Solar based Power systems opportunities in Pakistan

1. Load Shedding in Pakistan
and the Potential of Solar Energy
June 2012
By
Abid Bukari
&
Nasir Hamodi

2. Organization
Organization
 Historical Background
 Historical Background
 Load duration curve
 Load duration curve
 Capacity, capability & availability
 Capacity, capability & availability
 Shortage
 Reasons  Shortage

 Solar energy Reasons
 Irrdiation  Solar energy
map

 Conclusion Irrdiation map
 Conclusion

3. Historical Background
Historical1994 era
 Pre Background
 Pre 1994  Sever load shedding
era
 Post 1994
 Sever load shedding era
 Post 1994 era
Surplus power in the system
 2002 Power Policy
Lengthy procedure
- Approval of feasibility
- Tariff negotiation & approval
- Security packages
 High load growth

4. Current Situation
 Supply / Demand Balance
 Load duration curve
 Current Situation
Capacity, Capability and Availability
  Supply / Demand Balance
Demand

 Load duration curve
Supply
 Capacity, Capability and Availability
 Demand
 Supply

5. Power Supply/Demand Balance
Power Supply/Demand Balance

6. Load Duration Curve
18th August 2007
Load Duration Curve
18th August 2007

7. Load Duration Curve
21st August 2008
Load Duration Curve
21st August 2008

8. Load Duration Curve
10th January 2007
Load Duration Curve
10th January 2007

9. Load Duration Curve
23rd January 2008
Load Duration Curve
23rd January 2008

10. Reasons
s
Reasons of 2002 power policy
 Late finalization
 Late initiation of newof 2002 power policy
 Late finalization projects
 Long processing time new projects
 Late initiation of
 Not soliciting new power plants
 Long processing time
 Reliance of unsolicited proposal plants
 Not soliciting new power
 WAPDA was not allowed to install thermal power plants
 Reliance of unsolicited proposal
 Private sector started taking advantages
 WAPDA was not allowed to install thermal power plants
 Availability of machines in the international market
 Private sector started taking advantages
 Availability of machines in the international market

11. Reasons (Contd)
Reasons
 Late finalization of 2002 improvement and
 No serious effort on efficiency power policy energy conservation
 Late initiation of system is not up
 Time of day metering new projects to its strength
 Long processing time
 Hydropower not coming up
 Not soliciting plants are not being taken up by WAPDA.
 Small hydropower new power plants
 Reliance some IPP & WAPDA’s power
 Clousure ofof unsolicited proposal plants
 No payment of not allowed suppliers.
 WAPDA wasfuel bills to fuel to install thermal power plants
 Private sector started taking advantages
 Availability of machines in the international market

12. Reasons (Contd)
 International investors are not coming with enthusiasm
 International recession
 Governance issues
 No serious efforts to exploit alternative energy resources
 Huge reserve of coal is not being used

13. Issues
 Most of the new thermal power plants are based on fuel oil
Issuesof electricity generations
 Cost
 Most of the new thermal power plants are based on fuel oil
 Fuel imports - major implications on Forx Reserve
 Cost of electricity generations
 Volatility of crude oil prices
 Fuel imports - major implecations on forx reseve
 Fuel transportation and import infrastructure
 Volatility of crude oil prices
 Road / railway network
 Fuel transporation and import infrastructure
 Port facilities
 Road / railway network
 Port facilities

14. Issues
 Gas is not available for new power plants
Issues energy usage
 Un efficient
 Gas is not available for new power plants
 No incentive from the government to develop alternative
 Un efficient energy useage
energy resources
 Rental power plant is suicidal

15. World wide Solar Energy Production
World wide Solar Energy Production

16. Prospects of Solar Energy in Pakistan
 Excellent potential for Pakistan
Prospects solarSolar Energy in year
 High level of of radiations throughout the Pakistan
 Receives on average 19 mega joules of solar energy per square metre
 Average daily generation rate – 5.3 kWh/m²
 Sun shines for 3000 hrs per annum in South-Western province of
Balochistan
 Jacobabad receives 2,142 kWh of solar-Irradiation/m²/year

17. Solar Irradiation Map of Pakistan
Solar Irradiation Map of Pakistan

18. Prospects of Solarof Solarfor Electricityfor Electricity Generation
Prospects Thermal Thermal Generation in Pakistan
in Pakistan
Use of 1% surface area of Sahara for solar power
plants would be sufficient to meet the entire global
electricity demand
Solar thermal power plants apart from photovoltaic,
offer the opportunity to produce solar electricity in the
tropics at low cost

19. Cost of installation of high quality panels
Cost of installation of high quality panels
1.0 Kilo Watts Solar Plan Equipment including batteries
and solar controller.
1.0 Kilo Watts Solar Plan Equipment including batteries
System Cost $4825 Tax/Duty/Shipping/Customs
and solar controller.
clearance fee $ 700
System Cost $4825 Tax/Duty/Shipping/Customs
Installation $ 300
clearance fee $ 700
Total $5925 + GST
Installation $ 300
Panels and electronic devices are made in Germany
Total $5925 + GST
More prices are:
Panels and electronic devices are made in Germany
http://uk-solar energy.com/Product_Guide.html
More prices are:
http://uk-solar energy.com/Product_Guide.html

20. Conclusions
• Pakistan lies in an area of one of the highest solar incidence in the
world.
• Its geographical location presents excellent
• Conditions for deployment of small and large scale solar thermal
power plants
• R&D work and Use of Indigenous Resources can make the difference
Conclusions
• Cheap labor and location near the equator are the main factors,
Conclusions
which changes the scenario from the western world
• This vast potential can be exploited to produce
• Electricity by solar thermal technology, which could be provided to
off-grid communities.