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James Johnson - Patriot
Rebecca Chao
Thursday, May 16, 13
Sounds of Boston
I was raising the club
against the Red Coats
That	
  horri)ic	
  scene	
  still	
  remained	
  in	
  my	
  head.	
  People	
  around	
  
me	
  were	
  dead	
  and	
  wounded,	
  puddles	
  of	
  blood	
  lying	
  
everywhere.	
  All	
  I	
  remember	
  was	
  that	
  I	
  saw	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  red	
  
coats	
  point	
  a	
  gun	
  towards	
  me	
  and	
  I	
  held	
  the	
  heavy	
  club	
  higher	
  
and	
  advanced	
  towards	
  him,	
  but	
  before	
  anything	
  else	
  
happened,	
  I	
  felt	
  a	
  bullet	
  skid	
  past	
  my	
  skin.	
  After	
  that,	
  I	
  fainted	
  
and	
  did	
  not	
  know	
  what	
  happened	
  next.	
  When	
  I	
  opened	
  my	
  
eyes	
  again,	
  I	
  was	
  sitting	
  against	
  a	
  wall,	
  with	
  cloth	
  wrapped	
  
around	
  the	
  wounded	
  area.	
  There	
  was	
  only	
  little	
  blood,	
  but	
  the	
  
pain	
  was	
  only	
  increasing.	
  Though	
  I	
  was	
  injured	
  and	
  stumbled	
  
as	
  I	
  walked,	
  but	
  I	
  still	
  went	
  around	
  trying	
  to	
  help	
  those	
  who	
  
were	
  more	
  severely	
  injured.	
  The	
  crowds	
  faded	
  and	
  people	
  
were	
  helping	
  with	
  the	
  wounded	
  and	
  carrying	
  away	
  the	
  dead.	
  
The	
  seven-­‐year	
  war	
  just	
  ended	
  a	
  few	
  years	
  ago,	
  it	
  had	
  )inally	
  
become	
  rather	
  peaceful.	
  Father	
  )inally	
  returned	
  home	
  from	
  
war,	
  he	
  was	
  forced	
  to	
  )ight	
  for	
  King	
  George	
  III.	
  Most	
  of	
  his	
  
wounds	
  had	
  just	
  healed	
  and	
  he	
  is	
  )inally	
  able	
  to	
  stand	
  up	
  and	
  
walk,	
  but	
  there	
  is	
  still	
  a	
  large	
  scar	
  on	
  the	
  back	
  of	
  his	
  right	
  leg	
  
from	
  the	
  bullet	
  that	
  shot	
  right	
  through.	
  Many	
  thought	
  that	
  it	
  
would	
  be	
  peaceful	
  for	
  another	
  few	
  years,	
  since	
  American’s	
  and	
  
Britain’s	
  were	
  allies	
  during	
  the	
  French-­‐Indian	
  war.	
  But	
  no,	
  
King	
  George	
  III	
  and	
  Parliaments	
  were	
  imposing	
  taxes	
  on	
  us;	
  
trying	
  to	
  get	
  back	
  the	
  money	
  they	
  lost	
  during	
  the	
  seven-­‐year	
  
war.	
  It	
  started	
  with	
  the	
  Sugar	
  act,	
  then	
  the	
  stamp	
  act,	
  
quartering	
  act,	
  declaratory	
  act,	
  and	
  Townsend	
  act,	
  all	
  these	
  
acts	
  caused	
  many	
  trouble	
  for	
  our	
  family.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
Sounds of Boston
I was lying on the ground
after being shot by a rifle
Now	
  after	
  the	
  Boston	
  Massacre,	
  peace	
  will	
  never	
  come	
  
back	
  again.	
  That	
  morning,	
  we	
  gathered	
  at	
  the	
  local	
  
customs	
  house	
  to	
  show	
  our	
  fury	
  over	
  the	
  numerous	
  taxes	
  
Parliament	
  that	
  we	
  were	
  required	
  to	
  pay.	
  The	
  soldiers	
  
who	
  were	
  protecting	
  the	
  customs	
  house	
  were	
  arguing	
  
with	
  us,	
  and	
  a	
  young	
  man	
  was	
  even	
  smashed	
  on	
  the	
  head	
  
with	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  a	
  ri)le	
  by	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  sentries.	
  How	
  dare	
  the	
  
red	
  coats	
  do	
  such	
  thing	
  to	
  us	
  normal	
  citizens!	
  
The	
  thirteen	
  soldiers	
  who	
  stood	
  opposite	
  us	
  held	
  long	
  
ri)les	
  that	
  caused	
  white	
  puffs	
  of	
  smoke	
  in	
  the	
  air	
  as	
  it	
  )ired.	
  
Only	
  some	
  of	
  us	
  had	
  heavy	
  clubs,	
  while	
  others	
  had	
  to	
  )ind	
  
stones	
  and	
  snowballs	
  so	
  they	
  would	
  actually	
  be	
  armed	
  
and	
  could	
  defend	
  themselves.	
  The	
  soldiers	
  were	
  dared	
  to	
  
)ire,	
  but	
  their	
  commander	
  that	
  day,	
  Captain	
  Thomas	
  
Preston	
  did	
  not	
  give	
  the	
  order.	
  When	
  I	
  turned	
  my	
  head	
  
around	
  to	
  see	
  the	
  reactions	
  of	
  those	
  behind	
  me,	
  I	
  suddenly	
  
heard	
  a	
  gunshot	
  and	
  everything	
  after	
  that	
  was	
  a	
  blur.	
  
I	
  have	
  to	
  say	
  that	
  what	
  happened	
  yesterday	
  was	
  
outrageous,	
  it	
  was	
  the	
  )irst	
  time	
  I	
  saw	
  that	
  much	
  blood	
  
and	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  most	
  horri)ic	
  scenes	
  I	
  have	
  been	
  through.	
  I	
  
knew	
  that	
  this	
  is	
  only	
  going	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  beginning	
  of	
  an	
  
endless	
  revolution.	
  	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
Tea for a Price
We were not happy about
the Tea Act
I’m	
  about	
  to	
  explode!	
  I	
  can’t	
  explain	
  in	
  words	
  how	
  furious	
  I	
  
was	
  after	
  hearing	
  about	
  the	
  Tea	
  Act.	
  It	
  was	
  passed	
  by	
  the	
  
parliament	
  yesterday.	
  The	
  East	
  India	
  Company	
  was	
  selling	
  
tea	
  at	
  such	
  a	
  bargain	
  price.	
  The	
  price	
  was	
  so	
  low	
  that	
  it	
  was	
  
unreal;	
  it	
  was	
  for	
  sure	
  that	
  they	
  were	
  trying	
  to	
  use	
  us	
  for	
  
their	
  own	
  good.	
  There	
  were	
  18	
  million	
  pounds	
  of	
  unsold	
  
tea,	
  sitting	
  on	
  the	
  dock,	
  waiting	
  for	
  us	
  colonists	
  to	
  purchase	
  
them	
  and	
  fall	
  into	
  their	
  dirty	
  trap.	
  But	
  I	
  knew	
  that	
  all	
  of	
  us	
  
were	
  smart	
  enough	
  to	
  not	
  purchase	
  any	
  of	
  the	
  tea	
  sold	
  by	
  
that	
  company.	
  
We	
  were	
  being	
  taxed	
  non	
  stop	
  for	
  the	
  last	
  few	
  years,	
  the	
  
Townsend	
  act	
  was	
  still	
  in	
  place	
  and	
  now	
  King	
  George	
  III	
  
allowed	
  the	
  East	
  India	
  Company	
  to	
  sell	
  their	
  unused	
  tea	
  to	
  
us,	
  this	
  is	
  unbelievable.	
  After	
  the	
  Townsend	
  acts,	
  lots	
  of	
  
women	
  swore	
  that	
  they	
  would	
  not	
  marry	
  a	
  man	
  who	
  
bought	
  British	
  goods,	
  but	
  I	
  am	
  happy	
  about	
  this,	
  since	
  I	
  will	
  
never	
  buy	
  anything	
  from	
  the	
  British.	
  
It	
  started	
  with	
  the	
  sugar	
  act,	
  where	
  we	
  were	
  taxed	
  for	
  everything,	
  from	
  sugar	
  to	
  molasses.	
  Then	
  came	
  the	
  
stamp	
  act,	
  where	
  we	
  were	
  being	
  taxed	
  on	
  anything	
  to	
  do	
  with	
  paper,	
  the	
  most	
  ridiculous	
  thing	
  is	
  that	
  the	
  
British	
  used	
  our	
  money	
  to	
  stay	
  off	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  the	
  seven-­‐year	
  war.	
  Next	
  came	
  the	
  quartering	
  act,	
  which	
  was	
  
just	
  as	
  unreasonable	
  as	
  the	
  rest.	
  We	
  were	
  required	
  to	
  provide	
  needs	
  for	
  the	
  British	
  soldiers	
  who	
  passed	
  in	
  
the	
  area.	
  Since	
  our	
  family	
  was	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  wealthier	
  ones,	
  we	
  had	
  to	
  give	
  more	
  food	
  compared	
  to	
  our	
  
neighbors.	
  During	
  this	
  time,	
  our	
  family	
  lost	
  so	
  much	
  food	
  that	
  my	
  mother	
  had	
  to	
  work	
  extra	
  hours	
  to	
  get	
  
higher	
  pays	
  so	
  we	
  can	
  have	
  enough	
  to	
  eat.	
  After	
  these,	
  there	
  were	
  many	
  more	
  acts	
  that	
  kept	
  us	
  being	
  taxed	
  
from	
  all	
  kinds	
  of	
  things.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
Tea for a Price
The East Indian Company
was selling tea at such a
bargain price
With	
  all	
  the	
  taxes	
  that	
  were	
  imposed	
  on	
  us,	
  we	
  
are	
  actually	
  not	
  satis)ied	
  that	
  all	
  decisions	
  
related	
  to	
  taxation	
  were	
  made	
  by	
  the	
  British,	
  
those	
  living	
  across	
  the	
  ocean,	
  who	
  are	
  unaware	
  
of	
  what	
  we	
  think.	
  The	
  British	
  had	
  to	
  impose	
  
taxes	
  on	
  us,	
  so	
  we	
  could	
  constantly	
  be	
  reminded	
  
that	
  they	
  are	
  the	
  ones	
  are	
  in	
  control.	
  Now,	
  the	
  
slogan	
  Taxation	
  without	
  Representation	
  is	
  
used	
  to	
  describe	
  what	
  we	
  believe	
  in,	
  that	
  we	
  are	
  
being	
  taxed	
  without	
  anyone	
  to	
  represent	
  us	
  and	
  
have	
  no	
  say	
  in	
  anything.	
  This	
  slogan	
  is	
  correct,	
  
because	
  the	
  British	
  aren’t	
  even	
  thinking	
  about	
  
what	
  our	
  lives	
  would	
  result	
  in	
  with	
  all	
  the	
  taxes	
  
they	
  impose	
  on	
  us.	
  This	
  world	
  is	
  full	
  of	
  unfair	
  
things.	
  
Now,	
  the	
  British	
  is	
  even	
  allowing	
  the	
  East	
  India	
  
Company	
  to	
  sell	
  us	
  those	
  useless	
  teas,	
  so	
  we	
  can	
  
loose	
  more	
  money	
  and	
  they	
  can	
  earn	
  more?	
  
Those	
  ships	
  of	
  tea	
  have	
  to	
  be	
  turned	
  down	
  and	
  
shipped	
  back	
  to	
  Britain,	
  or	
  they	
  can	
  just	
  rot	
  on	
  
the	
  docks,	
  because	
  no	
  one	
  will	
  be	
  buying	
  them.	
  
That	
  is	
  what	
  they	
  will	
  get	
  for	
  maneuvering	
  us.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
A Piece of Freedom
A copy of the Declaration
of Independence that was
found on the newspaper
We	
  are	
  now	
  to	
  be	
  called	
  the	
  United	
  States	
  of	
  America!
One	
  of	
  the	
  best	
  things	
  happened	
  yesterday	
  in	
  my	
  life!	
  I	
  
can’t	
  explain	
  how	
  happy	
  and	
  excited	
  I	
  am.	
  The	
  
Declaration	
  of	
  Independence	
  was	
  signed	
  yesterday;	
  
there	
  is	
  )inally	
  a	
  spark	
  of	
  hope	
  for	
  us	
  to	
  be	
  free	
  from	
  
those	
  nasty	
  British	
  who	
  ruined	
  our	
  lives.	
  Everyone	
  was	
  
created	
  equal,	
  so	
  we	
  should	
  not	
  be	
  under	
  the	
  rule	
  of	
  the	
  
British.	
  I	
  even	
  heard	
  that	
  the	
  Declaration	
  was	
  voted	
  a	
  
few	
  days	
  ago	
  and	
  was	
  only	
  announced	
  to	
  us	
  yesterday.	
  
The	
  thirteen	
  colonies	
  are	
  now	
  announced	
  to	
  be	
  
independent	
  states	
  and	
  no	
  longer	
  part	
  of	
  the	
  British	
  
Empire.	
  I	
  can’t	
  imagine	
  how	
  life	
  would	
  change	
  without	
  
the	
  rule	
  of	
  King	
  George	
  III.	
  We	
  would	
  no	
  longer	
  have	
  to	
  
be	
  under	
  the	
  control	
  of	
  others,	
  we	
  would	
  be	
  free;	
  we	
  
would	
  )inally	
  have	
  our	
  natural	
  rights!	
  Natural	
  rights	
  are	
  
supposed	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  natural	
  law	
  for	
  all	
  human	
  beings,	
  
regardless	
  of	
  anything	
  else.	
  But	
  for	
  my	
  whole	
  life,	
  my	
  
natural	
  rights	
  were	
  taken	
  away,	
  now	
  I	
  can	
  )inally	
  have	
  
them	
  back!
Thursday, May 16, 13
A Piece of Freedom
When	
  I	
  picked	
  up	
  the	
  newspaper	
  today	
  before	
  work,	
  it	
  mentioned	
  that	
  it	
  was	
  Thomas	
  
Jefferson	
  who	
  wrote	
  the	
  Declaration	
  of	
  Independence,	
  since	
  he	
  was	
  known	
  for	
  his	
  forceful	
  
writing	
  style.	
  It	
  even	
  wrote	
  that	
  he	
  did	
  not	
  talk	
  much	
  during	
  the	
  conference,	
  but	
  he	
  was	
  
prompt,	
  frank,	
  and	
  decisive	
  that	
  many	
  people	
  gave	
  him	
  their	
  vote.	
  I	
  even	
  saw	
  that	
  the	
  preface	
  
was	
  summarized	
  that	
  all	
  humans	
  should	
  have	
  equal	
  rights.	
  When	
  I	
  read	
  that	
  part,	
  I	
  could	
  feel	
  
myself	
  being	
  more	
  excited	
  on	
  what	
  to	
  come;	
  I	
  can’t	
  wait	
  to	
  be	
  free	
  from	
  King	
  George	
  III.	
  The	
  
newspaper	
  even	
  told	
  the	
  public	
  that	
  facts	
  were	
  written	
  to	
  support	
  the	
  fact	
  that	
  the	
  King	
  of	
  
Great	
  Britain	
  is	
  only	
  going	
  to	
  cause	
  more	
  damage	
  to	
  America.	
  At	
  the	
  top	
  of	
  the	
  newspaper,	
  the	
  
headline	
  was	
  “Sign	
  your	
  John	
  Hancock”,	
  it	
  was	
  only	
  when	
  I	
  kept	
  on	
  reading	
  that	
  I	
  knew	
  what	
  it	
  
meant.	
  John	
  Hancock	
  signed	
  his	
  name	
  the	
  biggest	
  and	
  boldest	
  at	
  the	
  top	
  of	
  the	
  declaration	
  of	
  
independence,	
  so	
  King	
  George	
  III	
  could	
  read	
  it	
  without	
  his	
  glasses.	
  This	
  is	
  such	
  a	
  joke!
After	
  I	
  read	
  all	
  of	
  this,	
  I	
  ran	
  home	
  as	
  fast	
  as	
  I	
  could	
  and	
  handed	
  the	
  newspaper	
  to	
  mother	
  and	
  
father	
  so	
  they	
  can	
  also	
  join	
  in	
  with	
  me	
  for	
  the	
  excitement.	
  Brother	
  was	
  away,	
  but	
  I	
  hope	
  he	
  also	
  
heard	
  about	
  the	
  good	
  news.	
  That	
  evening,	
  I	
  even	
  forgot	
  about	
  work	
  and	
  just	
  stayed	
  home	
  all	
  
day	
  reading	
  through	
  the	
  newspaper	
  again	
  and	
  again	
  until	
  I	
  almost	
  memorized	
  the	
  whole	
  thing.
Signing	
  the	
  Declaration	
  of	
  Independence	
  gave	
  us	
  hope,	
  hope	
  to	
  be	
  persistent	
  and	
  never	
  give	
  
up	
  of	
  our	
  natural	
  rights.	
  I,	
  James	
  Johnson	
  have	
  already	
  committed	
  myself	
  as	
  a	
  soldier	
  who	
  will	
  
be	
  )ighting	
  in	
  the	
  Continental	
  Army,	
  led	
  by	
  Washington.	
  No	
  matter	
  how	
  much	
  stronger	
  and	
  
powerful	
  the	
  British	
  army	
  will	
  be,	
  but	
  I	
  know	
  that	
  all	
  the	
  American	
  soldiers	
  will	
  be	
  )ighting	
  for	
  
their	
  freedom,	
  for	
  their	
  independence,	
  so	
  we	
  will	
  never	
  give	
  up	
  that	
  easily.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
A Final Victory!
I was standing in the front
during the Battle of
Trenton
We	
  won!	
  The	
  sounds	
  of	
  victory	
  )illed	
  New	
  Jersey,	
  as	
  we	
  
celebrated	
  a	
  )inal	
  victory	
  against	
  the	
  Red	
  Coats	
  and	
  
Hessians.	
  After	
  suffering	
  several	
  defeats	
  in	
  New	
  York	
  for	
  the	
  
past	
  few	
  months,	
  the	
  )irst	
  major	
  victory	
  for	
  General	
  George	
  
Washington	
  and	
  us,	
  the	
  Continental	
  Army	
  )inally	
  
happened.	
  Battle	
  of	
  Trenton	
  helped	
  us	
  emerge	
  from	
  our	
  
darkest	
  moments.	
  
I	
  never	
  contacted	
  my	
  family	
  after	
  I	
  left	
  with	
  Washington	
  to	
  
cross	
  the	
  Delaware	
  River	
  on	
  that	
  cold	
  dark	
  night.	
  The	
  
temperature	
  was	
  below	
  zero	
  degrees	
  and	
  the	
  river	
  was	
  
running	
  with	
  )lowing	
  ice.	
  The	
  layer	
  of	
  frost	
  on	
  my	
  hands	
  
slowly	
  melted	
  when	
  I	
  stuck	
  them	
  into	
  my	
  warm	
  pocket,	
  but	
  I	
  
did	
  not	
  wear	
  any	
  shoes,	
  so	
  my	
  feet	
  were	
  as	
  red	
  as	
  a	
  tomato.	
  
Some	
  of	
  us	
  even	
  left	
  traces	
  of	
  blood	
  on	
  the	
  snow.	
  I	
  have	
  to	
  
say	
  that	
  the	
  walk	
  was	
  even	
  worse	
  than	
  the	
  actual	
  battle.	
  
Anthony	
  Anderson	
  was	
  next	
  to	
  me	
  during	
  the	
  walk	
  to	
  
Trenton,	
  after	
  a	
  few	
  miles,	
  he	
  almost	
  fainted	
  from	
  the	
  cold	
  
weather,	
  but	
  I	
  caught	
  him	
  just	
  in	
  time	
  before	
  he	
  fell	
  to	
  the	
  
ground.	
  I	
  stayed	
  back	
  with	
  him	
  while	
  the	
  others	
  kept	
  on	
  with	
  
the	
  marching	
  behind	
  Washington.	
  I	
  even	
  took	
  off	
  my	
  jacket	
  
and	
  gave	
  it	
  to	
  Anthony,	
  so	
  he	
  would	
  feel	
  warmer.	
  I	
  carried	
  
him	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  way,	
  with	
  his	
  arm	
  around	
  my	
  shoulder,	
  so	
  I	
  
could	
  support	
  his	
  weight.	
  Once	
  we	
  arrived	
  at	
  Trenton,	
  
Anthony’s	
  sickness	
  aggravated	
  and	
  died	
  of	
  hypothermia.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
A Final Victory!
The Hessian commander,
Colonel Rahl,
surrendered to General
George Washington at
the end of the battle
As	
  we	
  approached	
  the	
  Hessians,	
  we	
  saw	
  each	
  one	
  of	
  them	
  
drunk	
  and	
  partying,	
  not	
  knowing	
  that	
  we	
  planned	
  a	
  surprise	
  
attack	
  on	
  them.	
  Empty	
  wine	
  bottles	
  were	
  scattered	
  across	
  the	
  
ground.	
  They	
  were	
  probably	
  celebrating	
  the	
  past	
  victories	
  along	
  
with	
  Christmas,	
  while	
  we	
  were	
  trying	
  to	
  gain	
  a	
  victory.	
  When	
  the	
  
battle	
  started,	
  we	
  easily	
  defeated	
  the	
  Hessians.	
  It	
  was	
  the	
  
easiest	
  battle	
  ever!	
  I	
  was	
  very	
  careful	
  throughout	
  the	
  whole	
  
battle	
  and	
  didn’t	
  get	
  a	
  single	
  wound.	
  Just	
  after	
  45	
  minutes,	
  we	
  
took	
  918	
  prisoners,	
  1200	
  small	
  arms	
  and	
  a	
  large	
  amount	
  of	
  
supplies.	
  Washington	
  told	
  us	
  that	
  we	
  got	
  to	
  split	
  the	
  supplies,	
  
meaning	
  my	
  family	
  will	
  )inally	
  have	
  enough	
  to	
  eat	
  once	
  I	
  bring	
  
the	
  supplies	
  home.	
  How	
  generous	
  of	
  General	
  Washington!
Though	
  the	
  attack	
  only	
  took	
  place	
  this	
  morning,	
  but	
  the	
  9-­‐mile	
  
journey	
  crossing	
  Delaware	
  River	
  was	
  tough	
  for	
  all	
  of	
  us,	
  but	
  
most	
  of	
  us	
  still	
  made	
  it.	
  Yesterday	
  was	
  Christmas	
  night,	
  but	
  I	
  
could	
  not	
  be	
  home	
  with	
  my	
  family	
  to	
  celebrate,	
  instead	
  I	
  was	
  
)ighting	
  for	
  my	
  freedom	
  and	
  America’s	
  independence.	
  Kathy	
  and	
  
the	
  kids	
  must	
  be	
  so	
  worried	
  at	
  home,	
  but	
  I	
  had	
  to	
  )ight	
  in	
  this	
  
battle.	
  In	
  the	
  end,	
  I	
  have	
  to	
  say	
  that	
  the	
  victory	
  was	
  one	
  of	
  my	
  
best	
  Christmas	
  presents	
  ever!
Though	
  I’m	
  only	
  28	
  years	
  old,	
  but	
  most	
  of	
  my	
  colleagues	
  who	
  
fought	
  in	
  the	
  battle	
  are	
  only	
  early	
  in	
  their	
  20’s.	
  Unlike	
  me,	
  they	
  
have	
  no	
  wife,	
  no	
  kids	
  to	
  worry	
  about	
  back	
  at	
  home.	
  After	
  this	
  
successful	
  battle,	
  our	
  hope	
  for	
  independence	
  regained.	
  Just	
  
another	
  few	
  more	
  days	
  and	
  I	
  will	
  be	
  back	
  home	
  in	
  Philadelphia,	
  
with	
  the	
  rest	
  of	
  my	
  family.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
The Treaty of Independence
I was fighting in front
during the Battle of
Yorktown, not caring
whether I would live or
die, just wanting to end
the battle
America	
  is	
  independent!	
  The	
  United	
  States	
  of	
  America	
  is	
  now	
  
considered	
  as	
  a	
  free	
  nation!	
  The	
  revolution	
  )inally	
  came	
  to	
  an	
  end!	
  
After	
  the	
  victory	
  at	
  Yorktown,	
  all	
  of	
  us	
  had	
  to	
  move	
  to	
  New	
  York,	
  
where	
  we	
  remained	
  until	
  yesterday.	
  I	
  only	
  arrived	
  back	
  home	
  
yesterday,	
  after	
  the	
  Treaty	
  of	
  Paris	
  was	
  signed,	
  formally	
  ending	
  the	
  
war.	
  Before	
  I	
  even	
  entered	
  the	
  small	
  townhouse	
  we	
  were	
  living	
  in,	
  I	
  
could	
  already	
  smell	
  the	
  delicious	
  food	
  Kathy	
  was	
  cooking.	
  I	
  followed	
  
the	
  smell,	
  which	
  led	
  me	
  to	
  the	
  kitchen,	
  where	
  she	
  was	
  cooking	
  
dinner,	
  I	
  was	
  so	
  happy	
  I	
  was	
  back	
  home.	
  I	
  crept	
  behind	
  her,	
  giving	
  
her	
  a	
  big	
  surprise,	
  she	
  was	
  so	
  happy	
  to	
  see	
  me	
  back	
  home	
  safely	
  
from	
  war.	
  She	
  thought	
  she	
  would	
  never	
  see	
  me	
  again	
  after	
  I	
  left	
  last	
  
time.	
  We	
  spent	
  the	
  rest	
  of	
  the	
  night	
  together,	
  I	
  told	
  her	
  everything	
  
that	
  happened	
  to	
  me	
  at	
  war,	
  all	
  the	
  hard	
  times	
  that	
  in	
  the	
  end	
  led	
  to	
  
victory.	
  While	
  she	
  told	
  me	
  about	
  what	
  happened	
  back	
  at	
  home,	
  
about	
  how	
  much	
  our	
  kids	
  have	
  grown	
  and	
  matured	
  since	
  I	
  last	
  saw	
  
them.	
  
During	
  the	
  battle	
  of	
  Yorktown,	
  we	
  were	
  allies	
  with	
  the	
  French,	
  
)ighting	
  against	
  the	
  red	
  coats,	
  who	
  were	
  led	
  by	
  Lord	
  Cornwallis.	
  
Our	
  army	
  outnumbered	
  the	
  British;	
  there	
  were	
  three	
  of	
  us	
  )ighting	
  
against	
  one	
  red	
  coat.	
  I	
  still	
  remembered	
  that	
  before	
  the	
  battle	
  
started,	
  General	
  George	
  Washington	
  made	
  sure	
  that	
  everyone	
  
dressed	
  the	
  best	
  they	
  could.	
  My	
  blue	
  coat	
  had	
  not	
  a	
  single	
  wrinkle	
  in	
  
it.	
  I	
  was	
  standing	
  right	
  behind	
  Washington,	
  holding	
  my	
  ri)le	
  on	
  my	
  
right	
  hand,	
  getting	
  ready	
  to	
  )ire.	
  I	
  knew	
  this	
  was	
  going	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  last	
  
battle	
  that	
  I	
  will	
  be	
  )ighting	
  in,	
  so	
  I	
  had	
  to	
  make	
  the	
  best	
  out	
  of	
  it,	
  
killing	
  as	
  many	
  British	
  soldiers	
  as	
  possible.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
The Treaty of Independence
Signature page of the Treaty
of Paris that was found on
the daily newspaper
At	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  battle,	
  the	
  British	
  marched	
  out	
  to	
  surrender	
  to	
  us.	
  I	
  have	
  to	
  say	
  that	
  
watching	
  a	
  group	
  of	
  people	
  who	
  kept	
  your	
  freedom	
  for	
  your	
  whole	
  lives,	
  surrendering	
  
to	
  you	
  was	
  an	
  indescribable	
  feeling.	
  I	
  stood	
  there	
  like	
  I	
  was	
  the	
  General,	
  like	
  I	
  was	
  the	
  
one	
  who	
  was	
  now	
  holding	
  onto	
  their	
  freedom,	
  but	
  realistically	
  I	
  was	
  just	
  a	
  soldier	
  
)ighting	
  for	
  his	
  freedom.	
  The	
  Battle	
  of	
  Yorktown	
  is	
  going	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  battle	
  that	
  I	
  will	
  
remember	
  for	
  the	
  rest	
  of	
  my	
  life.	
  It	
  is	
  the	
  battle	
  that	
  led	
  to	
  our	
  freedom	
  and	
  America’s	
  
independence.	
  
The	
  end	
  of	
  this	
  war	
  brought	
  back	
  our	
  freedom,	
  our	
  natural	
  rights	
  that	
  we	
  were	
  all	
  
longing	
  for	
  the	
  day	
  we	
  were	
  born.	
  The	
  13	
  colonies	
  that	
  were	
  under	
  the	
  rule	
  of	
  British	
  
)inally	
  gained	
  their	
  own	
  independence.	
  
Even	
  though	
  the	
  war	
  had	
  ended	
  and	
  the	
  Treaty	
  of	
  Paris	
  is	
  signed,	
  but	
  a	
  battle	
  has	
  just	
  
begun	
  for	
  the	
  American’s,	
  a	
  battle	
  to	
  create	
  a	
  new	
  nation,	
  a	
  nation	
  without	
  the	
  rule	
  of	
  
Britain.	
  
Thursday, May 16, 13
Bibliography
Causes of the American Revolution: Countdown to Independence Video Dialog, 1993 . Full Video. Discovery Education.
Web. 1 May 2013. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>.
American History: Road to Revolution Discovery Education, 2006 . Full Video. Discovery Education. Web. 1 May
2013. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>.
Higginbotham, Don. "American Revolution." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 30 Apr. 2013.
"The Declaration of Independence." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013.
Washington, George. "George Washington Describes the Continental Army's Needs." Digital History. Digital History, n.d.
Web. 02 May 2013.
"Treaty of Alliance with France." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013.
"The War in the South." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013.
"Thomas Jefferson Describes the Revolutionary War in the South." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013.
"Treaty of Paris." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013.
"The Battle of Trenton." British Battles. British Battles, n.d. Web. 13 May 2013.
Pires, Justin. "Boston Heritage of a City." Boston Heritage of a City. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013.
Iden, Emily. "US 1 EXAM." Study Blue. N.p., 21 Jan. 2013. Web. 13 May 2013.
"The Boston Massacre, Ca. 1868." History Matters. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013.
"Declaration of Independence." The Charters of Freedom. The Charters of Freedom, n.d. Web. 13 May 2013.
Jonathan. "Boston T Party." Boston T Party. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013.
"The Battle of Yorktown 1781." British Battles. British Battles, 2002. Web. 14 May 2013.
"The Treaty of Paris." Constitution Facts. Oak Hill Company, n.d. Web. 14 May 2013.
Thursday, May 16, 13

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Patriot journal keynote

  • 1. James Johnson - Patriot Rebecca Chao Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 2. Sounds of Boston I was raising the club against the Red Coats That  horri)ic  scene  still  remained  in  my  head.  People  around   me  were  dead  and  wounded,  puddles  of  blood  lying   everywhere.  All  I  remember  was  that  I  saw  one  of  the  red   coats  point  a  gun  towards  me  and  I  held  the  heavy  club  higher   and  advanced  towards  him,  but  before  anything  else   happened,  I  felt  a  bullet  skid  past  my  skin.  After  that,  I  fainted   and  did  not  know  what  happened  next.  When  I  opened  my   eyes  again,  I  was  sitting  against  a  wall,  with  cloth  wrapped   around  the  wounded  area.  There  was  only  little  blood,  but  the   pain  was  only  increasing.  Though  I  was  injured  and  stumbled   as  I  walked,  but  I  still  went  around  trying  to  help  those  who   were  more  severely  injured.  The  crowds  faded  and  people   were  helping  with  the  wounded  and  carrying  away  the  dead.   The  seven-­‐year  war  just  ended  a  few  years  ago,  it  had  )inally   become  rather  peaceful.  Father  )inally  returned  home  from   war,  he  was  forced  to  )ight  for  King  George  III.  Most  of  his   wounds  had  just  healed  and  he  is  )inally  able  to  stand  up  and   walk,  but  there  is  still  a  large  scar  on  the  back  of  his  right  leg   from  the  bullet  that  shot  right  through.  Many  thought  that  it   would  be  peaceful  for  another  few  years,  since  American’s  and   Britain’s  were  allies  during  the  French-­‐Indian  war.  But  no,   King  George  III  and  Parliaments  were  imposing  taxes  on  us;   trying  to  get  back  the  money  they  lost  during  the  seven-­‐year   war.  It  started  with  the  Sugar  act,  then  the  stamp  act,   quartering  act,  declaratory  act,  and  Townsend  act,  all  these   acts  caused  many  trouble  for  our  family.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 3. Sounds of Boston I was lying on the ground after being shot by a rifle Now  after  the  Boston  Massacre,  peace  will  never  come   back  again.  That  morning,  we  gathered  at  the  local   customs  house  to  show  our  fury  over  the  numerous  taxes   Parliament  that  we  were  required  to  pay.  The  soldiers   who  were  protecting  the  customs  house  were  arguing   with  us,  and  a  young  man  was  even  smashed  on  the  head   with  the  end  of  a  ri)le  by  one  of  the  sentries.  How  dare  the   red  coats  do  such  thing  to  us  normal  citizens!   The  thirteen  soldiers  who  stood  opposite  us  held  long   ri)les  that  caused  white  puffs  of  smoke  in  the  air  as  it  )ired.   Only  some  of  us  had  heavy  clubs,  while  others  had  to  )ind   stones  and  snowballs  so  they  would  actually  be  armed   and  could  defend  themselves.  The  soldiers  were  dared  to   )ire,  but  their  commander  that  day,  Captain  Thomas   Preston  did  not  give  the  order.  When  I  turned  my  head   around  to  see  the  reactions  of  those  behind  me,  I  suddenly   heard  a  gunshot  and  everything  after  that  was  a  blur.   I  have  to  say  that  what  happened  yesterday  was   outrageous,  it  was  the  )irst  time  I  saw  that  much  blood   and  one  of  the  most  horri)ic  scenes  I  have  been  through.  I   knew  that  this  is  only  going  to  be  the  beginning  of  an   endless  revolution.     Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 4. Tea for a Price We were not happy about the Tea Act I’m  about  to  explode!  I  can’t  explain  in  words  how  furious  I   was  after  hearing  about  the  Tea  Act.  It  was  passed  by  the   parliament  yesterday.  The  East  India  Company  was  selling   tea  at  such  a  bargain  price.  The  price  was  so  low  that  it  was   unreal;  it  was  for  sure  that  they  were  trying  to  use  us  for   their  own  good.  There  were  18  million  pounds  of  unsold   tea,  sitting  on  the  dock,  waiting  for  us  colonists  to  purchase   them  and  fall  into  their  dirty  trap.  But  I  knew  that  all  of  us   were  smart  enough  to  not  purchase  any  of  the  tea  sold  by   that  company.   We  were  being  taxed  non  stop  for  the  last  few  years,  the   Townsend  act  was  still  in  place  and  now  King  George  III   allowed  the  East  India  Company  to  sell  their  unused  tea  to   us,  this  is  unbelievable.  After  the  Townsend  acts,  lots  of   women  swore  that  they  would  not  marry  a  man  who   bought  British  goods,  but  I  am  happy  about  this,  since  I  will   never  buy  anything  from  the  British.   It  started  with  the  sugar  act,  where  we  were  taxed  for  everything,  from  sugar  to  molasses.  Then  came  the   stamp  act,  where  we  were  being  taxed  on  anything  to  do  with  paper,  the  most  ridiculous  thing  is  that  the   British  used  our  money  to  stay  off  the  cost  of  the  seven-­‐year  war.  Next  came  the  quartering  act,  which  was   just  as  unreasonable  as  the  rest.  We  were  required  to  provide  needs  for  the  British  soldiers  who  passed  in   the  area.  Since  our  family  was  one  of  the  wealthier  ones,  we  had  to  give  more  food  compared  to  our   neighbors.  During  this  time,  our  family  lost  so  much  food  that  my  mother  had  to  work  extra  hours  to  get   higher  pays  so  we  can  have  enough  to  eat.  After  these,  there  were  many  more  acts  that  kept  us  being  taxed   from  all  kinds  of  things.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 5. Tea for a Price The East Indian Company was selling tea at such a bargain price With  all  the  taxes  that  were  imposed  on  us,  we   are  actually  not  satis)ied  that  all  decisions   related  to  taxation  were  made  by  the  British,   those  living  across  the  ocean,  who  are  unaware   of  what  we  think.  The  British  had  to  impose   taxes  on  us,  so  we  could  constantly  be  reminded   that  they  are  the  ones  are  in  control.  Now,  the   slogan  Taxation  without  Representation  is   used  to  describe  what  we  believe  in,  that  we  are   being  taxed  without  anyone  to  represent  us  and   have  no  say  in  anything.  This  slogan  is  correct,   because  the  British  aren’t  even  thinking  about   what  our  lives  would  result  in  with  all  the  taxes   they  impose  on  us.  This  world  is  full  of  unfair   things.   Now,  the  British  is  even  allowing  the  East  India   Company  to  sell  us  those  useless  teas,  so  we  can   loose  more  money  and  they  can  earn  more?   Those  ships  of  tea  have  to  be  turned  down  and   shipped  back  to  Britain,  or  they  can  just  rot  on   the  docks,  because  no  one  will  be  buying  them.   That  is  what  they  will  get  for  maneuvering  us.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 6. A Piece of Freedom A copy of the Declaration of Independence that was found on the newspaper We  are  now  to  be  called  the  United  States  of  America! One  of  the  best  things  happened  yesterday  in  my  life!  I   can’t  explain  how  happy  and  excited  I  am.  The   Declaration  of  Independence  was  signed  yesterday;   there  is  )inally  a  spark  of  hope  for  us  to  be  free  from   those  nasty  British  who  ruined  our  lives.  Everyone  was   created  equal,  so  we  should  not  be  under  the  rule  of  the   British.  I  even  heard  that  the  Declaration  was  voted  a   few  days  ago  and  was  only  announced  to  us  yesterday.   The  thirteen  colonies  are  now  announced  to  be   independent  states  and  no  longer  part  of  the  British   Empire.  I  can’t  imagine  how  life  would  change  without   the  rule  of  King  George  III.  We  would  no  longer  have  to   be  under  the  control  of  others,  we  would  be  free;  we   would  )inally  have  our  natural  rights!  Natural  rights  are   supposed  to  be  the  natural  law  for  all  human  beings,   regardless  of  anything  else.  But  for  my  whole  life,  my   natural  rights  were  taken  away,  now  I  can  )inally  have   them  back! Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 7. A Piece of Freedom When  I  picked  up  the  newspaper  today  before  work,  it  mentioned  that  it  was  Thomas   Jefferson  who  wrote  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  since  he  was  known  for  his  forceful   writing  style.  It  even  wrote  that  he  did  not  talk  much  during  the  conference,  but  he  was   prompt,  frank,  and  decisive  that  many  people  gave  him  their  vote.  I  even  saw  that  the  preface   was  summarized  that  all  humans  should  have  equal  rights.  When  I  read  that  part,  I  could  feel   myself  being  more  excited  on  what  to  come;  I  can’t  wait  to  be  free  from  King  George  III.  The   newspaper  even  told  the  public  that  facts  were  written  to  support  the  fact  that  the  King  of   Great  Britain  is  only  going  to  cause  more  damage  to  America.  At  the  top  of  the  newspaper,  the   headline  was  “Sign  your  John  Hancock”,  it  was  only  when  I  kept  on  reading  that  I  knew  what  it   meant.  John  Hancock  signed  his  name  the  biggest  and  boldest  at  the  top  of  the  declaration  of   independence,  so  King  George  III  could  read  it  without  his  glasses.  This  is  such  a  joke! After  I  read  all  of  this,  I  ran  home  as  fast  as  I  could  and  handed  the  newspaper  to  mother  and   father  so  they  can  also  join  in  with  me  for  the  excitement.  Brother  was  away,  but  I  hope  he  also   heard  about  the  good  news.  That  evening,  I  even  forgot  about  work  and  just  stayed  home  all   day  reading  through  the  newspaper  again  and  again  until  I  almost  memorized  the  whole  thing. Signing  the  Declaration  of  Independence  gave  us  hope,  hope  to  be  persistent  and  never  give   up  of  our  natural  rights.  I,  James  Johnson  have  already  committed  myself  as  a  soldier  who  will   be  )ighting  in  the  Continental  Army,  led  by  Washington.  No  matter  how  much  stronger  and   powerful  the  British  army  will  be,  but  I  know  that  all  the  American  soldiers  will  be  )ighting  for   their  freedom,  for  their  independence,  so  we  will  never  give  up  that  easily.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 8. A Final Victory! I was standing in the front during the Battle of Trenton We  won!  The  sounds  of  victory  )illed  New  Jersey,  as  we   celebrated  a  )inal  victory  against  the  Red  Coats  and   Hessians.  After  suffering  several  defeats  in  New  York  for  the   past  few  months,  the  )irst  major  victory  for  General  George   Washington  and  us,  the  Continental  Army  )inally   happened.  Battle  of  Trenton  helped  us  emerge  from  our   darkest  moments.   I  never  contacted  my  family  after  I  left  with  Washington  to   cross  the  Delaware  River  on  that  cold  dark  night.  The   temperature  was  below  zero  degrees  and  the  river  was   running  with  )lowing  ice.  The  layer  of  frost  on  my  hands   slowly  melted  when  I  stuck  them  into  my  warm  pocket,  but  I   did  not  wear  any  shoes,  so  my  feet  were  as  red  as  a  tomato.   Some  of  us  even  left  traces  of  blood  on  the  snow.  I  have  to   say  that  the  walk  was  even  worse  than  the  actual  battle.   Anthony  Anderson  was  next  to  me  during  the  walk  to   Trenton,  after  a  few  miles,  he  almost  fainted  from  the  cold   weather,  but  I  caught  him  just  in  time  before  he  fell  to  the   ground.  I  stayed  back  with  him  while  the  others  kept  on  with   the  marching  behind  Washington.  I  even  took  off  my  jacket   and  gave  it  to  Anthony,  so  he  would  feel  warmer.  I  carried   him  most  of  the  way,  with  his  arm  around  my  shoulder,  so  I   could  support  his  weight.  Once  we  arrived  at  Trenton,   Anthony’s  sickness  aggravated  and  died  of  hypothermia.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 9. A Final Victory! The Hessian commander, Colonel Rahl, surrendered to General George Washington at the end of the battle As  we  approached  the  Hessians,  we  saw  each  one  of  them   drunk  and  partying,  not  knowing  that  we  planned  a  surprise   attack  on  them.  Empty  wine  bottles  were  scattered  across  the   ground.  They  were  probably  celebrating  the  past  victories  along   with  Christmas,  while  we  were  trying  to  gain  a  victory.  When  the   battle  started,  we  easily  defeated  the  Hessians.  It  was  the   easiest  battle  ever!  I  was  very  careful  throughout  the  whole   battle  and  didn’t  get  a  single  wound.  Just  after  45  minutes,  we   took  918  prisoners,  1200  small  arms  and  a  large  amount  of   supplies.  Washington  told  us  that  we  got  to  split  the  supplies,   meaning  my  family  will  )inally  have  enough  to  eat  once  I  bring   the  supplies  home.  How  generous  of  General  Washington! Though  the  attack  only  took  place  this  morning,  but  the  9-­‐mile   journey  crossing  Delaware  River  was  tough  for  all  of  us,  but   most  of  us  still  made  it.  Yesterday  was  Christmas  night,  but  I   could  not  be  home  with  my  family  to  celebrate,  instead  I  was   )ighting  for  my  freedom  and  America’s  independence.  Kathy  and   the  kids  must  be  so  worried  at  home,  but  I  had  to  )ight  in  this   battle.  In  the  end,  I  have  to  say  that  the  victory  was  one  of  my   best  Christmas  presents  ever! Though  I’m  only  28  years  old,  but  most  of  my  colleagues  who   fought  in  the  battle  are  only  early  in  their  20’s.  Unlike  me,  they   have  no  wife,  no  kids  to  worry  about  back  at  home.  After  this   successful  battle,  our  hope  for  independence  regained.  Just   another  few  more  days  and  I  will  be  back  home  in  Philadelphia,   with  the  rest  of  my  family.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 10. The Treaty of Independence I was fighting in front during the Battle of Yorktown, not caring whether I would live or die, just wanting to end the battle America  is  independent!  The  United  States  of  America  is  now   considered  as  a  free  nation!  The  revolution  )inally  came  to  an  end!   After  the  victory  at  Yorktown,  all  of  us  had  to  move  to  New  York,   where  we  remained  until  yesterday.  I  only  arrived  back  home   yesterday,  after  the  Treaty  of  Paris  was  signed,  formally  ending  the   war.  Before  I  even  entered  the  small  townhouse  we  were  living  in,  I   could  already  smell  the  delicious  food  Kathy  was  cooking.  I  followed   the  smell,  which  led  me  to  the  kitchen,  where  she  was  cooking   dinner,  I  was  so  happy  I  was  back  home.  I  crept  behind  her,  giving   her  a  big  surprise,  she  was  so  happy  to  see  me  back  home  safely   from  war.  She  thought  she  would  never  see  me  again  after  I  left  last   time.  We  spent  the  rest  of  the  night  together,  I  told  her  everything   that  happened  to  me  at  war,  all  the  hard  times  that  in  the  end  led  to   victory.  While  she  told  me  about  what  happened  back  at  home,   about  how  much  our  kids  have  grown  and  matured  since  I  last  saw   them.   During  the  battle  of  Yorktown,  we  were  allies  with  the  French,   )ighting  against  the  red  coats,  who  were  led  by  Lord  Cornwallis.   Our  army  outnumbered  the  British;  there  were  three  of  us  )ighting   against  one  red  coat.  I  still  remembered  that  before  the  battle   started,  General  George  Washington  made  sure  that  everyone   dressed  the  best  they  could.  My  blue  coat  had  not  a  single  wrinkle  in   it.  I  was  standing  right  behind  Washington,  holding  my  ri)le  on  my   right  hand,  getting  ready  to  )ire.  I  knew  this  was  going  to  be  the  last   battle  that  I  will  be  )ighting  in,  so  I  had  to  make  the  best  out  of  it,   killing  as  many  British  soldiers  as  possible.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 11. The Treaty of Independence Signature page of the Treaty of Paris that was found on the daily newspaper At  the  end  of  the  battle,  the  British  marched  out  to  surrender  to  us.  I  have  to  say  that   watching  a  group  of  people  who  kept  your  freedom  for  your  whole  lives,  surrendering   to  you  was  an  indescribable  feeling.  I  stood  there  like  I  was  the  General,  like  I  was  the   one  who  was  now  holding  onto  their  freedom,  but  realistically  I  was  just  a  soldier   )ighting  for  his  freedom.  The  Battle  of  Yorktown  is  going  to  be  the  battle  that  I  will   remember  for  the  rest  of  my  life.  It  is  the  battle  that  led  to  our  freedom  and  America’s   independence.   The  end  of  this  war  brought  back  our  freedom,  our  natural  rights  that  we  were  all   longing  for  the  day  we  were  born.  The  13  colonies  that  were  under  the  rule  of  British   )inally  gained  their  own  independence.   Even  though  the  war  had  ended  and  the  Treaty  of  Paris  is  signed,  but  a  battle  has  just   begun  for  the  American’s,  a  battle  to  create  a  new  nation,  a  nation  without  the  rule  of   Britain.   Thursday, May 16, 13
  • 12. Bibliography Causes of the American Revolution: Countdown to Independence Video Dialog, 1993 . Full Video. Discovery Education. Web. 1 May 2013. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. American History: Road to Revolution Discovery Education, 2006 . Full Video. Discovery Education. Web. 1 May 2013. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. Higginbotham, Don. "American Revolution." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 30 Apr. 2013. "The Declaration of Independence." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013. Washington, George. "George Washington Describes the Continental Army's Needs." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013. "Treaty of Alliance with France." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013. "The War in the South." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013. "Thomas Jefferson Describes the Revolutionary War in the South." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013. "Treaty of Paris." Digital History. Digital History, n.d. Web. 02 May 2013. "The Battle of Trenton." British Battles. British Battles, n.d. Web. 13 May 2013. Pires, Justin. "Boston Heritage of a City." Boston Heritage of a City. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013. Iden, Emily. "US 1 EXAM." Study Blue. N.p., 21 Jan. 2013. Web. 13 May 2013. "The Boston Massacre, Ca. 1868." History Matters. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013. "Declaration of Independence." The Charters of Freedom. The Charters of Freedom, n.d. Web. 13 May 2013. Jonathan. "Boston T Party." Boston T Party. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013. "The Battle of Yorktown 1781." British Battles. British Battles, 2002. Web. 14 May 2013. "The Treaty of Paris." Constitution Facts. Oak Hill Company, n.d. Web. 14 May 2013. Thursday, May 16, 13