King Philip's War broke out in 1675 as the Wampanoag leader King Philip organized raids against English settlements in Massachusetts in response to colonists encroaching on Native lands. The colonists launched a counterattack that marked the end of Indian power in the region. In the aftermath, Indians no longer trusted English colonists and small raids often caused paranoia. England tightened control over its colonies after discovering they were not following trade regulations. The middle colonies of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Carolina were established during this period with varying approaches to governance. Slavery began expanding in the colonies to supply labor for the plantation economies.