A mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by protists (microorganism)of the genus Plasmodium.

1. By Group- D

2. What Is Malaria?
• A mosquito-borne infectious disease
of humans and other animals caused
by protists (microorganism)of the
genus Plasmodium.
• Name is derived from Italian ‘Mal’
aria’ or bad air.
• Most important cause of fever and
morbidity in the Tropical world.

3. • Malaria has been infecting humans for
over 50,000 years.
• First advances in malaria were made in
1880 by a French army doctor named
Charles Laveran.
• Carlos Finlay discovered that
mosquitoes transmitted diseases.
• In 2010, malaria caused an estimated
655 000 deaths mostly among African
children. (WHO)

5. LIFE CYCLE
MOSQUITO BITES PARASITE CHANGES
INFECTED SEVERAL STAGES
MAN AND SUCKS IN MOSQUITO
BLOOD
PARASITES RE-ENTER INFECTED MOSQUITO
BLOOD AND BITES
CREATE SYMPTOMS HEALTHY MAN
PARASITES IN MAN’S
BLOOD ENTERS
LIVER AND
MULTIPLIES

6. Cause
• A parasite is passed from one human to
another by the bite of
infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
• There are four parasite species that cause
malaria in humans:
1. Plasmodium falciparum
2. Plasmodium vivax
3. Plasmodium malariae
4. Plasmodium ovale.

7. Symptoms
• Anaemia
• Chills
• Convulsion
• Fever
• Headache
• Jaundice
• Muscle pain
• Nausea
• Sweating
• Vomiting

8. MALARIA IN INDIA
• 90-95% cases reported from rural areas.
• Contributes about 70% of malaria in the
South East Asian Region of WHO
• About two million cases and 1000 deaths
attributable to malaria per year.
• 80.5% of the population lives in malaria
risk areas

9. MALARIA IN ODISHA
• Odisha contributes about 25% of the total
annual malaria cases.
• In 2010, Odisha saw the highest number of
malaria deaths in the country at 247.
• In 2011, 73 people died of Malaria.
(NVBDCP)
• 28,000 people found suffering from
malaria this year with no deaths reported.

10. STRATEGIES
• NVBDCP's Urban Malaria
Scheme trying to curb mosquito
breeding
• Trimming drains, water disposal and
sanitation
• Emptying water containers once a
week

11. • Observing a weekly "Dry Day".
• Trials on WHO sponsored long-
lasting insecticide-treated nets
• Introduction of the indoor
residual spray (IRS)

12. RISK FACTORS
• Rainfall
• Stagnant water
• Wrong feeding habits
• Faulty style of living
• Unhygienic surroundings

13. PREVENTION
• Don’t keep stagnant water
• Poisoning the breeding grounds
• Pesticide DDT
• Using mosquito net and repellents
• Long sleeve clothes
• Health education by community
participation.

14. TREATMENTS
• Anti-malarial drugs like
Chloroquine, Mefloquine.
• Quinine effective in treating some
forms of malaria
• Vaccine- under research
• The most successful candidate
developed to date is the RTS,S
recombinant vaccine

15. Role of
media in
spreading
awareness

17. CONCLUSION
• The disease is a major health problem in
much of the tropics and subtropics.
• It presents a major disease hazard for
travellers to warm climates.
• According to WHO, around 1.32 billion
people are at the risk of contracting malaria in
Southeast Asia. It marks April 25 as the
World Malaria Day.

19. STAY SAFE
THANKYOU…!