In this presentation, Dr. Kristi Jackson of Queri, encourages qualitative researchers to observe what “closeness” and “distance” mean in everyday life, and to apply these observations to the analysis of qualitative data. She also provides practical suggestions about where, when, and how qualitative researchers might play with these ideas to move beyond comfortable interpretations to compelling ones. Kristi draws on 20 years of expertise in Qualitative Data Analysis Software (QDAS), although her presentation is appropriate for researchers regardless of whether or not they use such software. Attendees will leave with concrete tips about how to achieve closeness and distance in their own qualitative research (as they collect, handle, analyze and report their data), regardless of the theories and methodologies employed (e.g., discourse analysis, evaluation research, grounded theory, ethnography).
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Successful Qualitative Research: Don't get too comfortable!
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Qualitative
Experience
Polling
Question
#1
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Successful
Qualitative
Research:
Don’t Get Too
Comfortable!
May 27th, 2015
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Kristi Jackson, MEd PhD
President,
Queri, Inc.
Nicole Elliott
Executive Marketing Manager,
SAGE Publications
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While we do our best to answer as many questions as we can, time constraints
may not allow us to answer every question. Thank you for understanding.
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Presentation Overview
• Seven tendencies in qualitative research
• Focus in this presentation: Flexibility
• Metaphors and flexibility
• Participant language
• Presenting findings
• Part of qualitative research practice
• Flexibility Metaphor: Qualitative research as a journey
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With Gratitude:
• Lyn Richards (1998). Closeness to the data: The changing goals of
qualitative data handling (Qualitative Health Research).
• Linda Gilbert (2002) Going the distance: ‘Closeness’ in qualitative
data analysis software (International Journal of Social Research
Methodology).
• George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980). Metaphors We Live By.
• George Lakoff and Rafael E. Núñez (2002). Where Mathematics
Comes From.
• Fred Davis (1973). The Martian and the convert: Ontological
polarities in social research. (Urban Life and Culture).
• Johnny Saldaña (2015). Thinking Qualitatively: Methods of Mind.
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7 Tendencies in Qualitative Research
(not absolutes!)
1. Social science research
2. Holistic understandings
3. “Naturalistic” versus “Controlled” settings
4. Pursuit of “how” and “why” over “what”
5. Unstructured data (audio, video, interviews,
observations . . . )
6. Complex craft of linking research questions,
theories and methods
7. Flexible (Research Questions, Methods,
Handling, Analysis, Reporting)
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• Pen, Paper
• Qualitative Data
Analysis Software
(QDAS)
• Video recorder
• Eyes
• Ears
• Transcription
machine
• Interviews
• Focus groups
• Field notes
• Archival research
• Surveys
• Conflict
• Critical
• Functional
• Poststructural
• Feminist
• Symbolic
interaction
• Exchange
• Participant
observation
• Emancipatory
research
• Community
based
• Case study
• Hypothesis
testing
• Action research
• Constructivism
• Pragmatism
• Empiricism
• Rationalism
Tools Methods Methodologies Theories Epistemologies
6. Complex craft of linking research
questions, theories and methods
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Broad focus
Narrow focus
7. Flexibility
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Seconds
Centuries
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System
Element
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Incident
Tradition
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Insiders
Outsiders
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Which is
most
important?
Polling
Question
#2
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• Saldaña (in Leavy) using the metaphor
of acting to describe qualitative skills:
• “. . . your work must be improvisational–acting, reacting,
and interacting with data on a moment-by-moment basis to
determine what obstacles stand in your way and what
strategies you should take to reach your goals.” (p. 581)
Flexibility and Improvisation
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• Lakoff and Johnson: Orientational metaphor
Metaphors in everyday life
“I am in a good mood”
“I am feeling a little out of it”
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Up and Down
Happy is up; sad is down
Conscious is up; unconscious is down
Health and life are up; sickness and death are down
Having control is up; being subject to control is down
More is up; less is down
Status is up; low status is down
Virtue is up; depravity is down
Examples
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Closeness and Distance
Walk in my shoes
Monday morning
quarterback
Externally driven (Inter)personally driven
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“Qualitative research is an adventure”
NEAR
“Navigating the politics at this site is exhausting.”
“I am launching a study.”
“I love working in the field.”
“I am just going to dive in and see how it goes.”
FAR
“I can barely see the light at the end of the tunnel.”
“I need to get some distance to think about it.”
“Running matrix queries in NVivo gives me a topographical view.”
“That meeting was enough to make me jump ship.”
One Dimension of Research Flexibility:
Researcher Closeness and Distance
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• When you move closer to one thing, you move farther from
another
Near and Far are always relative, not
absolute
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Conceptually
Vantage: Center Periphery
Culture: Incident Tradition
Structure: Element System
Stakeholders: Insiders Outsiders
Self: Engaged Observing
Timing: Past Present
Practically
Sensory: Audio, video, written, motion, experiential
Speed/tempo: Slow, fast, reverse
Timing: Put down, pick up
Data: Distill, expand
Literature: Connect, diverge
Tips for moving near and far
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Inspirational video on YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LwwqlsSH4Hw
What kind of journey are you on?
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While we do our best to answer as many questions as we can, time constraints
may not allow us to answer every question. Thank you for understanding.
Send us your questions!
Send in your questions
via the Question Box
on your screen. →
Using Twitter? Use
the hashtag
#SAGETalks.
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Webinar recording, slides, and follow-up Q&A will be
emailed to you and available on sagepub.com/sagetalks.
Thank you!
Kristi Jackson
• Website: queri.com
• Email: kjackson@queri.com
Be sure to check our website for updates on our webinar series!