presentation about allergic rhinitis

1. ALLERGIC RHINITIS Reynel Dan L. Galicinao

2. definition

3. ALLERGIC RHINITIS an inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by an allergen affects 10% to 25% of the population most common atopic allergic reaction most prevalent in young children and adolescents

4. Etiology

6. Feathers (in pillows and quilts)

7. Molds

8. Tobacco smoke

9. Processed materials or industrial chemicals

11. oak, elm, maple, alder, birch, cottonwood)

12. Summer: grass and weed pollens

13. (fescue, bluegrass, English plantain, sheep sorrel)

14. Fall: weed pollens

15. (ragweed)

18. Immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated type I hypersensitivity response to an environmental antigen (allergen) in a genetically susceptible person Type I hypersensitivity causes local vasodilation and increased capillary permeability

19. classification

21. symptoms present less than 4 days per week and less then 4 weeks per year

22. Persistent

24. No interference with daily activities or troublesome symptoms

25. Moderate-severe

26. Presence of at least one:

27. impaired sleep, daily activity, work, or school

29. Allergic asthma Chronic otitis media Hearing loss Chronic nasal obstruction Sinusitis Orthodontic malocclusion in children

30. Clinical manifestations

32. Edema

33. Itching

34. Rhinorrhea with clear secretions

36. Itching

37. Burning

38. Tearing

39. Redness

42. Throat itching

45. Useful to rule out physical obstruction

46. Septal deviation

47. Nasal polypsEvaluation for asthma

48. MANAGEMENT Avoidance Medications: Acute Phase Medications: Preventive Therapy Immunotherapy

49. Avoidance

50. Minimize contact with offending allergens, regardless of other treatment Reduce dust mite exposure by encasing bed pillows and mattress in allergen-proof covering Use of allergen-proof bedding in conjunction with broad environmental controls

51. Medications: Acute Phase

57. Ophthalmic solution cromolyn (Crolom) and lodoxamide (Alomide)

59. Systemic agents used for asthma

61. Administering subcutaneous injections of increasing amounts of an allergen to which the patient is sensitive to decrease sensitivity and reduce the severity of symptoms Possible adverse effects Systemic reactions - anaphylaxis is rare, but potentially fatal. Local reactions - consist of erythema and induration at the site of injection.

63. Nursing assessment

65. conjunctivalerythema

66. pale nasal mucous membranes with clear discharge

67. allergic shiners

68. mouth breathingAuscultate lungs for wheezing or prolonged expiration characteristic of asthma

69. Nursing diagnoses

70. Acute pain Deficient knowledge (allergic response) Disturbed sensory perception (olfactory) Impaired skin integrity Ineffective airway clearance Ineffective breathing pattern Ineffective coping Ineffective health maintenance Risk for infection

71. Key outcomes

72. The patient will: express feelings of comfort verbalize the causes, effects, and treatment of allergic response maintain olfactory functioning to the fullest extent possible perform skin care routine

73. The patient will: maintain a patent airway maintain a respiratory rate within five breaths of baseline (and family will) verbalize feelings and concerns maintain current health status remain free from signs or symptoms of infection

74. Nursing interventions

76. Patient education and health maintenance

78. avoid the countryside during pollination season

79. use air conditioning, if possible, to filter allergens and minimize humidity & dust

81. http://nurseRD.blogspot.com www.authorstream.com/reynel89/Nursing www.slideshare.net/reynel89/slideshows THANK YOU!Have a nice day : ) - RDG