TAGUCHI- QUALITY GURU
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Genichi Taguchi was a Japanese engineer who developed statistical methods for robust design and quality engineering. Some of his key contributions include developing the Taguchi loss function, promoting the philosophy of off-line quality control through designing products and processes that are robust to external factors, and innovations in the statistical design of experiments. He focused on using orthogonal arrays and analyzing signal-to-noise ratios to optimize settings and minimize a product's sensitivity to noise. While influential, his experimental design and analysis methods have some limitations and inefficiencies.
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TAGUCHI- QUALITY GURU
- 1. Genichi Taguchi Rajeev Sharan Saumya Bhargava Sharat Chandra Faculty In-Charge Mr. Joseph Reggy
- 2. BIOGRAPHY
- 3. • An engineer who has developed an approach (Taguchi Methods) involving statistical planned experiments to reduce variation • 1950’s: applied his approach in Japan • 1980’s: introduced his ideas to US • Many (in Japan and US) consider DEX and Taguchi Methods synonyms…
- 4. BIOGRAPHY • Born • January 1, 1924. • Tokamachi, Japan • Citizenship • Japan • Fields • Engineering • Statistics • Studied textile engineering at Kiryu Technical College
- 5. BIOGRAPHY • In 1942, drafted into the Astronomical Department of the Navigation Institute of the Imperial Japanese Navy. • In 1948, joined the Ministry of Public Health and Welfare – Here, he came under the influence of eminent statistician Matosaburo Masuyama, who kindled his interest in the design of experiments. – during this time, also worked at the Institute of Statistical Mathematics and supported experimental work on the production of penicillin at Morinaga Pharmaceuticals. • In 1950, joined the Electrical Communications Laboratory (ECL) of the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation • In 1964 he became professor of engineering at Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo
- 6. HONOURS • Indigo Ribbon from the Emperor of Japan • Willard F. Rockwell Medal of the International Technology Institute • Honorary member of the Japanese Society of Quality Control and of the American Society for Quality • Shewhart Medal of the American Society for Quality (1995) • Honoured as a Quality Guru by the British Department of Trade and Industry (1990)
- 7. CONTRIBUTION
- 8. What are Taguchi’s Contributions? • Taguchi has made a very influential contribution to industrial statistics. Key elements of his quality philosophy include the following: • Taguchi loss function, used to measure financial loss to society resulting from poor quality; • The philosophy of off-line quality control, designing products and processes so that they are insensitive ("robust") to parameters outside the design engineer's control; and • Innovations in the statistical design of experiments, notably the use of an outer array for factors that are uncontrollable in real life, but are systematically varied in the experiment
- 9. Quality Engineering Philosophy Methodology Experiment Design Analysis
- 11. Taguchi focuses mostly on Off-Line Quality Control Off-Line Quality Control = Improving Quality and Reducing Total Cost in the Design Stage • Total Cost means cost to society so it includes the cost of problems in manufacturing and the cost of problems in the field.
- 12. The Quadratic Loss Function and the Typically Assumed Loss Function
- 13. Quality Loss Function • Quality Loss Function L(x) = k ( x - t )2 – L = the loss to society of a unit of output at value x – t = the ideal target value – k = constant • as non-conformance increases, losses increase even more rapidly
- 14. The Design Process is Divided • System Design – Choose the sub-systems, mechanisms, form of the prototype. • Parameter Design – Optimize the design, set up the design so that it improves quality and reduces cost • Tolerance Design – Study the tradeoffs that must be made and determine what tolerances and grades of materials are necessary
- 16. Parameter Design (Robust Design) • Optimize the settings of the design to minimize its sensitivity to noise – ROBUSTNESS. • Taguchi really opened a whole area that previously had been talked about only by a few very applied people. • His methodology is heavily dependent on design of experiments, but he wanted to look at not just the mean but also the variance.
- 17. Classification of Factors • Control Factors–Design factors that are to be set at optimal levels to improve quality and reduce sensitivity to noise – Dimensions of parts, type of material, etc • Noise Factors–Factors that represent the noise that is expected in production or in use – Dimensional variation – Operating Temperature • Adjustment Factor – Affects the mean but not the variance of a response – Deposition time in silicon wafer fabrication • Signal Factors – Set by the user to communicate desires of the user – Position of the gas pedal
- 19. Screening Designs Taguchi Designs Focus: Many Factors Output: List of Important Factors, Best Settings, Good Model
- 21. L8 array
- 22. Linear Graphs for L8 Array •Main effects are assigned to columns at nodes in the plot. •Interactions are assigned to the columns on the lines.
- 24. Montgomery (1997), Design and Analysis of Experiments, P. 631
- 25. Taguchi Designs Notation
- 26. Taguchi Orthogonal Array Tables • 2-level (fractional factorial) arrays – L4(23). L8(27), L16(215). L32(231), L64(263) • 2-level array – L12(211) (Plackett-Burman Design) • 3-level arrays – L9(34). L27(313), L81(340) • 4-level arrays – L16(45). L64(421) • 5-level array – L25(56) • Mixed-level arrays – L18(21x37), L32(21x49), L50(21x511) – L36(211x312), L36(23x313), L54(21x325)
- 27. Where is a list of Taguchi Designs? • DATAPLOT – L4.DAT – L8.DAT – L9.DAT – L12.DAT – L16.DAT – ETC. – TAGINDEX.DAT
- 28. Comments on Taguchi Design Selection Method • Assumes most interactions are small and those that aren’t are known ahead of time. – He claims that it is possible to eliminate these interactions either by correctly specifying the response and design factors or by using a sliding setting approach to those factor levels. • Doesn’t guarantee that we get highest resolution design. • Instead of designing the experiment to investigate potential interactions, Taguchi prefers to use three level factors to estimate curvature.
- 30. Analysis • Taguchi uses signal to noise ratios as response variables. – e.g. • It is often more informative to analyze mean and standard deviation separately (sd), rather than combine into a signal to noise ratio – analyze sd in the same manner that we have previously analyzed the mean. • Taguchi analysis techniques are often inefficient....
Notes de l'éditeur
- Animated title moves behind picture(Intermediate)To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in theDrawing group, clickShapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the ShapeHeight box, enter 3.17”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 9.5”.Drag the rectangle slightly above the middle of the slide. Select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Left.Under DrawingTools, on theFormat tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the next to ShapeOutline, and then click NoOutline.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Angle box, enter 0. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Orange, Accent 6, Darker 50% (fifth row, 10th option from the left).Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Orange, Accent 6, Darker 25% (fourth row, 10th option from the left).To reproduce the “heading” text box on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, select TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the heading text, and then select text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Calibri.In the FontSize box, enter 38.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under ThemeColors click Orange, Accent 6, Darker 25% (fourth row, 10th option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click AlignTextLeft.Drag the text box just above the rectangle, in the right half of the slide. To reproduce the second text box on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter three lines of text with paragraph breaks, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Calibri.In the FontSize list, select 28.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under ThemeColors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click the Paragraph dialog box launcher. In the Paragraph dialog box, do the following:On the Indents and Spacing tab, under General, select Left in the Alignment box.Under Spacing, select 12 in the After box.Drag the second text box onto the rectangle, below the “heading” text box. To reproduce the full-color picture on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Images group, clickPicture. In the InsertPicture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.On the slide, select the picture. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 5.08” and the widthis set to 2.61”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.Also in the Format Picturedialog box, click Glow and Soft Edges in the left pane, and then, in the Glow and Soft Edges pane, do the following:Under Glow, click the button next to Presets, and then click Blue, 5 pt glow Accent color 1 (first row, first option from the left).Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Drag the full-color picture on top of the rectangle, to the left of the text boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Top. To reproduce the second picture on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the InsertPicture dialog box, select the same picture, and then click Insert. On the slide, select the picture. On the slide, select the picture. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 2.44” and the widthis set to 2.61”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.On the slide, drag the new picture directly below the first one, and then, in the Format Picture dialog box, in the Crop tab, under Picture Position, adjust the Offset X and Offset Y settings to align the content of the two images so that they appear continuous.Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, click Picture Corrections in the left pane, and in the Picture Corrections pane, under Brightness and Contrast, do the following:In the Brightness box, enter 70%.In the Contrast box, enter -70%.Select the smaller picture. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Bottom. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both pictures. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Center. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:On the slide, select the “heading” text box. On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click AddAnimation, and then under Entrance click Fade.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 2. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Delay box, enter 1.5.On the slide, select the “heading” text box. On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click AddAnimation, and then under Motion Paths click Lines.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 2. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click EffectOptions, and then click Left.On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click EffectOptions, and then click Reverse Path Direction.On the slide, select the motion path for the “heading” text box,point to the starting point (green arrow) of the motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting pointabout 1.5” off the left edge of the slide. (Note: If your lines of text are longer than in the example above, you may need to further increase the length of the motion path. )On the slide, select the second text box. On the slide, select the “heading” text box. On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click AddAnimation, and then under Entrance click Fade.On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the Show Additional Effect Options dialog box launcher. In the Fade dialog box, do the following:On the Effect tab, in the Animate text list, select By Letter.In the % delay between letters box, enter 5.On the Timing tab, in the Start list, select AfterPrevious.In the Duration list, select 0.5 seconds (VeryFast).On the TextAnimation tab, in the Grouptext list, select By 1st Level Paragraphs.To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following:One the Design tab, in the Background group, click Background Styles, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until three stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%. Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 40%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%. Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 232, Green: 227, and Blue: 216.
- Picture with cutout artistic effects(Intermediate)To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.Select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the FormatPicture dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 4.42” and the widthis set to 10”.To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Top. Click Align Center.Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click ArtisticEffects, and then click Cutout (fifth row, first option from the left).Also under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click Color, and then under Recolor click Washout.On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select the same picture and then click Insert.Select the picture. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Format Picture dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image to focus on the main subject in the picture. (Example is set to 4.5” and the widthis set to 4.5”).To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click ArtisticEffects in the left pane, in the Artistic Effects pane, click the button next to Artistic Effect, and then click Cutout (fifth row, first option from the left). Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the LineStyle tab, do the following:In the Width box, enter 15 pt.In the Captype list, select Square.In the Jointype list, select Miter.Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the LineColor tab, click the button next to Color and click MoreColors. In the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 35, Green: 36, and Blue: 22.Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the Shadow tab, click the button next to Presets, and then under Inner click InsideCenter. Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the Glow and Soft Edges tab, under Glow, do the following:In the Size box, enter 11 pt. Click the button next to color and click MoreColors. In the Color dialog box, on the Custom tab, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 158, Green: 152, and Blue: 38 (or any lighter color that compliments your picture). Position the second picture over the matching area in the first picture.To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Rectangle.On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher.In the Format Shape dialog box, in the Size tab, enter 1.8” into the Height box and enter 10” into the Width box.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, in the Fill tab, select Gradientfill, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Angle box, enter 90°.Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 100%.Select the second stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, in the LineColor tab, select NoLine.Press and hold CTRL, and then select picture and rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Top. Click Align Center.Click Align Selected Objects.Click AlignBottom. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Rectangle.On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, enter 2.82” into the Height box and enter 10” into the Width box.Also under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeFill, point to Gradients, and then click MoreGradients. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the right pane, select Gradientfill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear. In the Angle box, enter 90. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until three stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop from left in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 0.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0. Select the second stop from left in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 30.Click the button next to Color, and then click MoreColors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 158, Green: 152, and Blue: 38. In the Transparency box, enter 46%. Select the third stop from left in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 100.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane, and in the right pane click NoLine.Position the second rectangle below the first rectangle, about 1/3 from the bottom of the slide.Select the second, color picture. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front.To reproduce the text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox, and then on the slide drag to draw your text box.Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select SegoePrint from the Font list, and then select 36 pt. from the FontSize list. Position the text box to the right of the second, smaller picture.
- Picture with cutout artistic effects(Intermediate)To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.Select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the FormatPicture dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 4.42” and the widthis set to 10”.To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Top. Click Align Center.Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click ArtisticEffects, and then click Cutout (fifth row, first option from the left).Also under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click Color, and then under Recolor click Washout.On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select the same picture and then click Insert.Select the picture. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Format Picture dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image to focus on the main subject in the picture. (Example is set to 4.5” and the widthis set to 4.5”).To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click ArtisticEffects in the left pane, in the Artistic Effects pane, click the button next to Artistic Effect, and then click Cutout (fifth row, first option from the left). Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the LineStyle tab, do the following:In the Width box, enter 15 pt.In the Captype list, select Square.In the Jointype list, select Miter.Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the LineColor tab, click the button next to Color and click MoreColors. In the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 35, Green: 36, and Blue: 22.Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the Shadow tab, click the button next to Presets, and then under Inner click InsideCenter. Also in the FormatPicture dialog box, in the Glow and Soft Edges tab, under Glow, do the following:In the Size box, enter 11 pt. Click the button next to color and click MoreColors. In the Color dialog box, on the Custom tab, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 158, Green: 152, and Blue: 38 (or any lighter color that compliments your picture). Position the second picture over the matching area in the first picture.To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Rectangle.On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher.In the Format Shape dialog box, in the Size tab, enter 1.8” into the Height box and enter 10” into the Width box.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, in the Fill tab, select Gradientfill, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Angle box, enter 90°.Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 100%.Select the second stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, in the LineColor tab, select NoLine.Press and hold CTRL, and then select picture and rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Top. Click Align Center.Click Align Selected Objects.Click AlignBottom. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Rectangle.On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, enter 2.82” into the Height box and enter 10” into the Width box.Also under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeFill, point to Gradients, and then click MoreGradients. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the right pane, select Gradientfill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear. In the Angle box, enter 90. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until three stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop from left in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 0.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0. Select the second stop from left in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 30.Click the button next to Color, and then click MoreColors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 158, Green: 152, and Blue: 38. In the Transparency box, enter 46%. Select the third stop from left in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 100.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane, and in the right pane click NoLine.Position the second rectangle below the first rectangle, about 1/3 from the bottom of the slide.Select the second, color picture. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front.To reproduce the text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox, and then on the slide drag to draw your text box.Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select SegoePrint from the Font list, and then select 36 pt. from the FontSize list. Position the text box to the right of the second, smaller picture.
- Animated picture buttons grow and turn on path(Advanced)To reproduce the curved shape on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Basic Shapes click Right Triangle (first row, fourth option from the left).On the slide, draw a triangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, enter 7.5” into the Height box and enter 4.75” into the Width box.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Middle. Click Align Left.On the slide, select the triangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Insert Shapes group, click Edit Shape, and then click Edit Points. Right-click the diagonal side of the triangle, and then click Curved Segment. Click the bottom right corner of the triangle and then move the curve adjustment handle to create a consistent curve.Also on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Also on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Outline, and then click No Outline.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Design tab, in the Background group, click Background Styles, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Angle box, enter 225.Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%. Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 230, Green: 230, Blue: 230.To reproduce the picture and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the arrow under Crop, click Crop to Shape, and then under Basic Shapes click Oval (first option from the left).With the picture still selected, under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 1.2” and the widthis set to 1.2”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then, in the 3-D Format pane, do the following:Under Bevel, click the button next to Top and click Circle (first row, first option from the left).Under Surface, click the button next to Material, and then under Standard click Metal (fourth option from the left). Click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral click Contrasting (second row, second option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 25°.Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click Offset Diagonal Bottom Left (first row, third option from the left), and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 77%.In the Size box, enter 100%.In the Blur box, enter 10 pt.In the Angle box, enter 141°.In the Distance box, enter 10 pt.On the slide, drag the picture onto the curve, near the top. On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box. On the slide, drag to draw the text box.Enter text in the text box and select it. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Corbel.In the Font Size box, enter 22.Click the arrow next to Font Color,and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (sixth row, first option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Align Text Left to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, drag the text box to the right of the picture. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:It will help to zoom out in order to view the area off the slide. On the View tab, in the Zoom group, click Zoom. In the Zoom dialog box, select 65%.On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click AddAnimation, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Moderate, click Grow & Turn, and then click OK.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 1. On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click AddAnimation, and then under Motion Paths click Arcs.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 1. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click EffectOptions, and then click Right.On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click EffectOptions, and then click Reverse Path Direction.On the slide, select the arc effect path, and then drag the bottom sizing handle below the bottom of the slide. Drag the right side sizing handle to the left until the path curve approximately matches the curve of the modified triangle. Drag the green rotation handle to the left to rotate the arc path to match the curve of the modified triangle. Drag the arc path so that the red arrow is in the center of the picture. You may need to make further adjustments to the length, width, and angle of the arc path to match the curve of the modified triangle.On the slide, select the text box. On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click AddAnimation, and then under Entrance click Fade.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 1. To reproduce the other animated pictures and text boxes on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Animation Pane. On the slide, press and hold CTRL and then select the picture and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow next to Copy, and then click Duplicate.On the slide, drag the duplicate picture and text onto the curve below the first group. On the slide, select the duplicate picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click ChangePicture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 1.2” and the widthis set to 1.2”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.In the AnimationPane, click the Arc animation effect for the new picture. Drag the green rotation handle to the right to rotate the arc path to match the curve of the modified triangle. Drag the arc path so that the red arrow is in the center of the picture.Click in the duplicate text box and edit the text.Repeat steps 2-7 two more times to reproduce the third and fourth pictures and text boxes with animation effects.
- Fly Through 3-D transition effect and pictures(Basic)To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.Select the picture. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 5.33” and the widthis set to 8”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.UnderPicture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click Rotated White.To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Block Arrows, click Left-Right Arrow (first row).On the slide, drag to draw a left-right arrow.Select the left-right arrow. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, enter 0.45” in the Height box and 3.65” in the Width box.Also on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, click Gradient fill, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Angle box, enter 0°.Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 5%.Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 15%.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, in the Line Color pane, click No line.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under Outer click Offset Center (second row).Also in the Format Shape dialog box, clickSize in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 354°.On the slide, select the shape. Begin typing to enter your text into the shape.Select the edge of the shape. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Corbel.In the Font Size list, select 20 pt.ClickFont Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row).Click Italic.Also on the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center.To reproduce the transition effects on this slide, do the following:On the Transitions tab, in the Transition to This Slide group, click More, and then click Fly Through.On the Transitions tab, in the Transition to This Slide, click Effect Options, and then click In with Bounce.Also on the Transitions tab, in the Timing group, do the following:Clear the On Mouse Click box.Select After, and then in the After box enter 2.00 seconds.To reproduce the second, third, and fourth slides, do the following:In the Slides pane, select the slide. On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click the arrow below New Slide, and then click Duplicate Selected Slides. Repeat this process until there are four slides.In the Slides pane, select the second slide. On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click Change Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.Also on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 9°.Select the shape. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 3°.In the Slides pane, select the third slide. On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click Change Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.Also on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 5°.Select the shape. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 359°.In the Slides pane, select the fourth slide. On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click Change Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.Also on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 8°.Select the shape. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box, enter 2°.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Design tab, in the Background group, click Background Styles, and then click Style 4.(Note: Selecting this background style will change the colors on the slide.)
- Picture with reflected caption(Basic)To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert. Under PictureTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 3.17” and the widthis set to 10”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Height, Width, Left, and Top boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the right pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes.Select the picture. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide. Click Align Top.Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click Picture Effects, point to Reflections, and then under Reflection Variations click Half Reflection, touching (first row, second option from the left). On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw the text box.Enter text in the text box, select the text, and then on the Home tab, in the Font group, select Impact from the Font list and then enter 42 in the Font Size box.On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Align Text Right to align the text right in the text box.Select the text box. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click Text Effects, point to Reflection, and then under Reflection Variations click Half Reflection, touching (first row, second option from the left). Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click the Format Text Effects dialog box launcher. In the Format Text Effects dialog box, click Text Fill in the left pane, select Solid fill in the Text Fill pane, and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 12%.On the slide, drag the text box onto the picture to position as needed. To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear on the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 10%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 99%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).