As part of the Responsible Cape Town pilot project, a workshop on World Tourism Day 2012 saw several leading Responsible Tourism businesses sharing their practices and recent actions on the theme of Sustainable Energy.

1. Powering Sustainable Development
World Tourism Day
Sheryl Ozinsky 28 September 2012

2. Recognizing the
importance of energy for
sustainable development,
the UN has designated
2012 as the International
Year of Sustainable Energy
for All

9. One and a half billion people in developing countries
are without electricity and even when energy
services are available, as in South Africa, millions of
poor people are unable to pay for them.
Thus, there is an inextricable link between energy
and sustainable development and modern, cleaner
and more efficient energy is relevant in the
eradication of poverty.

11. “Tourism and Sustainable Energy: Powering
Sustainable Development” is the theme of
this year’s World Tourism Day, selected to
advance the goals of the 2012 International
Year of Sustainable Energy for All.
Sustainable energy will allow tourism to
continue to expand while mitigating its impact
on the environment.
Many in the tourism industry have already
shown leadership in developing and
deploying clean energy solutions, cutting
energy consumption and carbon emissions in Message by the UN Secretary-
some regions by up to 40 per cent through General, Ban Ki-Moon
initiatives such as the Hotel Energy Solutions
toolkit developed by the UN World Tourism
Organization and the UN Environment
Programme.”

12. Energy Smart Cape Town
More resilient
Improved
and more
quality of life
competitive
for residents
city

13. Why be concerned about Tourism and
Climate Change?
• Tourism is a vector of climate change
accounts for approx 5% of global carbon
dioxide emissions.
• The transport sector, including air, car
and rail, generates the largest proportion,
with 75% of all emissions. Air travel is
considered the main tourism contributor to
global warming.
• The accommodation sector accounts for
approximately 20% of emissions from
tourism. This involves heating, air-
conditioning and the maintenance of bars,
restaurants, pools, etc.
• Activities such as museums, attractions,
events or shopping also contribute to
3.5% emissions.

14. Why be concerned about Tourism and
Climate Change?
• Tourists will quickly switch their
choice of destination when the
results of climate change impact on
their enjoyment.
• The tourism sector depends
heavily on a natural and cultural
heritage.
• Careful management of climate
related impacts would be
essential in order to safeguard
positive destination image in the
long term.

15. Tourism is at the forefront of some of the world’s
most innovative clean energy solutions
• Aviation industry is implementing cutting-edge technologies
to make aircraft lighter than ever before; commercial flights
are beginning to use biofuels in their fuel mix;
• Key card systems and energy saving light bulbs are
increasingly being implemented in hotel and guest house
rooms worldwide
• Tour operators are asking for energy efficiency throughout
their supply chains.

17. South Africa ranks in the top 20 for
greenhouse gas emissions,
contributing 8% to global emissions,
and is responsible for 42% of
emissions on the African continent

18. In Cape Town we face a triple challenge:
A high carbon footprint – per capita carbon emissions on par with
London, New York and Beijing.
Poor energy security – highly dependent on electricity from coal
power stations nearly 2000 km away.
Vulnerability to the impacts of climate change – a sprawling city
dependent on private vehicles where the poor generally live far from
opportunities.

19. Cape Town Carbon Emissions in a Global Context
(per capita)
8
7.1
6.9
7
6.4
6.18 São Paulo (2003)
6 Delhi (2000)
Rio de Janeiro (1998)
5 4.8
Barcelona (1996)
4 Mexico City (2000)
4 3.6 Stokholm (2005)
3.4
Tokyo (1998)
3
London (2006)
Cape Town (metro,
2 2004)
Beijing (1998)
New York City (2005)
1
0
1
Cape Town Source: Urban Areas Carbon and Climate
Governance Patricia Romero Lankao

20. Electricity Consumption by Sector
Cape Town, 2007
Government Transport
2% 2%
Industrial
13%
Residential
43%
Commercial
40%

21. Energy and Climate Action Plan (ECAP May 2010)
4 Criteria 10 Key
Goal Objectives
Energy Efficiency
Renewable Energy
Low Carbon City
Public Transport
Compact City
Energy City that Fosters
Economic Local Energy Business Development
Security in CT Development
Job Creation
Improved Health/Quality of Life
Poverty
Alleviation
Better Access to Urban Goods
Lower Risk
Energy and Climate Resilient City
Action Plan (ECAP)
Localisation
(May 2010)

22. Energy & Climate Action Plan: Objectives
City-Wide 10% Reduction in Electricity Consumption on Unconstrained Growth by
Objective 1
2012 (3.3%/annum 2010-2012)
10% Renewable and Cleaner Energy Supply by 2020; all growth in electricity
Objective 2
demand to be met by cleaner/renewable supply
Council Operations: 10% Reduction in Energy Consumption on Unconstrained
Objective 3 Growth by 2012 (3.3%/Annum 2010-2012); all growth in demand to be met by
cleaner / renewable supply
Objective 4 Compact resource efficient city development; reduce urban sprawl
Objective 5 Sustainable transport system
Objective 6 Adapting to and building resilience to climate change impacts (city wide)
Objective 7 More resilient low income/vulnerable communities
Objective 8 Development of carbon sales potential of all projects
Objective 9 Local economic development in energy sector
Objective 10 Awareness: E&CC communications and education programmes
Overall Energy and Climate Change resources, research, development and monitoring

23. Greenhouse Gas Emissions into the
Future: Business as Usual
Greenhouse gas emissions
associated with the ‘Business
as Usual’ energy growth is
untenable given the national
and international pressures
to reduce carbon emissions.

24. What do we do?
1 Electricity efficiency
Business as
usual 2 Transport efficiency
3 Renewable electricity
supply
Optimum
Energy Future
Optimum Energy Future
interventions do not compromise
energy service delivery.

25. EFFICIENCY: ALMOST ALL ELECTRICITY
EFFICIENCY INTERVENTIONS ARE FINANCIALLY
SENSIBLE LEADING TO A MORE EFFICIENT ECONOMY
Cumulative net saving from electricity efficiency interventions up to
2025
R 1 400 000 000 Mid-hi income residential The bars represent
cumulative net savings
(i.e. considering capital
R 1 200 000 000
costs and electricity
Commercial savings) of electricity
R 1 000 000 000 efficiency interventions.
R 800 000 000
R 600 000 000
R 400 000 000 Low-income
residential Govt
R 200 000 000
R0
LI lighting LI fridge HI lighting HI fridge HI water COM COM COM LG lighting LG HVAC LG street LG traffic
HVAC water lighting lights signals

26. TARIFF INCREASE PATH
Average c/kWh
180
160
140
77%
120
100
c/kWh
53%
80 90%
60
40
20
0
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sales Price

27. Why should we be concerned about
climate change in Cape Town?
Within the next 25 years there is a
85% probability of 60,9 km2
(2% of metro area) being covered by
sea for a short period.
Sea-level rise could induce tourism
losses of R20 billion over 25 years.
“The sovereign risk of sea-level rise for the City of
Cape Town is significant and will increase in the
next 25 years regardless of reductions in
greenhouse gas”.
City sea-level rise risk study 2008

28. The tourism sector is highly
climate sensitive as climate defines
the length and quality of tourism
seasons, affects tourism operations,
and influences environmental
conditions that both attract and deter
visitors.
Africa is one of the tourism regions
thought to be most at risk.
Climate change adaptation will
ensure that individuals, communities
and nations continue to receive the
benefits of tourism.
A CHANGING CLIMATE WILL HAVE
CONSIDERABLE IMPACTS ON TOURISM

29. City’s 2008 adaptation study - potential storm event damage
and infrastructure at risk for 2.5, 4.5 and 6 meter rise in sea levels

31. The Davos Declaration on Climate Change and Tourism
An International Conference on Climate Change
and Tourism was held in Davos, Switzerland in 2007.
The Davos Declaration included firm recommendations
a clear commitment for action.
Four key areas were agreed upon:
Mitigate transport and accommodation emissions
Adapt tourism businesses and destinations
Apply existing and new efficient technologies
Secure financial resources to assist poorer
regions and countries.

32. Tourism identified in Climate Change Response White Paper
South Africa has developed a White Paper on
Climate Change Response.
The Paper identifies tourism as a sector that
contributes to and will be affected by
Climate Change.
Recommends that tourism develop an
Action Plan to address the adaptation and
mitigation issues raised in the Paper.
A Tourism & Climate Change Task Team
comprising of government, business,
NGOs and academia was established in
December 2010 to assist with the
development of a National Tourism and
Climate Change Action Plan.

33. Those who react astutely and nimbly to the
imperatives of the low-carbon transition will
prosper, while those who seek to hold back the
tides, or pretend that the tides aren’t even there,
will look back in sorrow.
Countries and cities that sink their treasure now
into a dirty coal infrastructure, high-carbon
production methods and development which is
not energy efficient are not only jeopardizing the
health of the planet, they are jeopardizing their
own economic future.
Adapted from Tod Stern US Climate Action Symposium March 2009.

34. Energy Efficiency
Renewable Energy
Behaviour Change

35. Energy Efficiency
Energy consumption monitoring
Energy audit of the hotel
Window insulation; Building Insulation
Installation of sun protectors
Key card systems to switch off electricity in guest rooms
Lighting controls
Energy saving light bulbs
Energy efficiency rating of electrical appliances
Motors with variable frequency controls in HVAC
Regulation of space heating and cooling
Thermal insulation of water systems, domestic hot water tanks and pipes
Efficient ventilation systems

36. Renewal Energy
Solar Domestic Hot Water systems
Heat Pumps
Solar photovoltaic electricity systems
Solar heated swimming pools
Small wind energy systems
Micro-hydropower energy systems

37. Behavior Change
• Staff
• Guests

45. Envelope: extended eaves, pergolas, screens and
covered outside decks provide cool respite from
the hot African sun.

46. Screen: shading from hot sun and shelter from
prevailing winds.

47. Natural light and ventilation: all spaces have
natural light and cross-ventilation.

49. Heating and cooking: closed combustion fireplace
and braai high efficiency and low emissions

50. Skin: planted roofs insulate and weather skin
keeps cool in summer and warm in winter.

51. City Sightseeing operate a fleet of super-low
emission buses that comply with all Euro
standards for environmental impact.
Reduce noise pollution as well as energy and
water consumption.
Commissioned Global Carbon Exchange
(GCX), to conduct a carbon audit to calculate “We urgently have to
their carbon footprint under the guidelines set reconsider and rethink the
way we are conducting
out in the GHG Protocol.
business in order to stop,
City Sightseeing subsequently selected or ideally even reverse,
environmental damage and
Reliance - a commercial producer of high degradation. City
quality composted products. Reliance has Sightseeing is passionate
adopted a composting methodology that about Cape Town and
reduces the amount of methane released into preserving this
environment for our future
the atmosphere when compared to other generations. We will
composting methods – thereby affording the continue to strive towards
company carbon credits to sell. greater sustainability and
responsible tourism.”
Claus Tworeck

52. ENERGY EFFICIENCY FORUM
for Commercial Buildings
4 meetings in the year
Marketplace in December for energy efficient goods/services

53. Rates bill insert

54. Public Awareness

55. Slide 56