Types
• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense

3. Present Tense
• Simple Present Tense
– Present Continuous Tense
• Present Perfect Tense
• Present Perfect Continuous Tense

4. Simple Present Tense
• Structure
• Subject + Main Verb + Object
• S (third person, Singular) + MV-s/es + O
• I play badminton. We play badminton.
• You play badminton.
• He plays badminton.
• She plays badminton.
• It plays badminton. They play badminton.

5. Simple Present Tense
• Used to express custom or habit
• To express what is actually happening
• To express general Truths

6. Present Continuous
• Structure -
• Subject + am/is/are + V-ing + object
• I am writing a letter. We are writing a letter.
• You are writing a letter.
• He is writing a letter.
• She is writing a letter.
• It is writing a letter. They are writing a letter.

7. Present Perfect
• Structure –
• Subject + have/has + PPT of MV + Object
• I have sung in many countries.
• We have sung in many countries.
• You have sung in many countries.
• He/She/It has sung in many countries.
• They have sung in many countries.

8. Present Perfect
• Used to talk about completed action
• To refer to an action that began in the past
and is still going on at the time of
speaking

9. Present Perfect Continuous
• Structure
• S + have/has + been + V-ing + object
• I have been writing letters.
• We have been writing letters.
• Your have been writing letters.
• He/she/it has been writing letters.
• They have been writing letters.

10. Present Perfect
• This tense is used to indicated that the
action has been going on continuously
over a period of time starting in the past
and continuing up to the present.

11. Simple Past Tense
• Structure-
• Subject + Past Tense of MV + Object
• I played Cricket.
• We played Cricket.
• You played Cricket.
• He/ She/ It played Cricket.
• They played Cricket.

12. Simple Past Tense
• Used to express actions which have been
finished before the time of speaking.
• To express some past habit.

13. Past Continuous Tense
• Structure-
• Subject + was/ were + V-ing + object
• I was reading a book.
• We were reading a book.
• You were reading a book.
• He/ She/ It was reading a book.
• They were reading a book .

14. Past Continuous Tense
• Used to express an action in progress at
some moment before the time of
speaking.
• To refer to repeated actions in past with
always or forever.
• e.g. Anuja and Sheela were forever
fighting about their possessions.

15. Past Perfect Tense
• Structure
• Subject + Had + PPT of MV + Object
• I had finished my homework.
• We had finished our homework.
• You had finished your homework.
• He/ She/ It had finished his/ her/ its
homework.
• They had finished their homework.

16. Past Perfect Tense
• The Past Perfect is used when we wish to
say that some action had been completed
before another was started.
• For example.
• We had eaten our dinner before the
guests arrived.

17. Past Perfect Continuous
• Structure-
• Subject + had +been + V-ing + object
• I had been playing Cricket.
• We had been playing Cricket.
• You had been playing Cricket.
• He/ She/ It had been playing Cricket.
• They had been playing Cricket.

18. Past Perfect Continuous
• The Past Perfect Continuous Tense is
used to refer to an action which had been
going on continuously up to that time in
the past that we are talking about.
• For example- My father had been
managing the factory for thirty years
before he retired.