1. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 1
Vocabulary
oGalilean moons (393) – The four largest moons of Jupiter – Io, Europa, Ganymede, and
Callisto – which were first discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610
The Gas Giants
oThe outer planets are called the
___________________________ because
they are primarily made of hydrogen and helium.
oThey have strong gravitational forces due to their large masses.
o The strong gravity creates tremendous atmospheric pressure that changes
gases to_______________________.
o Most these planets have thick gas and liquid interiors covering a small,
____________ core
Jupiter
oLargest planet
o ____________times the diameter of Earth
o Twice the mass of all the other planets combined
 ___________________faster than any other planet
 Like all outer planets, it has a ring system
Jupiter’s Atmosphere

2. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 2
o90%____________________, 10% helium
o1000km deep
oDense, colorful clouds
oBecause Jupiter rotates so quickly, the clouds stretch
into __________________
oThe Great Red Spot is a ___________________of
swirling gases
Jupiter’s Structure
o80% hydrogen, 20% helium
oThick solid ___________________
o1000km past the outer edge of the cloud layer, the pressure is so great
________________________ gas changes to liquid
oScientists do not know what the core is made of
o They suspect it is rock and _________________
The Moons of Jupiter
oJupiter has at least _______________ moons
oThe 4 largest were discovered by Galileo in 1610
o We call these ________________________ Moons
Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto

3. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 3
oAll made of rock and ice
oCollisions between Jupiter’s moons and meteorites likely resulted in Jupiter’s
_______________________
Saturn
o6th
planet
oHas horizontal bands of clouds
o90% hydrogen, 10% helium
oLeast ___________________ planet
o Its density is less than that of _______________
Saturn’s Structure
oSimilar to Jupiter
o An outer gas layer, a thick layer of ____________________ hydrogen, and a
solid core
oRing system is the __________________________ and most complex
o _________ bands of rings, each containing thousands of narrower ringlets

4. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 4
o Main ring system is over 70,000km wide and less than 30m thick
Saturn’s Moons
oAt least _____________moons
o5 largest – Titan, Rhea, Bdione, Iapetus, and Tethys
oMost of Saturn’s moons are chucks of _____________ less than 10km in diameter
oTitan is larger than Mercury
o It is the only moon in the solar system with a dense _____________________
o In 2005 the Huygen probe landed on Titan
Uranus
o7th
planet
oNarrow, dark ________________
oDeep atmosphere composed mostly of _________________and helium and some
methane.
o The ____________________ gas gives it a bluish color
oBeneath the atmosphere is a thick, ______________ layer of water, ammonia, and
other materials
oBelow that is a solid, rocky core
Uranus’s Axis and Moons

5. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 5
oUranus has a __________________ axis of rotation
o Maybe caused by a collision with an Earth-sized object
oAt least __________ moons
o Largest are Titania and Oberon (smaller than our moon)
Titania has an icy cracked surface that might once have been covered
by an _________________
Neptune
oDiscovered in ______________
oAtmosphere is like Uranus
o Hydrogen, helium, and some methane
oInterior is also like Uranus
o Partially frozen water and _______________with a rock and iron core
o______________ moons and a faint ring system
o Triton is the largest. It has a surface of frozen nitrogen and _____________
that erupt nitrogen gas

6. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 6
oSwirling storm s and high winds sometimes exceeding ____________________ km/h

7. Chapter 11 Lesson 2 – The Outer Planets – p390-396 – page 6
oSwirling storm s and high winds sometimes exceeding ____________________ km/h