1. QUESTION BANK
MASTERS DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
TM
TRAINING AND ADVANCED STUDIES
IN MANAGEMENT & COMMUNICATIONS LTD.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE SEMESTER – END EXAMINATIONS
The format of the question papers will be as follows:
Each question paper is marked out of 75 marks.
All questions will carry equal marks.
There will be 8 questions in each paper.
Students are required to answer total no. of 5 questions.
Question no.1 and question no. 8 are compulsory questions.
From question no. 2 to 7 student must answer any 3 questions.
Q.no.1 is a case study or a numerical problem.
Q no.8 is a question on short notes on 5 topics out of which the student must answer any 3.

2. MDB 101: FOUNDATIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Q1. Mr. Arun had just graduated from Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Ahmedabad, and joined his
family’s small business, which employs 55 semi-skilled workers. After observing Arun during the
first week on the job, his father called him and said, “Arun, I have had chance to observe your
working with the workers for the past two days, and although I hate to say something, I must. You
are just too nice to people. I know you have learned human relations at the IIM, but it just does not
work here. I remember when Hawthorne Studies were first reported and everybody in that era, in the
academic field, got all excited about them, but believe me, there is more to managing people than
just being only nice to them.
Question:
1) Do you think Arun’s father understands and interprets Hawthorne Studies correctly?
2) Do you agree with Arun’s father?
Q2. The Manager of an engineering unit is informed on phone at midnight by the President of a local
labour union of the factory that there is tension in the factory and absence of prompt action may lead
to physical assault on the supervisor who has sent a worker home from work, charging him with
insubordination. Similar actions have been taken by the same supervisor against other workers in the
past. Also, in the past some supervisors have been physically assaulted. At the same time the
President of the local labour union of the factory is also known to grossly exaggerate the problem in
his reporting.
Questions:
1) What is the problem about?
2) What do you think would be the appropriate course of action for the Manager immediately and
in due course and also in future to avoid such situations?
Q3. Mr. Deepak is the manager of information systems in Deepa Corporation Ltd. In a discussion, he
tells his President that with the installation of modern computer system in the department,
availability of up-to-date information to all concerned and prompt exchange of information and
timely reports to all concerned could be expected. So control on all operations including control on
time at disposal was possible and therefore management of all the desired levels or standards was
going to be a reality. The president replied, "I do hope that you are right. But I am not so sure".
Questions:
a) Do you think the manager, Deepak is right? Why? Why not?
b) Do you think the President is right? Why? Why not?
c) What, if anything, should be done in your opinion, to ensure that "Management at desired level"
is a reality?
Q4. “Managing by objectives is nothing new in our police department ” said Commissioner Ram Tupe of
the Metropolitan Police. “ We have always established objectives towards which everyone in our
department strives. Our job is varied and diverse but encompasses the maintenance of law and order,
firmly but fairly. In addition, we have to protect human lives and property, and also be the
conscience of general welfare of the millions of people who inhabit our city and call it home. Every
man in our department is aware of these objectives and knows he has to strive towards it. I am fully
aware that, being a service operation, we can not be measured by yardsticks of profits, costs, sales,
or product output, as is done in manufacturing concerns. However, I reiterate very strongly that this
does not mean we are not managing by objectives. Ask anyone in my department.”
Commissioner Ram Tupe was speaking to a management consultant who had come to discuss ways
and means of improving the efficiency of the police force by introducing Management by Objectives
in his department.
Analyse the above incident in the context of MBO techniques.
Q.5 “Career planning is a joint responsibility of the employee and the management.” Do you agree with
this statement? Also explain the steps in career planning.
Q.6 What is ‘decision-making’? Explain the process of decision-making in a business organisation.
Q.7 Define the terms motivation and motivators. What are the special motivational techniques?
Q.8 What is MBO? Explain the concept and importance of MBO in a modern business organisation.

3. Q.9 “Authority-responsibility relationship is of extreme importance for the efficiency and effectiveness
of the manager”. Discuss.
Q.10 Discuss the meaning and nature of business communication. What are the barriers and breakdowns
in communication?
Q.11 What do you understand by external environment of business? Explain the features of technological
and political environment.
Q.12 Assess the role of F. W. Taylor and Henry Fayol in the development of Management Thought.
Q.13 Explain the concept of Line and Staff organisation. Discuss its features, merits and demerits.
Q.14 “Planning and Control are complementary to each other” - Elaborate this statement and explain the
process of Planning and Control.
Q.15 Describe the purpose, need and importance of communication. What are the barriers in
communication?
Q.16 Explain the concept of Total Quality Management. How is it useful in Business Management?
Q.17 Distinguish between Traditional Management and Professional Management?
Q.18 Describe the steps and administrative problems involved in Decision-Making.
Q.19 Discuss the need and nature of Planning. What are the important steps involved in the Planning
process?
Q.20 Give your opinion regarding the requirement of Education and Training to employees and also
discuss various methods of Training.
Q.21 Compare and contrast the contribution of F.W. Taylor and Henri Fayol.
Q.22 Discuss the importance of quality circles in the total quality management.
Q.23 Describe the steps and administrative problems involved in decision-making.
Q.24 Define ‘Group Dynamics’. Critically examine individual goals v/s group goals.
Q.25 What is departmentation? Explain in detail departmentation by functions and by products.
Q.26 Define leadership. What are the ingredients of leadership? Describe the various types and styles of
leadership?
Q.27 What do you mean by communication? Explain the process and need for different types of
communication.
Q.28 "Decision making is the primary task of the Manager". Explain the process of decision making in the
light of this statement.
Q.29 State the importance of quality circles in Total Quality Management.
Q.30 “Management is a blend of various factions which are independent as well as interdependent”-
Critically examines and explains the role of the manager in a modern business organization.
Q.31 Explain controlling as a function of management and describe briefly any three controlling
techniques used by management.
Q.32 Discuss the principles of management given by Henri Fayol and explain the universality of them.

4. Q.33 Explain the nature and importance of the planning process in a business organization. Discuss why
people fail in planning.
Q.34 Write short notes:
1. Steps in organisation. 12. Business Environment.
2. Importance of motivation 13. Total Quality Management.
3. Need of communication 14. Contribution of Henry Fayol.
4. Methods of training 15. Line Organisation.
5. Limitations of planning 16. Functions of a Manager.
6. Types of Planning 17. Control Process.
7. Control Process 18. Methods of Training.
8. Functions of a Manager 19. Quality Circles
9. Kinds of Tests. 20. Formal Organization.
10. Matrix Organization. 21. External Environment of Business.
11. Hierarchy of Needs.

5. MDB 102: QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR BUSINESS
Q.1 A nationalized bank wants to start a branch in your city. It has appointed you as a consultant to
suggest a Research Design to help in its decision-making. What research design would you suggest?
Give reasons.
Q.2 Explain the importance of report writing. Discuss the different steps in writing a research report.
Q.3 Compute the index numbers of price by a suitable method from the data given below:-
Base Year Current Year
Commodity Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 6 300 10 560
B 2 200 2 240
C 4 240 6 360
D 10 300 12 288
E 8 320 12 432
Q.4 Define the term hypothesis. What are its characteristic features? What is its importance in research?
Q.5 Discuss the various sources of data collection. State the importance of interview techniques in data
collection.
Q.6 a) Define Cumulative Frequency Curve and explain the construction of less than O give Curve.
b) Draw a less than O give Curve from the following data.
Marks : 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60
Students :3 9 15 30 18 5
Determine the value of Median and check the result by actual calculations.
Q.7 Discuss the meaning of Arithmetical Mean and Mode. Which is a better measure of Central
Tendency and why?
Q.8 What is an Index number? Define different types of Price Index Numbers.
Q.9 Explain the role and importance of Scientific Approach to Research.
Q.10 Write a detailed note on Research Methodology and Research Design.
Q.11 Draw a less than O give Curve from the following data
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No of Students 3 9 5 30 18 5
Determine the value of Median and check the result by actual calculations.
Q.12 Explain the term research. What are the kinds of Applied Social Research?
Q.13 Describe the planning and organisation of a Research Report. What are the important contents of a
research report?

6. Q.14 What is data collection? State the importance of Observation and Survey Method in data collection.
Q.15 a) Define cumulative frequency curve and explain the construction of less than ogive curve.
b) Draw a less than ogive curve from the following data:
Marks: 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60
No. of students: 3 9 15 30 18 5
Q.16 Explain the term arithmetic mean and mode. Which is the good measure of central tendency and
why?
Q.17 a) What is the meaning of regression. Explain regression lines and regression coefficients.
b) From the following data find two regression lines:
X : 60 65 69 74 79
Y : 132 145 160 179 189
Q.18 Define data analysis. Explain the process and importation of tabulation, codification and
interpretation of data.
Q.19 Discuss the need and importance of forecasting and correlation analysis in research.
Q.20 London Bank Ltd., London desires to start a branch in your city. You have been appointed a
consultant to make a survey and prepare a research design based on your survey, which would be
helpful for the bank management in taking a decision regarding setting up a branch in your city.
Explain the research design and the process of the research design.
Q.21 Discuss the meaning of probability. Explain briefly the nature and functions of marginal, joint and
conditional probability.
Q.22 Explain the concept of quantitative techniques. What are the quantitative methods? State their
advantages.
Q.23 Describe the nature and scope of frequency distribution. Give the meaning of relative and
cumulative frequency and its application in business statistics.
Q.24 What is a research report? Discuss the formal and graphical presentation of data in a research
report?
Q.25 Age distributions of the following 180 workers are given:
Age (years) Below 30 30-40 40-50 50-60 above 60.
20 35 50 45 30
Find an appropriate measure of central tendency? Also state its importance.
Q.26 Define sampling. Discuss the theory and types of sampling.
Q.27 What is a research project? Explain the purpose, objectives and limitations of a research project.
Q.28 Explain the term tabulation. What are the various parts of a statistical table?
Q.28 What do you understand by mean deviation and standard deviation? Briefly explain its role in
quantitative methods.

7. Q.29 Write short notes on any three of the following:
1. Operations Research. 12. Role of Tabulation.
2. Types of Hypothesis. 13. Quantitative Methods
3. Research Report. 14. Conditional Probability
4. Correlation Coefficient. 15. Research Design
5. Hypothesis. 16. Data Sources.
6. Ogive Curve. 17. Frequency Distribution
7. Systems Analysis. 18. Population Parameters.
8. Standard Deviation. 19. Stratified Random Sampling.
9. Methods of data collection. 20. Qualities of a good questionnaire.
10. Index number. 21. Regression analysis.
11. Business statistics.

8. MDB 103: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES
Q.1. Mr. Amol, manufacturer of an electronic product, sells his product at Rs.10/- each, variable cost
being Rs.4/- per unit and fixed cost amounting to Rs.60, 000/-.
1) Calculate the Break Even Point.
2) What will be the profit if Mr. Amol sells 30,000 units?
3) What will be the BEP, if Mr. Amol spends Rs.6000/- on advertising?
4) Calculate the amount of sales for making a profit of Rs.30, 000/-.
Q.2 Prepare a batch cost sheet for Poona Company Ltd., from the details given below:
Particulars Rs.
Opening Stock of Materials. 5000.00
Purchases 135000.00
Freight 2500.00
Wages 12000.00
Factory Cost 55000.00
Office Expenses 25500.00
Selling Cost 12500.00
Postage and Telephone 2100.00
Factory Light and Power 5500.00
Closing Stock of Materials 3000.00
Transportation Cost 16500.00
Sales Commission 4250.00
Total Sales 395000.00
Calculate the prime cost, factory cost, cost of production and net profit of the company.
Q.3 A Ltd. is considering two projects for investment purpose. Only one of which can be accepted. The
data in respect of these two are given below:
Project X (Rs.) Project Y ( Rs.)
Outlay 10,000 50, 000
Net Inflow (yearly)
1 5,000 10,000
2 5,000 15,000
3 3,000 25,000
4 2,000 25,000
5 1,500 21,000
10 % Discount Factor Year 1 2 3 4 5
Value 0. 909 0.826 0.751 0.681 0.621
Calculate:
1) The payback period.
2) Net present value at 10%
3) Suggest which project should be selected by the firm.
Q.4 Compute price, usage and mix variances from the data given below:
STANDARD ACTUAL
Quantity Unit Price Total Quantity Unit Price Total
Kgms. Rs. Rs. Kgms. Rs. Rs.
Material A 6 1.50 9.00 5 2.40 12.00
Material B 2 3.50 7.00 1 6.00 6.00
Total 8 2.00 16.00 6 3.00 18.00

9. Q.5 The following is the Trading and Profit and Loss Account of ABC Ltd. Company for the year ended
31st March 2000.
Trading Profit and Loss Account
Particulars Rs. Particulars Rs.
To Stock 76,250.00 By Sales 5,00,000.00
To Purchase 3,15,250.00 By Stock 98,500.00
To Carriage 2,000.00
To Wages 5,000.00
To Gross Profit 2,00,000.00
_______________ _____________
5,98,500.00 5,98,500.00
__________________ ________________
To Administrative Expenses 1,01,000.00 By Gross Profit 2,00,000.00
To Finance Expenses By Non-Operating income
Interest 1200 Interest 1500
Discount 2400 Dividend 3750
Bad Debts 3400 7,000.00 Profit on sale
of Shares 750
To Selling Expenses 12,000.00 6,000.00
To Non-Operating Expenses
Loss on Sale of
Securities 350
Legal suit
Provision 1650 2,000.00
To Net Profit 84,000.00
________________ _________________
2,06,000.00 2,06,000.00
______________ ______________
Calculate 1) Expenses Ratio
2) G.P. Ratio
3) N.P. Ratio
4) Operating Net Profit Ratio
5) Stock Turnover Ratio
6) Operating Ratio
Q.6 You are required to calculate from the following data:
a. Gross Profit Ratio b. Net Profit Ratio
c. Return on total assets d. Inventory Turnover
e. Working Capital Turnover f. Net Worth to Debt
Particulars Rs.
Sales 25, 20, 000 = 00
Cost of Sales 19, 20, 000 = 00
Net Profit 3, 60, 000 = 00
Inventory 8, 00, 000 = 00
Other current assets 7, 60, 000 = 00
Fixed assets 14, 40, 000 = 00
Net Worth 15, 00, 000 = 00
Debt 9, 00, 000 = 00
Current Liabilities 6, 00, 000 = 00

10. Q.7 What does management accounting mean? Explain briefly, its scope, nature and advantages.
Q.8 “The budgets for tomorrow never work out just as planned. Conditions always change, so why make
them.”- Comment.
Q.9 What is marginal costing? Discuss its usefulness in managerial decisions.
Q.10 What is capital budgeting? What are the methods of capital budgeting? Discuss in detail.
Q.11 What do you understand by ‘cost-volume profit relationship? Explain its importance in business
management.
Q.12 Discuss the need and objectives of budgeting and budgetary control.
Q.13 What is standard costing? State the advantages of a standard cost system.
Q.14 Discuss the meaning and nature of ratio analysis. State the role and importance of liquidity and
solvency ratio.
Q.15 Explain the concept of marginal costing. Enumerate the circumstances when it may be necessary to
sell at or below the marginal cost.
Q.16 What do you understand by profit and loss account and balance sheet? State their importance in
managerial accounting.
Q.17 “A sound costing system must place the same emphasis on cost control as on cost ascertainment”
Comment on this statement.
Q.18 “Management Accounting is the presentation of accounting information in such a way as to assist
management in the creation of policy and in the day to day operations of the undertaking”: -
Elucidate this statement.
Q.19 Explain the meaning of financial statements, discussing their nature, importance and limitations.
Q.20 What do you understand by cost-volume-profit relationship? Why is this relationship important in
business management?
Q.21 What do you understand by Financial Planning? Also explain the elements of Planning Process.
Q.22 "These Budgets for tomorrow never work as planned, conditions always change; so, why bother to
make them?" Explain and enumerate the points, which you would make with the argument expressed
in the above quotation.
Q.23 Explain the meaning of a Report and the necessity of Reporting to the Management. What are the
general Principles of Reporting?
Q.24 "Ratio Analysis is a tool in the hands of Management for measuring achievements in efficiency and
guiding for future business policy" - Explain.
Q.25 What is Standard Costing? What preliminaries will have to be compiled with before introducing a
technique of Standard Costing?
Q.26 What are Accounting Principles? Give the rules for debit and credit in accounting process.
Q.27 Define the term Variances. What are the kinds of Variances? How are they useful in cost control?

11. Q.28 Elaborate the concept of Break-Even-Point. Discuss the areas where the technique of Break-Even-
Analysis can be applied.
Q.29 Write short notes on any three of the following:
1. Reporting System 12. Batch costing.
2. Pay Back Method 13. Rules for debit and credit.
3. Margin of Safety 14. Liquidity and solvency ratio.
4. Manufacturing Account 15. Planning process.
5. Importance of Balance Sheet 16. Accounting Rules.
6. Variances. 17. Process Costing.
7. Solvency Ratios. 18. Reporting Systems in Management
8. Production Budget. Accountancy.
9. Capital Gearing. 19. Financial Planning.
10. Break-Even analysis 20. Sales and Purchase Journal
11. Intangible assets.

12. MDB 104: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Q1. Explain the characteristics of MIS?
Q2. What is the role of Executive Information System?
Q3. Briefly explain the evolution of MIS?
Q4. Describe the various types of management information systems.
Q5. What is Office Automation? Describe some of the areas in office automation.
Q6. Describe the role of management information systems in a business organisation.
Q7. Mention the importance of Management Information Systems.
Q8. Distinguish between MIS and Business Data Processing.
Q9. Discuss the structure of Management Information System on the basis of operating elements of an
information system.
Q10. Explain with the help of a suitable diagram the conceptual structure of a Management Information
System.
Q11. What is public information system? How is it different from private information system?
Q12. “Planning information is different from control information.” Do you agree?
Q13. Information requirements of top management are different from that of bottom level management”.
Substantiate.
Q14. How does MIS provide decision support to top management?
Q15. What are the physical components of MIS?
Q16. What is systems integration? What are the methods of system integration?
Q17. “MIS is a confederation of subsystems”. Elaborate.
Q18. “The physical structure of MIS need not be the same as the conceptual structure.” Do you agree?
Q19. How does information requirement change with levels of management?
Q20. What are the characteristics of Information?
Q21. What is data reduction? How is it done?
Q22. How do you determine the value of Information?
Q23. How do you assess the quality of Information? What factors affect the quality of Information?
Q24. Describe how an analysis of the organisation system is important to information system
development?
Q25. What are the methods of decoupling of system?

13. Q26. Describe the elements of negative feedback control system?
Q27. What is law of requisite variety?
Q28. Explain how the system concepts are useful in designing and implementing MIS?
Q29. Explain the important system characteristics?
Q30. What do you understand by systems approach to problem solving? How is it applicable to installation
of MIS?
Q31. Explain the phases of MIS development and implementation in detail.
Q32. Discuss the key issues and management challenges in MIS.
Q33. What do you mean by Technical evaluation? Why evaluation is important in MIS implementation?
Q34. Identify three common types of Personnel Administration Data Systems and list the important files
involved. Describe briefly the personnel status reporting System.
Q35. Name all the subsystems of Personnel Administration Data Systems. Explain Placement data system.
Q36. What is the purpose of Personnel Administration Data System? Mention the three Common types of
Personnel Administration Data System and list the important files involved.
Q37. What are the systems involved in personnel action data systems.
Q38. What is the basic function of the payment system? Describe briefly the five data groups involved in
any payment system.
Q39. Identify the groups of data, which constitute payment systems.
Q40. Explain the three sets of procedures of payroll system.
Q41. Explain the basic functions of accounts payable systems.
Q42. Explain briefly the accounts payable system with reference to the important files and procedures
involved.
Q43. What are the basic functions of the accounts receivable system with reference to the important files
and procedures involved?
Q44. What is the major purpose of financial control data systems?
Q45. Explain the basic functions of financial control data systems. Describe briefly the processing system
need in financial control data system to update the general ledger.
Q46. Examine the role of general ledger in financial control data systems.
Q47. Explain the procedures involved in updating the general ledger accounts.
Q48. Why do you require processing systems in the financial control data systems? Explain the role of
processing systems in functioning of financial control data systems.
Q49. Describe briefly the processing systems needed in financial control data systems to update the
general ledgers and to produce financial reports.

14. Q50. Explain in detail the reporting system in financial control data systems.
Q51. Explain the purpose and contents of fixed assets file.
Q52. Examine the role of cost center file in enhancing the effectiveness of responsibility accounting.
Q53. How does the financial control systems provide financial status and status change information to
management, investors and government agencies? Explain.
Q54. Discuss the role of various subsystems of operation data systems.
Q55. What are the different ways in which data systems can support operations?
Q56. What you mean by product catalogue file? List the contents.
Q57. Examine the contents of inventory file with particular reference to effective management of
inventory in an organization. List all the data items.
Q58. Discuss the contents and the role of forecast allocation file in improving the effectiveness of planning
function.
Q59. Discuss the purpose and content of work order file.
Q60. Examine the contents of vendor file and customer file.
Q61. List the main data items in the shipment file.
Q62. Discuss operation file, production control file and purchasing file. List the data items.
Q63. Describe briefly receipts file and purchase contents file.
Q64. Explain the purpose of quotation systems. Discuss the files and procedures involved.
Q65. Describe the order entry system and order processing system with reference to the files and
procedures involved. Highlight the role played y computer applications in these systems.
Q66. What are the basic functions of MRP system? Describe the role of each at the subsystems involved
in MRP. Highlight the role of computers in MRP system.
Q67. Discuss materials resource planning (MRPII) in detail.
Q68. Describe briefly the purchase order system with reference to the files and procedures involved.
Q69. Mention the procedures involved in operation data collection system.
Q70. Describe the major operation data systems found in a manufacturing organization.
Q71. Mention the purpose of Marketing planning systems.
Q72. Briefly explain the files involved in marketing planning systems.
Q73. Discuss the marketing planning system and highlight the role played by computers in this system?

15. Q74. How does the marketing planning system help the management to deal with uncertainties in
marketing?
Q75. Discuss the subsystems involved in logistics planning system. How the subsystem supports logistics
planning.
Q76. Briefly explain Optimal Facilities Location Programs (OFLP), shop load projector and inventory
policy evaluator.
Q77. Write short notes on:
1. Management Information System 9. Security and International issues in
2. The scope of MIS MIS
3. Basic subsystems of MIS 10. Information network
4. DSS 11. MIS Planning
5. IRM 12. MIS Design
6. Expert System 13. MIS Implementation
7. The subsystems of MIS. 14. Economic Evaluation
8. The Pyramid structure of MIS. 15. Information

16. MDB 105: ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Q1. What is demand forecasting? Explain the various methods of demand forecasting? State their merits
and demerits?
Q2. How is the demand for new products estimated? Discuss the role of price and elasticity of price in
determining the price of a new product.
Q3. Explain the term break-even-analysis. Discuss the importance of break-even-analysis in managerial
economics.
Q4. What is meant by monopolistic competition? How does a firm take its pricing and output decisions
in the short-run?
Q5. “Trade cycle is a purely momentary phenomenon” - Do you agree with this statement? Explain your
views in detail.
Q6. Describe the meaning and nature of the decision making process. What are the factors influencing
managerial decisions?
Q7. What is production function? Critically examine the law of variable proportion.
Q8. What is Managerial Economics? Discuss the nature and scope of managerial economics.
Q9. Define Demand. What are the techniques of demand forecasting?
Q10. Explain the need and importance of capital budgeting and the methods of preparing and evaluating
the capital budgets by managers.
Q11. Discuss the meaning of Production Cost. Explain the various elements of Product Cost Analysis.
Q12. What is Pricing? What are the different factors affecting the price of a product?
Q13. How will you calculate and use the marginal cost and break-even-cost in different market conditions.
Q14. Describe the various types of Demands. What are the methods of Demand Analysis.
Q15. What do you understand by theory of Price Determination? Explain how price and output decisions
of a firm are taken under perfect conditions in the long run.
Q16. Describe the importance of Capital Budgeting to the management of a Business Organisation.
Q17. Define Law of Demand. Explain briefly the Income Elasticity of Demand.
Q18. Distinguish between Accounting Costs and Economic Costs.
Q19. Briefly discuss the meaning, nature and scope of Managerial Economics.
Q22. Explain the meaning and nature of decision-making. What are the factors influencing managerial
decisions.
Q23. What is elasticity of demand? State its practical uses.
Q24. What is meant by cost? Distinguish between accounting costs and economic costs.

17. Q25. Describe the importance of capital budgeting to business organisation. What are the various methods
of evaluating alternative investment decisions?
Q26. Explain briefly the price theory and their factors.
Q27. Discuss in detail the meaning, nature and scope of managerial economics.
Q28. “Static analysis is different from the dynamic analysis.” Comment.
Q29. What are the various types of demand? Explain their merits.
Q30. What is managerial economics? Explain the nature and scope of managerial economics.
Q31. Explain briefly the price elasticity of demand. Discuss how it is measured and describe its practical
significance in decision-making.
Q32. What is price discrimination? Mention the forms of price discrimination.
Q33. Discuss the meaning of demand forecasting. What are the different methods of demand forecasting?
Q34. What do you understand by capital budgeting? Describe the methods of capital budgeting and their
principles.
Q35. Explain the importance of ‘time element’ in the determination of price.
Q36. Discuss the meaning of elasticity of demand. Explain the various types of price elasticity of
demand.
Q37. Explain the concept of managerial economics. Discuss the nature and scope of managerial
economics.
Q38. What does managerial decision making mean? How does economic theory help the process of
decision-making?
Q39. What are the principles of capital budgeting?
Q40. Write short notes:
1. Price Theory. 13. Pay Back Method.
2. Accounting Cost and Economic Cost. 14. Types of demand.
3. Cash Budget. 15. Break-even price.
4. Production Functions. 16. Methods of forecasting.
5. Demand Elasticity. 17. Cost-plus Pricing.
6. Pricing policy. 18. Input-out Analysis.
7. Types of demand. 19. Opportunity Cost.
8. Scope of managerial economics. 20. Marginal Utility.
9. Accounting cost. 21. Incremental Pricing.
10. Capital budgeting. 22. Break-Even- Analysis.
11. Price and Market Conditions. 23. Market Price and Cost Price.
12. Total Cost and Marginal Cost.

18. MDB 106: CORPORATE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Q.1 Laxmi Plastic is considering replacing one of its plastic molding machines with a new more efficient
machine. The old machine has a book value of Rs. 40,000 and can be sold today to net Rs. 16,000 or
it can be sold in five years to net Rs. 10,000. The old machine is being depreciated on straight-line
basis at Rs. 8,000 a year, down to a zero book value. The existing machine can run for 5 more years
producing annual revenues of Rs. 1,20,000 with cash expenses of Rs. 60,000. The replacement
machine will cost Rs. 1,00,000 plus Rs. 40,000 to transport it to the factory and install it. It will
generate revenues of Rs. 1,80,000 but will have cash expenses of Rs. 80,000. It will be depreciated
using the straight-line method over a 5-year period, at which time it will have a book value of Rs.
40,000 and cash salvage value of Rs. 50,000. The replacement machine will require additional
working capital of Rs. 10,000 to be tied up permanently. The company is in the 50% tax bracket.
What is the differential after tax cash flow stream?
Prepare a Cash Budget for the three months ended 30th September 2000 based on the following
information.
Cash Balance on 1st July 2000 Rs. 50,000
Monthly Salary Rs. 10,000
Interest Payable - August 2000 Rs. 5,000
Estimated June July August September
Cash Sales (Rs.) - 1,40,000 1,52,000 1,21,000
Credit Sales (Rs.) 1,00,000 80,000 1,40,000 1,20,000
Purchase (Rs.) 1,60,000 1,70,000 2,40,000 1,80,000
Other Expenses - 20,000 22,000 21,000
Credit sales are collected 50% in the month of the sales and 50% in the following month.
Collection from Debtors is subject to-
- 5% discount, if payment are received during the month of sales.
- 2.5 % discount, if payments are received in the month following the sales.
Creditors are paid either on a "Prompt" or "30 days" basis. It is estimated that 10 % of the
creditors are in the prompt category.
Q.2 Shri Ganesh has given the sales forecast for January to July 1995 and actual sales for November,
December 1994 were as under. With other particulars given, prepare a Cash Budget for five months,
January 1995 to May 1995.
Sales Rs.
November 1994 80,000
December 1994 70,000
January 1995 80,000
February 1995 1,00,000
March 1995 80,000
April 1995 1,00,000
May 1995 90,000
June 1995 1,20,000
July 1995 1,00,000
Sales 20% Cash and 80% Credit payable in the third month (Jan, sales in March)
Variable expenses 5% on turnover time lag 1/2 month.
Commission 5% on credit sales payable in the third month.
Purchase 60% of the sales of third month.
Payment 3rd month of purchase.
Rent and other expenses Rs. 3000/- paid every month.
Other payments: Fixed Assets purchased - March Rs. 50,000.
Taxes April Rs. 20,000.
Opening Cash Balance Rs. 25,000.

19. Q.3 What do you understand by financial statements? Discuss the utility and limitations of financial
statements.
Q.4 Compare and contrast equity shares and debentures as a source of long-term funds.
Q.5 Describe the major deviations of the commercial system of audit and accounts as compared to the
Government system of audit and accounts.
Q.6 Define capital budgeting. What are the important steps involved in a capital budgeting process?
Q.7 Discuss the meaning and importance of optimum capital structure. Elaborate the significance of the
same.
Q.8 Explain the various determinants of dividend policy and briefly explain the features of Walter's
Model.
Q.9 Describe the major deviations of the commercial systems of Audit and Accounts as compared with
the Government system of Audit and Accounts
Q.10 How do you measure the cost of Equity Capital? "Equity Capital is cost free," do you agree? Give
reasons.
Q.11 Explain the significance and limitations of Debentures as a source of Financing.
Q.12 "Inadequacy of Working Capital may lead to bankruptcy of a business earning huge profit"- do you
agree with this statement? Give the causes of this possible situation.
Q.13 Discuss the role of the manager in Corporate Planning and explain the steps involved in Corporate
Planning.
Q.14 "Wealth Maximization Objective is superior to the Profit Maximization". Do you agree with this
statement? Justify your point of view.
Q.15 Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of over-capitalization and under-capitalization from the
point of view of a company and its shareholders.
Q.16 What is meant by Debentures? What are the various kinds of debentures? Also discuss the
limitations of Debenture Finance.
Q.17 Explain in detail the difference between Government Accounting and Commercial Accounting
Functions. Also state the objectives of Government Audit.
Q.18 What are the methods of Project Evaluation? Explain the merits and demerits of Pay Back Method?
Q.19 Discuss the meaning and nature of Working Capital Management. State the two important issues in
formulating the Working Capital Policy.
Q.20 What is Cash Budget? What are the major motives of holding cash?
Q.21 What is “Operating Cycle Concept” of working capital? Is it superior to the balance sheet approach?
Illustrate your answer with the help of an example.
Q.22 Define the term capitalisation and explain the effects of over capitalisation and under capitalisation.
Q.23 Briefly explain the general structure of financial administration. Also state the difference between
government and commercial accounting functions.

20. Q.24 What is cash management? What are the determinants of optimum cash balance?
Q.25 Explain the major sources of finance. State the significance of cost of capital in financial decision-
making.
Q.26 Discuss the objectives of credit management. What is an optimum credit policy?
Q.27 “Walter’s Model is the best model for determination of dividend policy.” Do you agree with this
statement? Explain your point of view and also comment on the advantages and limitations of
Walter’s Model.
Q.28 What are the goals of credit management? Explain the optimum credit policy and credit procedures
for individual accounts.
Q.29 Define the term capitalisation. Explain the meaning of under-capitalisation and over-capitalisation.
Discuss the causes, effects and remedies of under-capitalisation.
Q.30 What are the goals and objectives of financial management? Write a note on the changing role of
the financial manager.
Q.31 Explain the features of an appropriate capital structure. What are the major determinants of capital
structure?
Q.32 What is inventory management? Discuss the techniques of selective inventory control.
Q.33 Explain the difference between government and commercial accounting functions and audit
procedures.
Q.34 “Finance as a functional area is usually relegated to a support role in non-financial organisations”.
Discuss this statement in the light of objectives of management finance.
Q.35 What is capital structure? What are the major determinants of capital structure?
Q.36 Define and explain the concept of working capital. What are the different approaches of working
capital?
Q.37 What is goodwill valuation? What are the factors affecting the value of goodwill?
Q.38 Discuss the meaning and objectives of auditing. Explain the role and powers of the Controller and
Auditor General.
Q.39 What is lease finance? What are the forms of lease finance? Explain the tax considerations of lease
finance.
Q.40 Write short notes on any three of the following:
1. Degree of Financial Leverage. 10. Importance of Cash Forecasting.
2. Over-Capitalisation. 11. Lease finance.
3. Cost of Credit Policy. 12. Types of debentures.
4. Inventory Management. 13. Bonus shares.
5. Dividend Policy. 14. Valuation of goodwill.
6. Types of Shares. 15. Equity Shares and Preference Shares
7. Capital Rationing. 16. Selective Inventory Control
8. ABC Analysis. 17. Determinants of Dividend Policy
9. Planning and Control of Capital 18. Safety Stock.
Expenditure. 19. Goals of Financial Management.

21. MDB 107: PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Q.1 Your factory buys and uses a component for production at Rs.10 per piece. The annual requirement
is 2,000 numbers carrying cost of inventory is 10 % per annum, and ordering cost is Rs.40 per order.
The purchase manager argues that as the ordering cost is very high it is advantageous to place a
single order for the entire annual requirement. He also says that, if we order 2,000 numbers at a time
we can get a 3% discount from the supplier. Evaluate this proposal and make your recommendation.
Q.2 What is meant by quality circles? Explain in brief the benefits of quality circles in quality
management.
Q.3 Describe the various objectives of production planning and control and also explain the functions of
routing, scheduling, and dispatching.
Q.4 What do you mean by materials management? State the various elements of materials management.
Q.5 Explain briefly the meaning and nature of cost planning and control. Give its importance in
production management.
Q.6 What is meant by factory automation? State the role of computers in factory automation.
Q.7 Discuss the meaning of project management. Explain the importance of project management for cost
estimation?
Q.8 Compare Production Planning and Production Control. State their objectives with suitable
illustrations.
Q.9 What is meant by programming of CNC machine? What are the programming methods and
languages available for this purpose?
Q.10 Distinguish between Revenue and Capital Budgets. Prepare a typical revenue and capital budget for
a bakery unit.
Q.11 Explain the functions of a Plant Maintenance Department. What are the techniques for planning the
workload of a maintenance department?
Q.12 What are the uses of computers in Production Planning and Control Department? Explain the
functions of any three PPC Modules.
Q.13 An inventory system for supplies has been using a perpetual inventory system, but with arbitrarily
defined order quantities. Recently, the paper work due to order transactions has begun to increase,
and the boss is looking for a way to control this trend. One suggestion was to increase in order
quantities of 25% for all items.
A) Explain why this will reduce paper work.
B) Explain why this will increase inventory.
C) Suggest a method for reducing paper work without increasing total Inventory cost.
Q.14 Describe briefly the importance, scope and responsibility of Quality Control in production
management.
Q.15 Draw an organisational chart of Production Management indicating the place of it in an overall
organisation and discuss major responsibilities of a Production Manager.
Q.16 A Company demands 1,00,000 Units of materials which costs Rs. 20 per Unit. Ordering cost is
Rs. 200 per order and carrying cost is 15% per year.

22. 1) Find out EOQ and total inventory including the cost of the materials.
2) Sketch the relevant Inventory cycle.
Q.17 What are the various elements of Production Planning and Control? State the significance of
Production Planning in factory management.
Q.18 Define the term 'Work Measurement'. What is its importance in Production? Discuss the various
techniques of Work Measurement.
Q.19 The plant manager is calling you, the purchasing agent on the telephone, about production hold ups.
He says that several jobs are being held up in the factory because of the failure of delivery of
purchased parts. The plant manager has called the supplier, who has told him that the supplier could
easily have got the parts delivered if he had only known that they were needed.
The problem occurred, because of production trouble with materials, therefore an unusual number of
items were spoiled in process and more were needed.
The factory’s production control department, being forbidden to call suppliers directly, had called
the buyer in the purchasing department asking for a rushed shipment. But the buyer was absent for
two days and he did not get the call and none gave him the message.
Questions:
1) Analyse the case systematically
2) Should the factory’s production control department ever call suppliers directly? What reasons
are there for and against their doing this?
Q.20 Define materials management. Explain its importance and discuss the various activities carried out
by materials management.
Q.21 Briefly explain the purpose of budgeting in a production organisation. How are production budgets
prepared?
Q.22 Describe the various elements of the cost of an engineering product, bringing out the concept of
fixed and variable costs.
Q.23 What are the methods adopted to monitor and control production? What are the documents used for
this purpose?
Q.24 Explain the meaning, nature and scope of production management. Also describe how products are
classified.
Q.25 What factors are taken into consideration while selecting plant layout? Distinguish between fixed
position layout and line layout.
Q.26 What is project management? How does it differ from product management?
Q.27 Explain the concept of Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Discuss the computer technologies and
developments, which are responsible for the evolution of CIM.
Q.28 What is quality management? Explain the role and importance of quality circles in quality control.
Q.29 A manufacturer of motorcycles buys spark plugs at Rs 15 each. Now he wishes to manufacture the
plugs himself. The estimated fixed cost for the manufacture of spark plugs is around Rs. 50,000 and
the variable cost comes to Rs. 5 per spark plug.
Q.30 The production manager advises the manufacturer regarding the decision of manufacturing the spark
plugs instead of procuring them from the open market.
List out reasons for his decision.

23. Q.31 Explain the role of computers in factory automation. How will you make use of the flexible
manufacturing system in factory automation?
Q.32 Define the term quality management and explain the evolution of quality control and the role played
by statistical quality control in it.
Q.33 What is budgetary control? Discuss the objectives of working capital budget.
Q.34 Define the concept of inventory control. Explain its objectives and importance in production
management.
Q.35 Write short notes on any three of the following:
1. Manpower Planning. 13. SWOT analysis.
2. Operational Research. 14. Production processes.
3. Shop Process. 15. Master process sheet.
4. Role of Supervision in Quality Control. 16. Stores Inventory Control.
5. Inventory Control. 17. Quality Circles.
6. Product Design and Research. 18. Risk Analysis.
7. Project Cost. 19. Performance Budgeting
8. Safety Engineering. 20. Bath Tub Control
9. Work Study. 21. Rejection and Rework
10. CAD and CAM Systems 22. Methods of Planning
11. Project life cycle. 23. Factory Automation
12. PERT network. 24. Purchase budget.

24. MDB 108: MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Q.1 Baramati Textile (P) Ltd. are manufacturers of “Dhoti” in rough and premium quality. Their sales
are confined mostly to the rural markets in Maharashtra. For the last three years their sales are
declining. There are at least three other textile units manufacturing and selling Dhotis in the same
market.
As a marketing manager, devise the marketing research plan to investigate the reasons for the
decline in sales.
Q.2 What is physical distribution? What channels of distribution would you select for marketing soft
drinks? Give reasons for the selection.
Q.3 Discuss the meaning and nature of marketing organisations. What are the different types of
marketing organisations?
Q.4 “Advertising sells the product”- Do you agree with this statement? In the light of this statement
explain the functions performed by advertising.
Q.5 What is a marketing system? What are its components?
Q.6 What do you mean by marketing environment? Explain the characteristics of marketing
environment.
Q.7 Explain briefly the meaning and scope of product decisions? What are the various product decisions?
Q.8 Mr. B. Ramesh has passed his M.D. examination recently and is desirous of starting a paediatric
clinic in Pune. Since medical practitioners are not allowed to advertise their services, he has a
concern to get established as early as possible in lieu of heavy investment in land building and
equipments.
His younger brother Mr. B. Suresh is undergoing a MBA programme in a foreign University and is
excited with the basic knowledge in marketing and always talks about it.
After listening much from Suresh, Ramesh asks him to prepare a total plan for promotional strategies
he would use in order to achieve his objective.
Questions:
1) If you were Suresh, how would you prepare the promotional strategies applying your basic
knowledge in marketing?
2) Enumerate important factors to be considered while developing a marketing plan for medical
services.
3) Which modern media is available to medical practitioners to promote themselves and their
services?
Q.9 What is marketing management? Discuss the responsibilities of a marketing manager.
Q.10 What do you mean by the term “Buyer Behaviour”? Why is it a problem solving behaviour?
Q.11 What is the basis for market segmentation? Describe the people oriented approach in segmentation.
Q.12 What are the typical pricing objectives? Describe the various internal and external forces that
influence the pricing strategy of a firm.
Q.13 What do you understand by marketing planning? How would you plan for the launch of a new brand
of two-wheelers?

25. Q.14 Describe the need and importance of product development in marketing management. Also state the
role of branding and packaging in product development.
Q.15 The Indian two-wheeler market is broadly segmented into scooters, motorcycles, scooterettes and
mopeds. Till 1980 the market share of scooter in two wheeler markets was more than fifty percent
followed by motorcycles and mopeds. The slow growth of motorcycles till 1980 was due to
customer perception that motorcycles are less fuel-efficient. But with the introduction of the 4-stroke
technology in motorcycles, the growth rate of motorcycles market share is increasing year after year.
There are following players in the two-wheeler market:
In the scooter category there are two players - Bajaj Auto and LML Ltd., manufacturing various
types of scooters?
In the motorcycles category there is Hero Honda, Escorts, Yamaha, Bajaj Kawasaki and TVS
Suzuki. In mopeds and scooterettes category there are Kinetic Engg, TVS Mopeds and Hero
Motors etc.
In each of the broad category of scooters, motorcycles and mopeds every company is trying to offer
various variants of products so as to appeal different market segments.
Every company has tried to position itself distinctly over its competitors in the market.
You are appointed as the market analyst by the Two Wheeler Manufacturers Association for
analysing market segmentation and position strategy of various companies.
Analyse the above case:
1) What are the bases of segmentation of markets?
2) What market segmentation and position strategy has Hero Honda adopted in introducing Hero
Honda CD, Hero Honda SS, Hero Honda Sleek and Hero Honda Splendor and Street? Comment
briefly.
Q.16 Describe in brief controllable and non-controllable factors influencing Marketing Decisions.
Q.17 "Promotional Programs are economic wastes and usually unethical"- Do you agree with this
statement? Give reasons.
Q.18 Discuss briefly the social responsibility of Marketing. What are the social functions of Marketing?
Q.19 What do you understand by Marketing Strategy? Briefly explain the various factors affecting
Marketing Strategy.
Q.20 L. G. Electronics from South Korea wants to launch its digital CTV as a colour television in Indian
market. As a marketing consultant advise the company on segmentation and positioning strategy to
be adopted for identifying the right groups of customers in India.
Q.21 Define Marketing. Discuss in detail the evolution of different concepts of marketing and their
importance in the context of today's business environment.
Q.22 Explain the meaning of Product Life Cycle. What challenges the Marketing Manager has to face in
introducing any new consumer product?
Q.23 What is Marketing Strategy? Indicate the role and importance of marketing strategy.
Q.24 Discuss in detail the need and importance of social responsibility of marketing.
Q.25 What is Pricing? Explain the different methods of pricing the product in Marketing Management?

26. Q.26 Explain the meaning of Sales Promotion. What are the methods of sales promotion?
Q.27 “Selling tooth-paste is far easier than selling a social concept of family planning.” Do you agree
with this? Discuss your point of view in detail.
Q.28 Define the term marketing. Explain the nature and scope of marketing.
Q.29 What do you understand by market segmentation? What is its relevance and role in marketing?
Q.30 Discuss the meaning of product and product life cycle. State the importance of classification of
product development.
Q.31 Describe the role and importance of advertising in sales promotion. What are the methods of sales
promotion?
Q.32 Explain how prices are quoted. Describe the objectives and role of pricing in marketing.
Q.33 As a marketing manager of a company, you are given the task of launching a new herbal tooth-paste
in the Indian market.
Prepare a detailed plan of the activities that you will undertake to achieve your target successfully.
Also explain the various marketing functions involved in your marketing strategy for launching the
herbal tooth-paste.
Q.34 What do you understand by marketing environment? Discuss the importance and characteristics of
the marketing environment.
Q.35 Explain the concept of promotional mix. Describe the objectives and methods of developing a
promotional mix.
Q.36 Is there any difference between marketing and selling? If so, how do these two functions differ from
each other in scope and activities?
Q.37 Discuss the meaning and importance of advertising in marketing management.
Q.38 What does ‘physical distribution’ mean? Discuss the scope and components of the physical
distribution system.
Q.39 Write short notes on any three of the following:
1. Marketing Ethics. 16. Marketing Mix.
2. Role of a Marketing Manager. 17. Role of Advertising.
3. Marketing Mix. 18. Market Segmentation.
4. Consumer Behaviour. 19. Pricing Objectives.
5. Product Development Policy. 20. Marketing Audit.
6. Marketing Mix. 21. Sales budget.
7. Physical Distribution. 22. Marketing mix.
8. Competitive Positioning. 23. Social responsibilities of marketing.
9. Consumer Behaviour. 24. Marketing communication.
10. Marketing Ethics. 25. Channel management.
11. Importance of Advertising 26. Marketing strategy.
12. Marketing Audit 27. Social responsibility of marketing.
13. Channels of Distribution 28. Marketing mix.
14. Marketing Communication 29. New product pricing.
15. Factors of Consumer Behaviour 30. Marketing and sales.

27. MDB 109: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Q1. Mr. Sachin Ahuja, 26, took charge as Jt. Managing Director, Ahuja Pistons Ltd., as soon as he
returned from USA after completing his MBA degree.
After taking the charge, he noticed the following situation. Workers’ Union had given a notice of
strike for non-compliance of promises given by management for revision of wages one year before.
Supervisors complained that workers are not obeying their orders and many a times displayed
insubordination resulting into the reduction in the total production of the ring division of the
company.
Managers complained that there was overall indiscipline among the employees since union was
aggressive and overprotective towards workers even at the cost of company’s interest.
He noticed a number of letters received from valued customers who expressed their annoyance and
dissatisfaction towards the company for non-execution of orders on time.
Questions:
1) How would you assess the situation?
2) What steps will you take to integrate interests of all concerned?
3) Establish priority list to revive the situation and enlist courses of action to be taken to build up
trust in the company.
Q2. Mr. Anthony is an engineer in a large engineering company. He comes from a rural background and
a low-income family. He worked hard to earn his college degree. He is an intelligent and capable
employee. His fault is that he does not want to take risks and hesitates to take decisions for himself.
He often takes small and routine matters to the boss or to other engineers.
Since he is a capable person, his boss wants to motivate him to be more independent in his work.
The boss believes that such an approach will improve Mr. Anthony's performance and give him self-
confidence. However, the boss is not sure how to go about motivating Mr. Anthony to improve his
performance.
Questions:
1. As the boss, how will you plan for motivating Mr. Anthony?
2. Discuss the various related theories of motivation. Point out the most suitable theory in the
above case.
Q3. Mr. Ghosh, the Trade Union leader met the workers and asked them to form Unions. However the
old employees refused to form a Union as they said they were very happy with their job and their
relations were cordial with the proprietor Mr. Gupta. Somehow the young employees also did not
join the Union. Naturally no Union was formed.
In the course of time, due to trade recession and continuous power cuts, Mr. Gupta had to reduce the
business to a great extent. This resulted in reduction of employees by almost 50%. Of course, Mr.
Gupta gave good amount of gratuity to all those who were removed. But now those who were in
service felt insecure and formed a Union. They observed a "one-day token strike" to show their
strength to Mr. Gupta. He was shocked to find the situation in which he was trapped and closed the
business totally and the rest of the people also lost their jobs.
1) What do you think went wrong with the business of Mr. Gupta?
2) Was closing the business an answer to the situation? Give reasons.
3) What role should the Trade Union have played to avoid closure of the business?
Q4. Amita Sinha applied for a job of clerk-typist in a large-scale organisation. She did not fill up many
questions on the application form provided by the company, and saw the Personnel Manager in this
connection. During the discussion she protested against the following questions:

28. 1) Birth date and age
2) Marital status
3) Changes in name
4) Number of children and their ages
5) Height? Weight?
Amita protest that the above items were none of the company’s business. The Personnel Manager
argued that it was the company policy that all information on the form is furnished if the candidate
wants to be considered for employment.
Questions:
1. Provide a rationale for each of the above items.
2. Do these questions violate citizen’s right of privacy?
3. Which of the company policies conflict with the freedom of privacy.
Q5. Elaborate machinery for fixing wages. What are the main factors influencing the wages and salary of
the employees?
Q6. Describe in brief the essentials of performance appraisal. Discuss the various conventional and
modern methods of performance appraisal.
Q7. State the importance of training. Discuss in brief the various methods used in training and
development.
Q8. Define human resources management. What is integration function of HRM? What are the factors
responsible for growth of human relations?
Q9. What do you understand by team building? State the pros and cons of team building.
Q10. Discuss the meaning of motivation. Explain the steps in motivation and rules of motivation.
Q11. Explain the steps taken in job evaluation. Also explain the importance and role of job evaluation in
Human Resource Management.
Q12. What is meant by Quality Circle? Compare it with quality of work life. Explain in brief the benefits
of Quality Circles.
Q13. Why do industries need training to their employees? What are the types and techniques of training
and development?
Q14. Describe the importance of compensation in Human Resource Management. What factors are
considered in wage determination?
Q15. What is Leadership? What are the qualities of a good leader?
Q16. Distinguish between Factor Comparison Method and Point Method of Job Evaluation.
Q17. "Fringe Benefits have a psychological and social base"- Explain this statement.
Q18. Explain briefly the concept of 'Morale'. Discuss the relationship between Morale and Motivation.
Q19. Distinguish between Personnel Management and Human Resources Management.
Q20. "Training is a short term process utilising a systematic and organised procedure by which non-
managerial personnel acquire technical knowledge and skills for a definite purpose". Explain this
statement in the light of the method of Training.

29. Q21. Discuss the need of Human Resource Planning. Give the steps involved in the plan.
Q22. Why is communication necessary? What are the key elements of communication? State, in brief, the
functions of communication.
Q23. What is Discipline? Distinguish between positive and negative discipline.
Q24. “Before you think of inviting people to apply for a job you have to decide the type of people you
want to invite and what should their characteristics be.” Explain this statement from the point of
view of preparing a job recruitment programme.
Q25. Discuss the major aspects of human resource planning as a pre-requisite to human resource
development.
Q26. What do you mean by job analysis? Distinguish between job analysis and job description?
Q27. Describe the importance of compensation management in Human Resource Management. Explain
the various factors considered in wage determination.
Q28. How do performance appraisals and reward systems contribute to HRD?
Q29. “Career planning and career developments are essential ingredients of HRD systems.” Explain this
statement.
Q30. “As the world is coming closer and economies of countries across the globe are getting integrated,
human resources management is expected to play a crucial role in the process of internationalisation
of business.” Explain the statement in the light of the role played by the HRD Manager in a business
organisation.
Q31. Describe the various evaluation techniques used in performance appraisal.
Q32. Explain the characteristics essential for a human resource manager.
Q33. What is a grievance? Why do grievances arise? Explain in brief the procedure handling grievances
in the business world.
Q34. Write short notes:
1. Elements of Communication 12. Job evaluation
2. Team Building. 13. Morale and motivation
3. Organisational Development. 14. Managerial grid.
4. Objectives of Discipline 15. Body language.
5. Classification of Wages 16. Wage and Salary Administration
6. Theories of Motivation 17. Human Relations Movement
7. Principles of Group Dynamics 18. Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory
8. Grievance Procedure 19. Group Dynamics
9. Principles for Maintenance of 20. Organisation Conflict
Discipline 21. Leadership styles.
10. Qualities of a Leader 22. Line and staff organisation
11. Living wages

30. MDB 110: BUSINESS LAW
Q. 1 Comment on the following statements:
i) The law of contracts is not the whole law of obligations.
ii) All contracts are not the whole law of obligations.
iii) In commercial and business and business agreements the presumption is that parties intend to
create legal obligations.
iv) A contract is a contract from the time it is made and not from the time its performance is due.
Q. 2 Define contract. What are the essential elements of a valid contract?
Q. 3 “An agreement enforceable by law is contract.” Discuss.
Q. 4 Define agreement. Point out the difference between a contract and an agreement.
Q. 5 Distinguish between:
a) Void contracts and unenforceable contracts.
b) Void and voidable contracts.
c) Executed and executory contracts.
d) Express and implied contracts
e) Void agreement and voidable contract
f) Void and illegal agreements
g) Illegal and unenforceable agreements.
Q. 6 Write short notes on:
a) Illegal agreement
b) Valid contract
c) Void agreement
Q. 7 Define the term ‘offer’. Explain the legal rules regarding a valid offer.
Q. 8 “An invitation to offer is not an offer.” Elucidate the statement.
Q. 9 Discuss the circumstances under which an offer lapses and stands revoked. Give e.g.
Q. 10 What do you understand by the term ‘acceptance’? what are the essentials of a valid acceptance?
Q. 11 “A mere mental acceptance, not evidenced, by words or conduct is, in the eye of law, no
acceptance.” Explain by giving e.g.
Q. 12 Discuss briefly the law relating to communication of offer, acceptance and revocation. Is there any
limit of time after which offer and acceptance cannot be revoked?
Q. 13 Define offer and acceptance. When are offer and acceptance deemed to be complete if made
through post?
Q. 14 “Acceptance is to an offer what a lighter match is to a train of gun powder. It produces something
which cannot be recalled or undone” - Anson. Comment on the statement and briefly discuss the
essentials of a valid offer and acceptance.
Q. 15 Define Consideration? What are the legal rules regarding Consideration?
Q. 16 In what cases a contract without consideration is not void.
Q. 17 Consideration may be past, present or future, explain with e.g.

31. Q. 18 “Under the Indian Contract Act, consideration may proceed from the promise or any other
person.” Critically examine this statement.
Q. 19 Can a stranger to a contract enforce it? If yes, under what circumstance.
Q. 20 Define the term capacity to contract. State the law relating to contracts entered into by a minor.
Q. 21 What is legal effect of a minor’s mispresentation of age while entering into an agreement?
Q. 22 Minor’s agreements are void. Is there any agreement with a minor which van be enforced in court
of law.
Q. 23 A person who is usually of unsound mind but occasionally of sound mind may make a contract
when he is of sound mind. Explain.
Q. 24 Name the persons, other than minor who are not competent to contract.
Q. 25 “Two or more persons are said to consent when they agree on the same thing in the same sense”.
Explain the statement and give illustrations.
Q. 26 Discuss the law relating to the effect of mistake on contracts.
Q. 27 Explain, with illustrations, the effect of mistake of fact on an agreement with reference to (a)
mistake relating to subject matter (b) mistake relating to identity of the parties and (c) mistake
relating to the nature of the transactions.
Q. 28 What is misrepresentation? Distinguish it from fraud?
Q. 29 What remedies are available to a person induced to enter into a contract by (a) Misrepresentation,
which is not fraudulent, (b) fraud?
Q. 30 Define fraud and point out its effect on the validity of an agreement. Give suitable examples to
illustrate your answers.
Q. 31 When is a contract said to be induced by “Undue influence”? When is a party deemed to be in a
position to dominate the will of the other? What is the effect of undue influence on a contract?
Q. 32 When is consent said to be given under “coercion”? What is its effect on the contract? Also
discuss the position of the parties to a contract entered into under coercion. Does a threat to
commit suicide amount to coercion?
Q. 33 Under what circumstances is the object or consideration of a contract unlawful? Illustrate with
suitable examples.
Q. 34 Explain the doctrine of public policy? What are the heads of public policy? Do you agree with the
view that the heads of public policy are not closed?
Q. 35 Discuss the different types of arguments opposed to public policy.
Q. 36 What do you understand by an illegal agreement? What are the effects of illegal agreements on
main transactions and collateral transaction?
Q. 37 “No action is allowed on an illegal agreement”. Explain and state the exceptions to this rule.
Q. 38 Discuss the valisity of agreements partly legal and partly illegal.

32. Q. 39 Explain the meaning of a contingent contract. What are the rules relating to contingent contracts?
Q. 40 What do you understand by a contingent contract? Discuss how far the contingency may be
dependent on the act of a party.
Q. 41 Distinguish between a wagering agreement and a contingent contract. Discuss the rules regarding
enforcement of contingent contracts.
Q. 42 When is a contract said to be discharged by performance? Discuss the rules relating to
performance.
Q. 43 What do you understand by performance of a contract? State the persons by whom the contract
should be performed.
Q. 44 What are the essentials of a valid tender of performance? What is the effect of refusal by promise
to accept correct tender of goods and money?
Q. 45 Discuss the law relating to the rights and duties of joint promisors in a contract. Also explain the
devolution of joint liabilities.
Q. 46 What do you understand by time and place of performance of a contract? Understand what
circumstances is time deemed to be of the essence of the contract in performance of the contract
and with what consequences?
Q. 47 Narrate the rules regarding performance of reciprocal promises.
Q. 48 When does the problem about appropriation of payment arise? What are the rules regarding
appropriation?
Q. 49 Discuss the rule in Hallet’s estate case and state the provisions of the Indian Contract Act which
incorporate the rule.
Q. 50 Write a short note on Assignment of contracts.
Q. 51 What are the various ways in which a contract may be discharged?
Q. 52 Write a note on discharge of a contract by consent?
Q. 53 Discuss fully the law relating to novation of contracts.
Q. 54 “Impossibility of performance is, as a rule, not an excuse for non-performance of a contract”.
Discuss.
Q. 55 Discuss the effects of supervening impossibility on the performance of a contract.
Q. 56 Does an impossibility, which arises subsequent to the formation of a contract excuse the promisor
from performing the contract in all cases?
Q. 57 How far is liabilities of the parties to a contract affected by supervening impossibility?
Q. 58 Explain, with illustrations, what is meant by the frustration of a contract?
Q. 59 “The doctrine of frustration has often been said to depend on adding a term to the contract by
implication”. Comment.
Q. 60 Explain ‘Breach of contract’ as a mode of discharge of contract.

33. Q. 61 What do you understand by ‘Anticipatory breach of contact?’ State the rights of the promise in
case of such breach.
Q. 62 What remedies are available to an aggrieved party on the breach of a contract?
Q. 63 State briefly the principles on which damages are awarded on the breach of a contract.
Q. 64 “If a contract is broken, the law will endeavour, so far as money can do it, to place the injured
party in the same position as if the contract has been performed.” Comment.
Q. 65 Examine critically the rule in Hadley v. Baxendale, and indicate to what extent the said rule is
applicable in India.
Q. 66 “The damages which the other party ought to receive in respect of breach of a contract should be
such as may fairly and reasonably be considered either arising naturally from such breach of
contract itself or such as may reasonably by supposed to have been in the contemplation of both
the parties at the time they made the contract, as the probable result of the breach it.” Comment.
Q. 67 Define special Damages; Exemplary Damages; Nominal Damages; Liquidated Damages;
Injunction.
Q. 68 Explain and illustrate the circumstances in which a party may maintain action for breach of a
contract without having himself fully performed his own obligation under the contract.
Q. 69 “Where a party to a contract refuses altogether to perform, or is disabled from performing his part
to it, the other party has a right to rescind it.” Discuss fully this statement in the light of the
provisions of the Indian Contract Act, 1872.
Q. 70 “In certain cases the law imposes an obligation and allows and action to be brought on it as if it
arose out of a contract though none was present infact.” Explain.
Q. 71 “A quasi contract is not a contract at all. It is an obligation which the law creates.” Analyse this
statement.
Q. 72 “Quasi contracts are not contracts in the strict sense of the term. These are only the obligations
created by law.” Explain stating the provisions of Indian Contract Act.
Q. 73 “Quasi contracts rest on the ground of law of equity that a person shall be allowed to enrich
himself at the expenses of the other”. Explain.
Q. 74 What are Quasi contacts? State the circumstances in which quasi-contractual obligations arise.
Q. 75 Define Bailment. Discuss the rights and responsibilities of a paid and gratuitous bailee.
Q. 76 How does bailment differ from a pledge?
Q. 77 Explain how a bailment may result without the owner actually delivering the goods to the bailee.
Q. 78 What are the rights and duties of a bailor and bailee in a bailment for hire and in a bailment by
way of pledge.
Q. 79 What are the rights and obligations of a finder of goods? What is the nature of lien he has over the
goods?
Q. 80 Distinguish between ‘General lien’ and ‘Particular lien’?

34. Q. 81 Define pledge. What are the rights and duties of Pawnor and Pawnee?
Q. 82 Define the term ‘agency’. What are the essentials and legal rules for a valid agency?
Q. 83 No one can become agent of another except by will of the person. Comment.
Q. 84 Briefly explain the various modes by which an agency may be created.
Q. 85 “An agency by holding out is as god as an express agency”. Comment.
Q. 86 What is meant by agency by ratification? State the conditions that must be fulfilled before the
doctrine can apply to an act of the agent.
Q. 87 State the rights and duties of an agent. What is the degree of skill required of him?
Q. 88 Discuss the rights and duties of the principal.
Q. 89 Discuss the extent to which an agent can delegate his authority. What are the consequences of
such delegation?
Q. 90 Define the term ‘sub-agent’. When he can be appointed? State the position of sub agent in relation
to the agent, principal and third parties.
Q. 91 Define the term ‘substituted agent’. State the comparison between sub-agent and substituted agent.
Q. 92 Define the term ‘contract of sale’. State the essentials of a valid contract of sale.
Q. 93 Explain the difference between sale and agreement to sell. When does an agreement to sell ripen
into a sale?
Q. 94 Distinguish between:
a) Sale and hire purchase agreement b) Sales and contract for work and labour c) Sale and
bailment
Q. 95 How is a contract of sale made? State briefly the necessary formalities of such a contract.
Q. 96 Define ‘goods’. Distinguish between specific, ascertained and unascertained goods.
Q. 97 What is the subject matter of a contract of sale. What is effect of destruction of specific goods in a
contract of sale?
Q. 98 Define the term price. What are the different modes of determination of price? Are the stipulations
as to time of payment of the essence of the contract of sale?
Q. 99 Define condition and warranty.
Q. 100 Under what circumstances breach of condition will be treated as breach of warranty.
Q. 101 Explain and enumerate the implied conditions and warranties stated under the Sales of Goods Act.
Q. 102 What is meant by Caveat Emptor? State its exceptions.

35. MDB 111: CORPORATE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Q1. Arunodaya Printing Press of Solapur has three hand operated treadle machines. Six workers are
working in the press. The whole unit is just like a family and the proprietor; Mr. Vinod Doshi has
excellent relations with the workers. The press has a large order book. There is a good demand and it
can increase its operations, if the proprietor wishes to do so.
The proprietor has come across four treadle machines in a small press in Pune, which is closed due
to death of the owner. If the proprietor of Arunodaya Printer purchases these machines, then the total
number of workers would have to increase to twenty and then the local political trade union would
come forward and build a union of workers. It is difficult to anticipate whether the wage rates could
be maintained at the same level in such an eventuality.
One alternative is to import a capital-intensive automatic printing machine from Germany. Then the
number of workers would be limited, but the total cost is very high. Besides, skilled technicians will
have to be appointed to run the automatic machine. The cost of production is expected to be very
heavy.
Questions:
1) Critically analyse the case.
2) Should the proprietor increase his operations or should he maintain the present set-up as it is?
3) If he wants to increase his operations which alternative should he select? Why?
4) What is your advice for further business policy?
Q2. Herbal Cosmetics India. Ltd., a company manufacturing several cosmetic products, is interested to
know the attitude of consumers towards their products in general and wants to prepare a strategic
plan for future expansion. In addition, it would like to know the amount of expenditure incurred on
different items of cosmetics by households. It feels that such information would be extremely helpful
in improving its existing products as well as bringing new products into the market. The marketing
manager of Herbal Cosmetics India Ltd. has approached you to help him in the preparation of a
strategic plan in this connection.
Prepare such a plan specifying ‘situation analysis’, mentioning marketing objectives and pointing at
definite market targets considering market demands.
Q3. Discuss the concept of corporate strategy. State its significance in the Indian situation.
Q4. What do you understand by business environment? Explain the factors of internal and external
environment of business.
Q5. What do you mean by combination strategy. What are the merits and demerits of takeovers and
mergers?
Q6. Assuming that an automobile industry is interested in implementing certain strategies in the present
cutthroat competition, what plans and programmes could it undertake?
Q7. Explain briefly the need and importance of research, development and innovation of product in the
business organisations.
Q8. What is meant by strategic marketing planning? State also the role of market segmentation in
business planning.
Q9. "An appropriate strategy and organisational structure are essential prerequisites for effective
implementation of strategy". Do you agree with this statement? Explain your point of view with
proper illustrations.

36. Q10. What do you understand by the term Globalization of Business? What are the salient features of
International Business Environment?
Q11. Define Joint Ventures. What are the conditions for joint ventures? Also state their benefits and
drawbacks.
Q12. What are the main features of a business strategy? Explain the process of formulating a strategy.
Q13. What are the technological issues involved in projecting Japan as world leader in industry and
business?
Q14. "This is an era of mergers and acquisitions" - Elaborate this statement by discussing strategies
adopted for mergers and acquisitions.
Q15. Explain the role played by SWOT - Analysis in strategy formulation.
Q16. "Effective implementation of strategy requires the right organisational structure" - Do you agree with
this statement? Give reasons.
Q17. What is Business Environment? What are the factors affecting Business Environment?
Q18. Discuss the role and importance of Evaluation and Control of Strategy. Also state Evaluation
Techniques for Strategic Control.
Q19. “Business policy is the study of the functions and responsibilities of senior management concerning
the crucial problems and conceptual foundations that determines direction of the total enterprise and
shapes its future.” Explain this statement.
Q20. What do you understand by environment in relation to business policy? What are the characteristics
and components of environment?
Q21. Who are the strategists in formation and implementation of business policy? Explain their roles.
Q22. Discuss the meaning and purpose of takeovers and mergers. What are the merits and demerits of
takeovers and mergers for a business organisation?
Q23. “Social responsibility as a policy of business is essential for image building of a company”- Discuss.
Q24. Define the concept of corporate strategy. Explain how does a strategy differ from a policy.
Q25. What are the essential characteristics of a mission statement? What are the different ways in which
mission statements can be formulated?
Q26. “This is an era of mergers and takeovers.” Do you agree? Explain your point of view.
Q27. Discuss the meaning of strategic control. What evaluation techniques are used for strategic control?
Q28. “Strategic management is concerned with establishing the proper organisational environment fit for
matching the organisational factors with the environmental factors.” Elaborate on this statement.
Q29. Define the terms objectives and mission statement. Describe the importance of objectives and the
factors influencing the objectives.
Q30. “Strategy is a blueprint indicating the courses of action to achieve the desired objectives.” Explain
in the light of this statement the concept of strategy and describe the steps and approaches of
strategic planning.

37. Q31. Discuss the meaning and scope of strategic evaluation and control. Also explain the process of
strategic evaluation.
Q32. Write short notes:
1. Types of Joint Ventures 11. Techniques for strategic control
2. Emergent Strategy. 12. Retirement strategy.
3. Target Markets. 13. Portfolio analysis.
4. Financial Strategy. 14. Product Life Cycle
5. Expansion Strategy. 15. Personnel Strategy.
6. Situation Design. 16. Innovation & New Products
7. SWOT Analysis. 17. Types of Strategies
8. The Role of Board of Directors 18. Mission Statement
9. Modernisation Strategies and Diversification 19. Portfolio Analysis
10. Technology and Man-Machine Relationship 20. Features of technology

38. MDB 201: MARKETING STRATEGY
Q1. Discuss the meaning and importance of modern marketing concept. Briefly state the various stages
in the evolution of marketing.
Q2. What is meant by market planning? Describe the elements of market planning.
Q3. Define the term strategy. Indicate the role and importance of marketing strategies.
Q4. What are the benefits of integrated and coordinated strategic marketing plans?
Q5. Explain briefly the causes of growing consumerism and consumer legislation.
Q6. Discuss the meaning and nature of consumer behaviour. Why is it problem solving behaviour?
Q7. What is meant by industrial marketing? Explain the role of advertising in industrial marketing.
Q8. What do you mean by consumerism? Describe the role of legislations in consumerism.
Q9. Explain briefly how does consumers buying behaviour affect the decisions relating to production
price and sales promotion?
Q10. Discuss the importance of strategic planning and control in modern business.
Q11. What are the benefits of integrated and co-ordinated strategic marketing plans?
Q12. Describe the need and importance of consumer protection? Explain the role of voluntary regulations.
Q13. Explain the different factors affecting consumer behaviour.
Q14. Discuss the role and importance of consumer legislations for consumer protection.
Q15. What are the kinds of consumer goods? State the need for advertising of the product for industrial
marketing.
Q16. How will you select and implement marketing strategy for consumer goods and industrial goods?
Q17. What is marketing planning? Discuss its role and implication in strategic formulation.
Q18. Explain the meaning, nature and scope of organisational behaviour.
Q19. Examine critically the differences and similarities between Industrial Marketing and Consumer
Goods Marketing.
Q20. Define the concept of Marketing. Discuss the problems of marketing in a developing economy.
Q21. What do you mean by Marketing Strategy? Explain in brief the factors to be considered in
formulating overall Marketing Strategy.
Q22. What do you mean by Organisational Buying? Explain the elements affecting Organisational
Buying.
Q23. Explain how Consumer Behaviour affects decisions relating to Production, Price, Channels of
distribution and Sales Promotion.

39. Q.24 “Marketing comprises of both buying and selling activities”. Explain this statement with reference
to strategic planning.
Q.25 Explain how the concepts of self-image and brand image help in the study of buyer behaviour.
Q.26 Discuss the steps involved in strategic corporate planning. Comment on the concept of market
opportunity analysis.
Q.27 What are the different types of industrial products?
Q.28 What is a marketing strategy? Discuss the steps involved in strategic management and explain its
importance in marketing management.
Q.29 Define the term ‘Strategic Marketing Planning’. Explain the importance of market planning in
corporate strategy.
Q.30 Explain the role-played by environmental influences in the development of marketing strategy.
Q.31 What are the characteristics of a good brand name? Explain in detail.
Q.32 Discuss the meaning of channels of distribution. What are the important considerations in
developing a channel strategy?
Q.33 What are the essentials of promotional strategy? Explain how to prepare a budget for promotional
strategy.
Q.34 Explain the concept of ‘consumer protection’ in detail.
Q.35 Write short notes:
1. Social Responsibility of Marketing 12. Research Strategy
2. Product Life Cycle 13. Buying Motives
3. Marketing Mix. 14. Importance of Pricing
4. Marketing Planning 15. Distributional Channels
5. Industrial Marketing. 16. Promotional Strategy
6. Organisational Buying. 17. Financial Strategy
7. Strategy Process. 18. Consumer Protection Act
8. Marketing Functions. 19. Buyer process.
9. The Role of a Marketing Manager 20. Social class.
10. Segmentation Strategy 21. Culture and style
11. Role of Advertising in the Industrial Market 22. Types of industrial goods