Music Therapy's Impact in Palliative Care| IAPCON2024| Dr. Tara Rajendran
Stress management
1. Ms. Maria Lourdes R. Balucan, BSN,
RN
Student, Master in Nursing
Misamis University
2.
3. • A change in the environment that is perceived as
a threat, challenge, or harm to the person's
dynamic equilibrium.
• In times of stress, the SNS is activated to
produce immediate changes of increased HR,
peripheral vasoconstriction, and increased BP.
4. Typicallystress is seen as harmful
and unpleasant yet stress may be
beneficial.
• How do you view stress?
5. • Myth 1 I must be stressed to succeed...
• Myth 2 All Stress is bad…
• Myth 3 If only I could move/change my job/
• leave my spouse/get rid of my boss,
then my stress would go away...
• Myth 4 There is nothing I can do about stress…
• *From Stuart, E., Webster, A., Wells-Federman, C.L. 1992
Managing Stress, The Wellness Book
6. • This response is prolonged by adrenal
stimulation and secretion of epinephrine and
norepinephrine
7. • A limited amount of stress can be a positive
motivator to take action
• Excessive or prolonged stress can cause
emotional discomfort, anxiety, possible panic,
and illness
8. • Prolonged sympathetic-adrenal stimulation
may lead to:
• High BP
• Arteriosclerotic changes
• Cardiovascular disease
• Acute asthma attack
• Peptic ulcer disease
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Migraine headaches
9. Fighting it
Flight - Escaping it
Freezing
Tend and Befriend
Everyone responds
differently to stressors!
10.
11. • Can help patients:
• Control illnesses
• Improve self-esteem
• Gain control
• Enjoy life more fully
12. • Involves the identification of physiologic and
psychosocial stressors
• Assess the following:
• The patient's education, finances, job, family, habits,
activities, personal and family health history, and
responsibilities.
13. • Positive and negative coping methods should
also be identified.
14.
15. • One of the first steps in stress management
• Can be used to reduce anxiety brought on by
stress
16.
17. • The simplest technique that can be performed at
any time
• The patient breathes slowly and deeply until
relaxation is achieved
• Can lead to hyperventilation if done incorrectly
18. • Relieves muscle tension related to stress
• The patient alternately tenses, then relaxes
muscle groups until the entire body feels relaxed
19. • Can help relieve pain and induce sleep
• The patient replaces painful or unpleasant
sensations with pleasant ones through self-
suggestions
• May require extensive coaching at first
20. • Uses imagination and concentration to take a
“mental vacation”
• The patient imagines a peaceful, pleasant scene
involving multiple senses
• Can last as long as the patient decides
21. • Uses the patient's own interests and activities to
divert attention from pain or anxiety
• Includes listening to music, watching television,
reading a book, singing, knitting, doing crafts or
projects, or physical activities
22.
23. • Dealing with the stressors or problem areas and
increasing coping behaviors
24. • Help the patient to recognize specific
stressors and determine if they can be
altered
• Then develop a plan for managing that
stressor
25. • How do I cope with stress?
• Coping skills I’d like to add?
• Poor coping skills I’d like to drop or change are:
• People I know who seem to be in control of their lives
are:
• Things they do which I could try are:
• Other things I could do to gain control over my life are:
26. • Teach the patient to avoid negative
coping behaviors:
• Smoking
• Drinking
• Using drugs
• Overeating
• Cursing
• Using abusive behavior toward others.
27. • Teach positive coping mechanisms:
• Continued use of relaxation techniques
• Fostering of support systems
• Family, friends, church groups, social
groups, or professional support groups
28. Practice your stress management
skills regularly!
One stress management strategy
isn’t foolproof!
Build your ability to bounce back!
