Starting in Android

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Android (Java)
First Steps
(By Rich Helton)
Android (Rev 1)
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2. Android
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system),
 Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware and key applications.
 Androids mobile operating system is based on the Linux kernel.
 The Android open-source software stack consists of Java
applications running on a Java-based, object-oriented application
framework on top of Java core libraries running on a Dalvik virtual
machine JIT compilation.
 To me, Android is a Java framework with many underlying C
libraries that run in an embedded Linux environment. As an
embedded system, there are many performance and memory
constraints based on hardware of a mobile device.
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3. Android pieces
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 For Database work, Android comes with a stripped down database
server called SQLite, which is an embedded relational database
management system. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite and
www.sqlite.org
 For Animation, OpenGL ES (Embedded Systems), is used for 3D
and 2D graphics applications,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL_ES
 For the Android User Interface, the system uses a comparable RIA
interface using the XML User Interface Language (XUL).
 There are many other packages that will be discussed later,
including the REST interface for WebServices, Telephony API,
Search API, Google Maps and more.
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4. Android Manifest
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 The Android Manifest file is an XML file that will define your
Android application’s resources. It is similar to a J2EE web.xml file.
 Every Android application has one that will define many pieces to
your application including images, permissions, UI pieces, and much
more.
 See
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html
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5. Android Manifest
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 A sample manifest file in Eclipse:
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6. Android APK
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 Android will compile its project, including the manifest, into a APK
file to run on the device, see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APK_(file_format)
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7. Technical Resources
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Various Sample applications can be found at
http://developer.android.com/resources/browser.html?tag=sample
 A resource of Common tasks and how to do them in Android
http://developer.android.com/resources/faq/commontasks.html such
as displaying Alert Dialogs or Handling UI Events.
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Android Development
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9. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 To start Android development, the Java Development Kit needs to
be installed locally. Depending on the local development environment
will dictate which JDK to use.
 After installing the JDK, you should install the Eclipse IDE, the most
popular cross platform IDE for Java development,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_(software)
 I like to use the Helios Eclipse for Java Developers
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/
 Installing the SDK can be found at
http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html
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10. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 After installing Helios, the Android Development Toolkit can be
installed as a plugin by using the the Help Menu-> Install New
Software and Add https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse :
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11. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Instead of using the Eclipse IDE, command line development can
be done using the Android Software Development Kit (SDK).
 The SDK can be installed, or downloaded, from
http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
 After installation, you will have a Android SDK and AVD Manager to
manage the build packages and virtual devices:
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12. Android Development
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The Eclipse IDE needs to point to the Android SDK packages, using
Windows->Preferences->Android:
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13. Android Virtual Device (AVD)
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An AVD will have to be created for debugging, this is your target
device,
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html
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14. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Let’s start a New Android in Eclipse, File -> New->Project,
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/projects/projects-eclipse.html
:
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15. Android Development
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 A basic “HelloWorld” project:
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16. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 A basic “HelloWorld” project in just the SDK, no Eclipse, from the
SDK command line:
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17. Android Development
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 Create some code, like showing a TextView with “Hello World”:
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18. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Select Run-Run, select “Android Application” and wait for the
emulator to start:
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19. Android Development
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 It prints:
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20. Android Emulator
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 In order to debug/run an Android application, a Android emulator,
to simulate a virtual phone will need to be set up through the ADT.
See
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/emulator.html
 A hardware device can also be used,
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/device.html
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Android UI
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22. Android UI
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 As mentioned earlier, XUL can be used to define the Android UI,
instead of programmatic code like the previous TextView class.
 Let’s look an example of XUL, using DroidDraw from
http://droiddraw.org/ we can draw a UI and generate the XML:
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23. Droid Draw
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Showing TextView in DroidDraw:
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24. The View
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 The are several components to the UI.
 One component is the View. TextView is derived from View.
 The View class represents the basic building block for the interface
components.
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/View.html
 The View can be part of ViewGroup, and needs to have defined
layout http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/index.html
 A Layout will define how the View will display its objects, or
widgets,
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/layout-objects.html
 The layout is the architecture for the UI in an Activity. It will define
how the elements appear to the user,
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/declaring-layout.html
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25. Hello, Views
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/views/index.html
contains a collection of different “Hello World” tutorials in various
layouts.
 An example is the Grid View, which displays items in a two-
dimensional, scrollable grid.
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/views/hello-gridview.html
 Others include Linear Layouts, Relatove Layout, Table Layout,
Tab Layout, and List Views.
 There are also tutorials for widgets like Date Picker, Time Picker,
Google Maps, Web View, Gallery, Spinner, Form Stuff and Auto
Complete.
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26. Droid Draw
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Using Droid Draw to display a Table Layout with a GridView and
Radio Buttons:
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The Emulator
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28. The Emulator
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Using the Emulator
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/devices/emulator.html
 There are several ways to interface to the Emulator, DDMS, ADB,
and telnet.
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29. Package Browser
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Menu->Package Browser
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30. Telnetting
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Telnet from the local machine “telnet localhost 5554”:
“help” for the commands:
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31. Make a call through telnet
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 “gsm call 3031234” :
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32. DDMS
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 The Eclipse DDMS can attach to a running emulator (Start Eclipse
first), and just explore the files:
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33. DDMS call
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Make a call through DDMS,
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/debugging/ddms.html :
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WebView and WebKit
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35. Webkit.WebView
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 Adding items to the Screen Menu
http://developer.android.com/resources/faq/commontasks.html#filelist
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SQLite
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37. SQLite
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Android comes preconfigured with a embedded version of SQLite,
http://www.sqlite.org/
 There are several GUI tools that can be used to administrate
SQLite database, included http://sqliteman.com/ the GUI for SQLite 3.
 The database itself can be examined through adb as a remote shell
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/adb.html#sqlite
 The Notepad Tutorial , Exercise 1, uses SQLite to store notes
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/notepad/notepad-ex1.html
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Debugging
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39. Debugging
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Debugging information can be found at
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/debugging/index.html
 Android is shipped with the Dalvik Debug Monitor Server (DDMS),
which provides port-facing services, screen capture on the device,
thread and heap information, logcat, and much more.
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/debugging/ddms.html
 Android Debug Bridge (adb) is a versatile command line tool that
lets you communicate with an emulator instance or connected
Android-powered device.
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/adb.html
TraceView is a graphical viewer for execution logs that you create
using the Debug class to log tracing information in your code.
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/debugging/debugging-tracing
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40. DDMS
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 From Eclipse, select Windows->Open Perspective->Other ->
DDMS:
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41. DDMS
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ADB
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43. ADB
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 The Android Debug Bridge (ADB),
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/adb.html
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44. ADB Shell
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 ADB can run a shell into the emulator, or remote device, here’s the
databases, “ls –R /data/data/*/databases” :
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45. ADB install
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Installing APK applications, “abd –s emulator-554 install” :
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Android Notepad
Tutorial
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47. Android Tutorial
CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE HOMELAND SECURITY MULTI-USER NETWORK CYBER SECURITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 There is a popular tutorial to walk the programmer through many of
the features of Android called the Notepad Tutorial,
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/notepad/index.html

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