The Hawaiian triggerfish has a very long Hawaiian name that is actually quite concise. It translates each part of the long name, showing that it takes just one Hawaiian word to describe what would take eight words in English. Similarly, while English has over 600,000 words, all sentences are made up of just two basic parts - a subject and a predicate. The document goes on to provide examples and explanations of subjects, predicates, and the different types of sentences.

1. AMAZING BUT TRUE
The Hawaiian triggerfish is called
humuhumunukunukukuăpua’a in the
Hawaiian language. Though the name
seems long, it is actually very concise.
Humuhumu means “to fit pieces
together” and nukunukukuăpua’a means
“nose like pig”. Thus, one word takes the
place of eight English words.
The English language has the largest vocabulary of any language, with
616,500 words and 400,000 technical terms. Amazingly, though, all of
the possible sentences you can make with these words have only two
basic parts: subjects and predicates. In fact, every day, as you think,
talk, and write, you are forming hundreds of sentences with just these
two components.

2. SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES
The world’s tallest woman stands almost eight feet tall !
SUBJECT PREDICATE
The subject tells whom or what the sentence is about.
The predicate tells what the subject is or does or
what happens to the subject.

3. COMPLETE SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES
Every generation develops its own foolish fads.
COMPLETE SUBJECT COMPLETE PREDICATE
The complete subject includes the simple subject and
all the words that modify it.
The complete predicate includes the verb and all the
words that modify it.

4. Draw a line between the complete subject and the complete predicate.
1. Unusual contests have drawn many participants over the years.
2. Crazy tests of endurance swept the nation during the 1920s.
3. The toughest test of endurance was the Bunion Derby.
4. Andy Payne won the transcontinental footrace in 573 hours.

5. SIMPLE SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES
The world’s tallest woman stands almost eight feet tall !
SUBJECT PREDICATE
The simple subject is the key word in the subject
without including modifiers.
The simple predicate is the verb or verb phrase that
tells something about the subject without including
modifiers.
SIMPLE SUBJECT SIMPLE PREDICATE

6. Underline the simple subjects and circle the simple predicates.
1. María Fernanda Cardoso runs an unusual small business.
2. She owns the Cardoso Flea Circus.
3. The circus has been travelling all over the world.
4. People can hardly wait for the smallest show on earth.

7. COMPOUND SENTENCE PARTS
Smart detectives and heroes conquer and capture the villain.
The compound subject is made up of two or more simple subjects
joined by a conjunction or connecting word (and, or, but) and share a
verb.
The compound verb is made up of two or more verbs or verb phrases
joined by a conjunction and have the same object.
COMPOUND SUBJECT
COMPOUND VERB

8. Underline the simple subject(s )and circle the verb(s).
1. Many people walk or jog around their neighborhoods.
2. Dave Kunst took this idea and walked 14,450 miles.
3. Kunst and his brother began their journey on June 20, 1970.
4. Comedy and tragedy struck along the way.

9. KINDS OF SENTENCES
A sentence can be used to make a statement, ask a
question, give a command, or show feeling.
A declarative sentence expresses a statement of fact, wish, intent, or
feeling. It always ends with a period.
An interrogative sentence asks a question and ends with a question
mark.
An imperative sentence gives a command, request or direction and
usually ends with a period. When strong, it may end with and
exclamation point.
An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feeling and always ends
with and exclamation point.
London is a wonderful city.
Which attraction is the most popular?
See for yourself! Read the guide book.
You’ve got to see the wax museum!

10. Identify the following sentences as declarative, imperative,
interrogative, or exclamatory.
1. What do the Dalai Lama and N. Mandela have in common?
2. They have doubles in Mme. Tussaud’s wax museum.
3. Take an imaginary stroll through the Chamber of Horrors.
4. He looks alive !
Int
Dec
Imp
Exc

11. Rewrite the sentencesaccording to the directions in parenthesis.
1. He looks alive ! (Change into an interrogative sentence).
2. Would you look over there? (Change into an imperative sentence)
3. Is that Marie Antoinette? (Change into a declarative sentence)
4. The wax models are very lifelike. (Change into a exclamatory sentence)
1. Does he look alive?
2. Look over here.
3. That is Marie Antoinette.
4. The wax models are very lifelike !