Dr. Sanjay Kolte, a general surgeon based in Pune who specializes in Hernia Surgery, laparoscopic, Thoracoscopic, gastrointestinal, Emergency and General surgery. He is the best Hernia Surgeon in pune, Maharashtra.

1. What is a hernia?What is a hernia?
 A hernia is an abnormal weakness or hole in an anatomicalA hernia is an abnormal weakness or hole in an anatomical
structure which allows something inside to protrude through.structure which allows something inside to protrude through.
 It is commonly used to describe a weakness in the abdominal wall.It is commonly used to describe a weakness in the abdominal wall.
 Hernias by themselves usually are harmless, but nearly all have aHernias by themselves usually are harmless, but nearly all have a
potential risk of having their blood supply cut off (becomingpotential risk of having their blood supply cut off (becoming
strangulated).strangulated).
 If the blood supply is cut off at the hernia opening in the abdominalIf the blood supply is cut off at the hernia opening in the abdominal
wall, it becomes a medical and surgical emergency.wall, it becomes a medical and surgical emergency.
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2. Types of HerniasTypes of Hernias
 Inguinal hernia: Makes up 75% of all abdominal wall hernias andInguinal hernia: Makes up 75% of all abdominal wall hernias and
occurring up to 25 times more often in men than women.occurring up to 25 times more often in men than women.
 Two types of inguinal hernias: indirect inguinal hernia and directTwo types of inguinal hernias: indirect inguinal hernia and direct
inguinal hernia.inguinal hernia.
 Indirect inguinal herniaIndirect inguinal hernia
 Direct inguinal herniaDirect inguinal hernia
 Hiatus herniaHiatus hernia
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3.  Indirect inguinal herniaIndirect inguinal hernia
 follows pathway that testicles made during prebirthfollows pathway that testicles made during prebirth
development.development.
 This pathway normally closes before birth but remains aThis pathway normally closes before birth but remains a
possible place for a hernia.possible place for a hernia.
 Sometimes the hernial sac may protrude into the scrotum.Sometimes the hernial sac may protrude into the scrotum.
 This type of hernia may occur at any age but becomes moreThis type of hernia may occur at any age but becomes more
common as people age.common as people age.
 Direct inguinal herniaDirect inguinal hernia
 This occurs slightly to the inside of the sight fo the indirectThis occurs slightly to the inside of the sight fo the indirect
hernia, in a place where the abdominal wall is naturally slightlyhernia, in a place where the abdominal wall is naturally slightly
thinner.thinner.
 It rarely will protrude into the scrotum.It rarely will protrude into the scrotum.
 The direct hernia almost always occurs in the middle-aged andThe direct hernia almost always occurs in the middle-aged and
elderly because their abdominal walls weaken as they age.elderly because their abdominal walls weaken as they age.
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4.  Hiatus herniaHiatus hernia
 A hiatus hernia occurs when the upper part of the stomach,A hiatus hernia occurs when the upper part of the stomach,
which is joined to the oesophagus (gullet), moves up into thewhich is joined to the oesophagus (gullet), moves up into the
chest through the hole (called a hiatus) in the diaphragm.chest through the hole (called a hiatus) in the diaphragm.
 It is common and occurs in about 10 per cent of people.It is common and occurs in about 10 per cent of people.
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5. Hiatus herniaHiatus hernia
 It is most common in overweight middle-aged women and elderlyIt is most common in overweight middle-aged women and elderly
people.people.
 It can occur during pregnancy.It can occur during pregnancy.
 The diagnosis is confirmed by barium meal X-rays or by passing aThe diagnosis is confirmed by barium meal X-rays or by passing a
tube with a camera on the end into the stomach (gastroscopy).tube with a camera on the end into the stomach (gastroscopy).
Losing weight nearly always cures it.Losing weight nearly always cures it.
Eating small meals each day instead of 2 or 3 large ones helps.Eating small meals each day instead of 2 or 3 large ones helps.
Avoid smoking.Avoid smoking.
Take antacid.Take antacid.
Avoid spicy food.Avoid spicy food.
Avoid hot drinks.Avoid hot drinks.
Avoid gassy drinks.Avoid gassy drinks.
Treatment for Hiatus HerniaTreatment for Hiatus Hernia
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6.  Femoral herniaFemoral hernia
 The femoral canal is the way that the femoral artery, vein, and nerveThe femoral canal is the way that the femoral artery, vein, and nerve
leave the abdominal cavity to enter the thigh.leave the abdominal cavity to enter the thigh.
 Although normally a tight space, sometimes it becomes large enough toAlthough normally a tight space, sometimes it becomes large enough to
allow abdominal contents (usually intestine) into the canal.allow abdominal contents (usually intestine) into the canal.
 This hernia causes a bulge below the inguinal crease in roughly theThis hernia causes a bulge below the inguinal crease in roughly the
middle of the thigh.middle of the thigh.
 Rare and usually occurring in women, these hernias are particularly atRare and usually occurring in women, these hernias are particularly at
risk of becoming irreducible and strangulated.risk of becoming irreducible and strangulated.
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7.  Umbilical herniaUmbilical hernia
 These common hernias (10-30%) are often noted at birth as aThese common hernias (10-30%) are often noted at birth as a
protrusion at the bellybutton (the umbilicus).protrusion at the bellybutton (the umbilicus).
 This is caused when an opening in the abdominal wall, whichThis is caused when an opening in the abdominal wall, which
normally closes before birth, doesn’t close completely.normally closes before birth, doesn’t close completely.
 Even if the area is closed at birth, these hernias can appear laterEven if the area is closed at birth, these hernias can appear later
in life because this spot remains a weaker place in thein life because this spot remains a weaker place in the
abdominal wall.abdominal wall.
 They most often appear later in elderly people and middle-agedThey most often appear later in elderly people and middle-aged
women who have had children.women who have had children.
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8.  Epigastric herniaEpigastric hernia
 Occurring between the navel and the lower part of the rib cage inOccurring between the navel and the lower part of the rib cage in
the midline of the abdomen, these hernias are composed usuallythe midline of the abdomen, these hernias are composed usually
of fatty tissue and rarely contain intestine.of fatty tissue and rarely contain intestine.
 Formed in an area of relative weakness of the abdominal wall,Formed in an area of relative weakness of the abdominal wall,
these hernias are often painless and unable to be pushed backthese hernias are often painless and unable to be pushed back
into the abdomen when first discovered.into the abdomen when first discovered.
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10. Causes of herniasCauses of hernias
 Any condition that increases the pressure of the abdominal cavityAny condition that increases the pressure of the abdominal cavity
may contribute to the formation or worsening of a hernia.may contribute to the formation or worsening of a hernia.
 ObesityObesity
 Heavy liftingHeavy lifting
 CoughingCoughing
 Straining during a bowel movement or urinationStraining during a bowel movement or urination
 Chronic ling diseaseChronic ling disease
 Fluid in the abdominal cavityFluid in the abdominal cavity
 HereditaryHereditary
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11. MBBS - OCTOBER 1995-BHARATI VIDYAPEETH'S MEDICAL COLLEGE, PUNE, INDIAMBBS - OCTOBER 1995-BHARATI VIDYAPEETH'S MEDICAL COLLEGE, PUNE, INDIA
FCPS (General Surgery) - SEPTEMBER 2000, MUMBAI, INDIA FCPS (General Surgery) - SEPTEMBER 2000, MUMBAI, INDIA
(FELLOW OF COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS)(FELLOW OF COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS)
DNB (General Surgery) - MAY 2001-KING EDWARD MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, PUNE,DNB (General Surgery) - MAY 2001-KING EDWARD MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, PUNE,
INDIA (DIPLOMATE OF NATIONAL BOARD, NEW DELHI)INDIA (DIPLOMATE OF NATIONAL BOARD, NEW DELHI)
MNAMS - MEMBER OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, NEW DELHIMNAMS - MEMBER OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, NEW DELHI
Contact Details:
Laparoscopic Surgery Clinic, Parihar Chowk, Aundh,
Pune, Maharashtra 411007
Mobile : +91 98 2200 9490
Email : doctorsanjaykolte@gmail.com
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Contact UsContact Us

12. Dr. Sanjay KolteDr. Sanjay Kolte
Dr. Sanjay Kolte, a general surgeon based in pune who
specializes in laparoscopic Surgery, Hernia Surgery,
Gastrointestinal surgery, Emergency and General surgery.
http://www.drsanjaykolte.in/