Ontology-Based Dimensional Data Warehouse Design at the International Workshop on Ontology-Driven Software Engineering (ODiSE), 2009 OOPSLA Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA - 25 October 2009

1. Ontology-Based Dimensional Data Warehouse Design International Workshop on Ontology-Driven Software Engineering (ODiSE) Orlando, Florida, USA - 25 October 2009 Richard E. Biehl, Ph.D. Data-Oriented Quality Solutions Orlando, Florida, USA

2. Evolution of the “Star” Patient Encounter Physician Date Service Facts Customer Product Store Date Offering Dimensions (a) Sales Data (b) Clinical Data Facts Diagnosis Facility Material Account Procedure

3. Clinical Data Warehouses based on star schema dimensional models Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.

4. Dimensional Anatomy Pattern (Structure) Dimension Definition Dimension Hierarchy Dimension Bridge Dimension Group Dimension Reference Dimension Context Type Perspective Origin (Top Most ) Depth from Parent Terminus (Bottom Most) Role Rank Weight Category Description Composite Code1 Code2 Code3 Code4 Code5 Descendent Parent Network Directed Acyclic Graph Hierarchy (Fiat) Composite Fact Owner Label1 Label2 Label3 Label4 Label5 Value

5. i2b2 CDW Data Warehouse Architectural Maturity Pathway Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Generalized Dimension Dimensions Patient Visit Provider SIMPLE FACT Generalized Dimension Dimensions Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Operation Calendar Clock Geopolitics ROBUST FACT Generalized Dimension SIMPLE FACT Evolution Path 2 Reduction in fact volume enabled by expansion of dimensional capabilities (e.g. groups & bridges, hierarchies) Evolution Path 1 Instantiation of additional dimensions out of the abstract generic structure. (a) (b) (c)

6. Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)

7. Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)

8. Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) (a)

9. Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) (a) (b)

10. Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) (a) (b) (c)

11. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. (d)

12. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. (d) (e)

13. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. (d) (f) (e)

14. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. (d) (g) (f) (e)

15. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.

16. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA) Relations Is a Part of / Has part Disjoint from Union of Inverse of Anatomical Entities Attribute Entities Dimensional Entities

17. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Human Disease Ontology Relations Is a Part of / Has part Disjoint from Union of Inverse of Diseases

18. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Human Phenotype Ontology Relations Is a Disjoint from Union of Inverse of Inheritances Organ abnormalities Onsets & Clinical courses

19. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Environmental Ontology Relations Is a Located in Made of Part of / Has part Disjoint from Union of Inverse of Biomes Foods Environmental Matters Environmental Features

20. Spatiotemporal Region SNAP Continuant SPAN Occurrent Spatial Region Independent Continuant Dependent Continuant Processual Entity Temporal Region Site Object Object Aggregate Fiat Part of Object Boundary of Object 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D Quality Realizable Entity Function Role Disposition Scattered Spatiotemporal Region Connected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant Processual Context Process Aggregate Process Fiat Part of Process Boundary of Process Scattered Temporal Region Connected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO) Organization Caregiver Patient Encounter Anatomy Diagnosis Procedure Material Facility Accounting Geopolitics Calendar Clock Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) Operation Facts Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. Gene Ontology Relations Is a Part of Regulates - Negatively - Positively Disjoint from Union of Inverse of Molecular Functions Cellular Components Biological Processes

21. Adapted from Mejino, O. (2007). The NeuroFMA: Ontological Framework for Neuroanatomy. Structural Informatics Group, University of Washington.