1. OVERVIEW OF TOURISM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
(SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION)
Essential nature of planning comprises four major features:
• its contribution to purpose and objectives
• its primacy among the task
• its pervasiveness
• efficiency of the resulting plan
Important Concepts and Guidelines in Planning
1. The responsibility for leadership in planning program and activities
2. Planning procedure must be carefully formlated, unified and systematically carried out.
3. Planning should be recognized as an integral aspect of community.
4. Planning must have definite provisions.
5. Planning must be established as a continuous process.
6. Planning must be realistic and practical.
7. There should be a continuing evaluation of the planning process.
8. A good plan should formulate action.
9. In the planning process, coordination and communication are very crucial.
10. Alternative courses of action should always be ready.
Identifying the tourism system
1. Resources- natural, cultural, human and capital
◦ human resources (hospitality skills, management skills, seasonal labor force,
performing artists, craftsman and artisans, other labor skills, local population)
2. Organizations
3. Market
Evolution of Tourism Planning and Development
1. Boosterism – promoting or boosting one's own town, city or organization with the goal of
improving public insights and perception of it
2. Industry-oriented planning – activities include feasibility, marketing, forecasting, product
development, promotion and strategic planning
3. Environment-based planning – plan affected by many factors in the broader environment
4. Community-based planning – serving broader community goals
LOCAL POPULATION – important source of getting a tourism plan implemented
A survey can:
• assess community attitude towards tourism development
• identify impacts of tourism in the community
• obtain local input to tourism plans
Complexities in Tourism Planning
• tourism offerings and prices of competing destinations
• policies and legislations
• currency exchange
• economic state

2. • weather
Planning in the International level usually takes place through:
• WTO
• ICAO
• IATA
• CTO
• PATA
• TCSP
• SCOT
• ASEAN
• TCU
• SADCC
• OECD
STAGES OF DESTINATION DEVELOPMENT
1. INCEPTION – discovery
2. GROWTH – local response and initiatives
3. MATURITY – institutionalization
4. DECLINE – saturation and alienation