1. Body temperature is controlled by the hypothalamus and maintained around 37°C through heat production and dissipation. 2. A fever is defined as a temperature over 37.2°C in the morning or over 37.7°C in the evening, and is caused by pyrogens raising the hypothalamic set point. 3. Pyrogens such as cytokines signal the brain to produce prostaglandins which trigger neurotransmitters to raise the hypothalamic set point and cause fever.