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RIPE NCC

Presentation given by Daniel Karrenberg at various conferences in 2012

Technology

k.root-servers.net
by
RIPE NCC
Daniel Karrenberg
Chief Scientist, RIPE NCC

Who is talking: Daniel Karrenberg
• 1980s: helped build Internet in Europe
– GUUG, EUUG, EUnet, Ebone, IXes, RIPE, ...
• 1990s: helped build RIPE NCC
– 1st CEO: 1992-2000
• 2000s: Chief Scientist & Public Service
– Trustee of the Internet Society, IETF, ...
• 2010s: Chief Scientist
– Interests: Internet measurements, stability,
trust & identity in the Internet, ...

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 2

What DNS Root Name Servers Do

Tell where are
once every

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 3

What DNS Root Name Servers Do

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 4

Attack Mitigation
Diversity

12 Professional Operators / 13 Independent Operations

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 5

DDoS Mitigation
Over-provisioning:

Not to scale !

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 6

DNS Root Name Server Locations

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 7

DNS Root Name Server Locations

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 8

Closest Root Server as seen by RIPE Atlas

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 9

Closest Root Server as seen by RIPE Atlas

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 10

k.root-servers.net: Locations

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 11

k-root: Instance seen by RIPE Atlas

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 12

k-root: Instance seen by RIPE Atlas

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 13

k.root-servers.net: TLDs Queried

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 14

k.root-servers.net: Query Load

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 15

k.root-servers.net: Load Distribution

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 16

DDoS Mitigation
Over-provisioning:

Not to scale !

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 17

DDoS Mitigation
• Cooperation with ISPs

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 18

DDoS Mitigation
• Cooperation with ISPs

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 19

dnsmon

Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 20

References
• root-servers.org
• k.root-servers.org

• k.root-servers.org/visualk
• atlas.ripe.net
• dnsmon.ripe.net

• www.isoc.org/briefings/019
• www.isoc.org/briefings/020

• labs.ripe.net
Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 21

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k.root-servers.net

1. k.root-servers.net by RIPE NCC Daniel Karrenberg Chief Scientist, RIPE NCC

2. Who is talking: Daniel Karrenberg • 1980s: helped build Internet in Europe – GUUG, EUUG, EUnet, Ebone, IXes, RIPE, ... • 1990s: helped build RIPE NCC – 1st CEO: 1992-2000 • 2000s: Chief Scientist & Public Service – Trustee of the Internet Society, IETF, ... • 2010s: Chief Scientist – Interests: Internet measurements, stability, trust & identity in the Internet, ... Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 2

3. What DNS Root Name Servers Do Tell where are once every Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 3

4. What DNS Root Name Servers Do Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 4

5. Attack Mitigation Diversity 12 Professional Operators / 13 Independent Operations Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 5

6. DDoS Mitigation Over-provisioning: Not to scale ! Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 6

7. DNS Root Name Server Locations Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 7

8. DNS Root Name Server Locations Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 8

9. Closest Root Server as seen by RIPE Atlas Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 9

10. Closest Root Server as seen by RIPE Atlas Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 10

11. k.root-servers.net: Locations Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 11

12. k-root: Instance seen by RIPE Atlas Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 12

13. k-root: Instance seen by RIPE Atlas Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 13

14. k.root-servers.net: TLDs Queried Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 14

15. k.root-servers.net: Query Load Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 15

16. k.root-servers.net: Load Distribution Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 16

17. DDoS Mitigation Over-provisioning: Not to scale ! Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 17

18. DDoS Mitigation • Cooperation with ISPs Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 18

19. DDoS Mitigation • Cooperation with ISPs Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 19

20. dnsmon Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 20

21. References • root-servers.org • k.root-servers.org • k.root-servers.org/visualk • atlas.ripe.net • dnsmon.ripe.net • www.isoc.org/briefings/019 • www.isoc.org/briefings/020 • labs.ripe.net Daniel Karrenberg, 7 March 2012 21

22. Questions?

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