1. How can we
describe earth’s
features?
Continued

2. Features of the ocean floor
Continental shelf
Continental shelf
Is the ocean floor along a
continent’s coast.
(The ocean floor is covered by shallow
water that slowly slopes down)

3. Continental Slope
Continental
Slope
The sharp slope at which the
continental shelf ends

4. Continental rise
Continental rise
Is the gentle slope after the
continental slope

5. Abyssal plain
Abyssal plain
A wide flat area on the ocean floor
(Found near mouths of large rivers)

6. Submarine
canyon
Is a steep side valley in a
continental slope.
(Found near mouths of large rivers)

7. Trenches
Deepest part of the ocean floor
(Usually long and narrow)

8. Sea mount
An underwater mountain that rises
from the ocean floor but stops
before it reaches the surface of the
water.

9. Mid ocean ridges
Underwater mountain ranges.

10. Rift valley
The valley down the center of a mid
ocean ridge.

11. Scientists can tell the depth of the
ocean floor by sending sounds into
the ocean and waiting for the echo
to come back.

13. Underwater vehicle
(To explore ocean floor)

15. Atmosphere
In latin:
‘Sphere’ means ball
‘Atmos’ means gas.
So,
Atmosphere is a ball
of gas.
Hydrosphere
In latin:
‘Sphere’ means ball
‘Hydro’ means water.
So,
Hydrosphere is a
ball of water.

16. Crust
Upper mantle
Lower
mantle
Outer core
Outer core
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere

17. Crust
- The rocky layer of
earth’s surface.
- The crust includes
continents and
ocean basins.

18. The Mantle is made of layers.
(The mantle makes up most of the earth’s mass)
Upper mantle
- The top of the upper
mantle is solid rock.
- Top of upper mantle +
crust = LITHOSPHERE
- The rest of the upper
mantle is made of melted
rock
(ASTHENOSPHERE).
Lower mantle
- The Lower mantle is made
of solid rock.

19. The Core is the center of the earth.
(The core is divided into outer and inner core)
Outer core
- The outer core is made of
Liquid (melted) metals.
Inner core
- The inner core is made of
solid metals.

21. Biosphere.
(Includes parts of the earth where living things are
found)
What layers of the earth
makes up the earth’s
biosphere?
The atmosphere, hydrosphere and crust