This document summarizes statistics on the growth of internet usage from 1997 to 2006. Some key points: - The number of internet hosts grew from 22.5 million in 1997 to 395 million in 2006. - The number of internet users increased from 50 million in 1997 to over 1 billion in 2006. - Internet penetration rates vary globally, with the highest rates in Scandinavian and Asian countries over 60%. - Future growth areas discussed include wireless internet, digital media, new business models, and an interplanetary internet to connect devices on Mars and beyond.

1. Tracking the Internet
into the 21st Century
Vint Cerf
Google
June 8, 2006
NICBR

2. Internet - Global Statistics
22.5 Million Hosts 395 Million Hosts
(Bellcore June 1997) (ISC Jan 2006)
50 Million Users 1,022.8 Million Users
(NUA Jul 1997)
(InternetWorldStats.com
Mar 31, 2006)
(approx. 3.1 Billion Telephone Terminations including 2 B mobiles and
822 Million PCs [Comp. Industries Assoc.] )

3. Internet Penetration Mar 2006
Asia - 364.3 M
No. Amer. – 227.3M No. AM
Europe - 291.6 M Europe
Latin Am - 80.0 M Asia
Africa - 23.6 M
Latin Am
Mid-east - 18.2 M
Oceania/AU-17.9 M Africa
--------------------------- Mid East
Total - 1,022.9 M Oceania
15.7% total penetration
(Source www.internetstats.com)

4. % Internet Use (July 2005)
Malta (78.3%) South Korea (65.2%)
New Zealand (77.6%) Canada (63.8%)
Iceland (76.5%) United Kingdom (63.1%)
Sweden (75.2%) Finland (62.6%)
Hong Kong (70.7%) Bermuda (61.1%)
Denmark (69.5%) Japan (60.9%)
United States (68.7%) Taiwan (60.5%)
Singapore (68.3%) Luxemburg (59.4%)
Norway (68.2%) Portugal (58.2%)
Australia (68.2%) Liechtenstein (57.3%)
Faroe Islands (67.8%) Germany (57%)
Greenland (66.6%) Austria (57%)
Netherlands (66.2) Barbados (56.4%)
Switzerland (64.9%) Ireland (51.2%)
www.internetworldstats.com

5. Statistics-Brazil
Population 186M
GDP $1.49T $8,011/capita
Mobiles – 81M 44% penetration
PCs – 19M 10.2%
Internet Users -27M 14.5%
Internet Hosts -3.5M Users/host: 8

6. Internet expansion – in Belize

7. IT Centres - NIGERIA
Giandomenico Massari

14. The Growing Connection - FAO

24. The Power of IP
Layering of Protocols → evolution
End-to-End Principle → innovation
IP decouples application from transmission/transport
IP does not care what transport is used (satellite, fiber,
twisted pair, radio, ATM…)
IP does not care what application it is carrying (video, audio,
web, email…)
Embedding of all modalities under program control
via IP
Profound impact on regulatory models

25. Convergence is real
Disrupted business models
IP on Everything and now Everything on IP
Instant Messaging -> Presence
21st Century “dial tone” – SIP, ENUM
Programs, processes, people
VOIP (no big deal but wrecks traditional telephony
model)
Text, voice, video, collaborative tools

26. Broadband Services
Cable, DSL – asymmetric
Broadband over Power Lines
Radio based (WiMax, Gigabeam,
Viasat, WiFi for local access)
Fiber to the Home (100-1000 Mb/s)

27. Mobility and Mobiles
2 Billion Mobiles and counting
Short Message Systems
Payment systems
Navigation systems
GPS, Galileo, Google Earth/Maps,…
Geo-location based services

28. Digital Media
Digital Media Production Systems
Real-time media production (full service)
Storage and distribution (streaming, FTP)
The “real” IPTV
The Long Tail
Interactive Game Platform(s)
Information Archives
Oceans of information (World Digital Library)
Free, pay per view, subscription, sponsored

29. Google Book
Search

35. Catedral Belo Horizonte

36. Congresso Nacional

37. Interlagos Race Track

38. Ipiranga museum, san paulo

39. Cristo Redentor

40. New Business Models
Online Advertising – targeted, relevant
Total 2005 “advertising” revenues in the
US = $420B (all media, promotions…)
Third party applications over standard
APIs (Google Earth/Maps example)
Domain name parking

41. Technology & Policy
Internationalized Domain Names
New Top Level Domains
Network Interconnection Regimes (peering, transit)
Wireless services (licensed/unlicensed)
Municipal Networking
WHOIS (privacy, IP protection)
Intellectual Property Protection
IPv6
Internet QOS issues (differential services)
Consumer Choice for Broadband/Neutrality (Note
UK, NL, NZ adoption of open, neutral policy)

42. Internet Governance
World Summit on the Information
Society
Working Group on Internet Governance
Multi-stakeholder model (e.g. ICANN)
Internet Governance Forum

43. Infrastructure
Much more than PCs and Comm
Comm variations (cable, satellite, DSL,
fixed and mobile wireless)
Trained workforce, local entrepreneurial
opportunities, venture and seed capital
and/or microloans
Electrical power (solar, wind, nuclear,
fossil)

44. Internet-enabled Appliances

45. RFID
Toll-Road passive
transponder
Consumer product
identifier (like UPC)
Drug/Food shelf-life
and identification
Patient identification

46. Internet-enabled Devices
Programmable – Java, Python, etc.
Examples:
WebTV, Palm-Pilot, Mobiles,Video games,
Picture Frames, Washing Machines, Surf
Board!
Refrigerator (and the bathroom scales)
Automobiles (Japan, Germany)
Internet-enabled wine corks (also note new
quantum theory of wine: Schrödinger’s wine
bottle)
Internet-enabled socks
Universal Remote Control

47. InterPlaNetary Internet

53. 2003-2004 Missions to Mars
Spirit
launched 6/10/2003
arrived Jan 4, 2004
Gusev Crater in Gusev Plain
Opportunity
Launched 7/7/2003
arrived Jan 25, 2004
Meridiani Planum

58. Interplanetary Internet:
“InterPlaNet” (IPN)
Planetary internets
Interplanetary Gateways
Interplanetary Long-Haul Protocol
Delayed Binding of Identifiers
Email-like behavior
Delay and Disruption Tolerant Protocols
Tactical Mobile applications (DARPA)
Civilian Mobile applications (SameNet!)
TDRSS and NASA in-space routing

59. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Launched August 2005
Survey for new landing sites
Potential relay node for networking
Joined other orbiters 10 March 2006
Aerobraking for months to achieve
circular orbit

60. •End-to-end information flow across the solar system
•Layered architecture for evolvability and
interoperability
•IP-like protocol suite tailored to operate over long
round trip light times
•Integrated communications and navigation services