This is a presentation required for the HKBU GIS major core course POLS 3620, with the topic "drugs in Europe and Asia". Prepared by Chiu Chi Hon Ryan and Lau Sin Ming Rebecca

1. 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
in Europe and Asia

2. Introduction: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Drug Usage
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
*Cannabis is the most commonly used drug within the EU
At least 45 million [18%] people having tried it at least once in their lives
**There are 64,580,000 estimated illicit cannabis users in 2008
aged 15-64 years in Asia
*Data from EU Commission Report, 1999
**Data from World Drug Report 2010

3. Introduction: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Drug Business
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Wholesale heroin prices are
increasing during drug trafficking
Current drug trade is
worth 400 billion
USD or 8% of all
international trade.

4. Introduction: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Drug Perception
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca

5. Creative Wallpaper about
Cannabis could easily be found
on the Internet.
But the makers are mostly the

6. History of Drug use: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Introduction
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Human drug abuse began thousands of years ago
China Cannabis
麻黃 Ephedra
Egypt Opium
India
The Middle East
Americas
Medicinal purposes
General health tonics

7. History of Drug use: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Asia
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
During the 18th and 19th Century
Western Asia Eastern Asia
In the 11th Chinese emperors in the
century, Persian soldiers
Iran 3000 B.C.E. ate or
would smoke hashish to China
As an important source brewed cannabis in tea
Supply from India, Turkey and
prepare for battle
of global opium supply Iran
South-West Asia
Sumerians recorded a “joy plant”
(Presumably Opium poppy)

8. History of Drug use: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Europe
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Rome
The use of cannabis is mentioned as a
Many derivatives are available: Examples
are Morphineremedy.
medical and Heroin
Manufacture Germanyopium-based
of many
People believed that onewith harmless-
preparations and tonics of the goddess
soundinginhabited inside the cannabis
indeed names, like Children's Comfort
and Mother Bailey's Quieting Syrup
During the 18th
and 19th Century

9. History of Drug use: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Europe & Asia
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
The drug production and consumption relationship
Opium as a commodity to reshape the trade balances
British total exports
of Bengal opium By 1830s, By 1850s,
By 1800
127
mt.
6,372 mt.
11% 17%
By 1857 Of the total revenues of the British
administration in India contributed
by opium sales

10. *Contemporary Drug use: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Asia *The 20th & 10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
21st Century
Afghanistan produces
of the world's opium poppy
From World drug report 2010
Myanmar accounts for 21%
China: 0.25% of the world’s supply of opium
Myanmar: 0.6% Laos accounted for about 4%
Drug Consumption Drug Production

11. *Contemporary Drug use: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Europe *The 20th & 10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
21st Century
Drugs also became associated with
particular forms of music and life-
styles
1960s Mods
1970s Punk
1980s Rap Drug Consumption

12. *Contemporary Drug use:*The 20th 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Europe & Asia & 21st
Century

13. 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Analysis 10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Independent establishment of drug-use customs
Inter-influences between cultures due to the political and military expansion
and the more extensive sea travel
Emergence of different drugs due to advanced technology
The cultural revolutions of the 60s and the 70s were one of the factors led to
the growth of the drug culture in Western countries
Globalization enhance the drug business by producing global consumer and
producer

14. Drug policy and Penalty: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Asia
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Drug problem is seriously concerned
Drugs as a regional and transnational issue
This year, the first “Training Course on Drugs Analysis and
Identification for Asian Countries” (亚洲国家毒品检测专题培
训班) is introduced by China’s People Public Security University
Death Penalty is NOT RARE in
China, Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, Afghanistan, Viet
nam, Pakistan

15. Drug policy and Penalty: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Europe
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
The general aim of EU Policy:
A balanced approach of combining demand and supply reduction
Specific EU member states policy --- Netherland:
1. Soft drugs are regarded as low-risk
2. The sale of small quantities for drugs for personal use is openly tolerated
3. One of first countries to introduce heroin-assisted treatment and safe injection
sites

16. 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Analysis 10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
The EU policy is more balanced with greater emphasis on
demand reduction
Policies from punitive measures to prevention and care
Consensus that prisons are not appropriate places for drug
addicts.

17. Drug Perception: 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Europe & Asia
10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
In Asia:
Europe:

18. 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Conclusion 10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
Whether you like it or not, the drugs business has been around
us for centuries
Whether you believe it or not, if we are totally drug-free, many
people would lose the meaning of life, while more would lose
their livings
Compared to Asians, Europeans take drug abuse as a health
issue, rather than a criminal one
Drugs somehow represent a life style in the West, while in the
East they are the symbol of “Sick Man of Asia”

19. 08021090 Chiu Chi Hon, Ryan
Reference 10003770 Lau Sin Ming, Rebecca
http://www.unodc.org/unodc/index.html
http://blog.thegooddrugsguide.com/0754/7-countries-where-drug-lords-lord-
it-over/
http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/health/article-24005027-dr-christian-jessen-
evidently-the-drug-laws-dont-work.do
http://www.arbitragemagazine.com/topics/culture/worlds-drug-addicted-
countries/
http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/hemp/history/first12000/1.htm
http://forums.skadi.net/showthread.php?t=16621
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/01/0121_040121_medicinal
plants.html
http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index6790EN.html
The political Economy of Narcotics: Production, consumption and Global
Markets – Julia Buxton
Anti-drugs policies of the European Union: Transnational Decision-making and
the Politics of Expertise – Martin Elvins
The Politics of Drugs: from production to consumption - Peadar King
Drugs in Society: Causes, concepts and control – Michael D. Lyman
The Golden Triangle: inside Southeast Asia’s drug trade – Ko-Lin Chin