13. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE MIC. STR.
LAMINA SPLENDENS
Bright line at free surface of
articular cartilage seen on
oblique sections on negative
phase microscopy
Not an anatomically distinct
surface layer.
Artifect at border between
regions of different ref index
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23. CLASSIFICATION OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Based on shape of articular surface
∞ Plane jt ∞ Ellipsoid jt
∞ Hinge jt ∞ Saddle jt
∞ Pivot jt ∞ Ball and socket jt
∞ Bicondylar jt
Articular shapes are never truly flat, spherical,
cylinder, cone or ellipsoids but part of a spheroid.
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32. ARTICULAR MOVEMENTS AND MECHANISMS
Combination of translation and angulation
Movement
slight – similar sized reciprocal surfaces
wide – habitually more mobile bone has larger
articular surface
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33. ARTICULAR MOVEMENTS AND MECHANISMS contd...
Translation
Angulation
• Flexion and extension
• Abduction and adduction
• Axial rotation
• Circumduction
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34. Development
Mesodermal origin with some neural
crest contribution.
Regions of developing cartilage
consist of widely spaced cells
surrounded by matrix.
Condensation of somatopleuric
mesenchymal cells develop
between developing skeletal
elements to form plates of
interzonal mesenchyme
Their subsequent development
varies acc. to type of joint
Fibrous joint
Cartilagenous joint
Synovial joint
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