Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
Genetically Modified Crops
1.
2. About
• Plants, the DNA of which
has been modified using
genetic engineering
techniques, to resist pests
and agents causing harm
to plants and to improve
the growth of these plants
to assist in farmers
efficiency.
• Genetic engineering
offers a rapid and precise
method of altering
organisms as compared
to traditional methods that
are slow and inaccurate.
Profits
• Enhanced taste and
quality
• Reduced maturation time
• Increased nutrients
• Higher yields
• Higher stress tolerance
• Improved resistance to
disease, pests, and
herbicides
• New products and
growing techniques
• Drought tolerance
• Increased food security
• Help stomp out famine
Risks
• Potential human health
impacts
• Domination of world food
production by a few
companies
• Bio-piracy
• Tampering with nature by
mixing genes among
species
• Labeling Not mandatory in
some countries
• Introducing allergens and
toxins to food
• Adversely changing the
nutrient content of a crop
3. India approved Bt cotton in 2002 and within a few
years yields were up dramatically.
Most of the yield increase happened between 2002-5
when Bt comprised between 0.4-5.6% of India‟s
cotton.
In the last 4 years, as Bt has risen from 67% to 92%
of India‟s cotton, yields have dropped steadily.
Since 2007, yields in AP have dropped back to below
where they were before farmers started adopting Bt
cotton.
12. 10-year moratorium on field trials of Bt food crops
A panel of scientists, qualified in evaluation of the biosafety data of GM
crops, has been engaged for scrutiny and analyses of the safety data.
until an independent assessment has evaluated its “impact” and
“suitability”
Requirement for preliminary biosafety tests
13. Labelling of GM Food
From January
1, 2013 all
packaged
foods
containing any
genetically
modified (GM)
organisms
must be
labelled as
such.
Many food
products in
India are
either derived
from, or
processed in,
countries
where a large
majority of the
crops
cultivated are
GMOs
Every
package
containing the
genetically
modified food
shall bear at
the top of its
principal
display panel
the letters
'GM'.
People may
confuse it as
an acronym
for 'gram„
India also
does not have
any labs to
test GM
ingredients in
processed
food
17. Do you know what Genetically-Modified
(GM) food is?
Yes
76%
No
24%
Yes
No
18. To what extent do you accept GM food?
I love it!
9%
Its ok.
60%
accept if no other option
29%
I hate it!
2%
I love it!
Its ok.
accept if no other option
I hate it!
20. What do you think about the importance of
labelling GM food?
It must be
37%
It should be
34%
Doesn't matter
24%
Of no use
5%
It must be
It should be
Doesn't matter
Of no use
21. Which of the following terms have you
heard about?
97
46
97
93
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
CLONING
TRANSGENIC
HYBRIDIZATION
GENETIC ENGINEERING
22. If you see that a food is labelled "genetically
modified", would you still buy it?
Yes
60%
No
40%
Yes
No
23. Which of the following types of GM food
do u accept?
61
21
71
65
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
CLONING
TRANSGENIC
HYBRIDIZATION
GENETIC ENGINEERING
24. GM food will overtake the non-GM
counterparts as the majority?
Strongly agree
9%
Agree
39%
Neutral
33%
Disagree
15%
Strongly Disagree
4%
Strongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
25. GM crops would save world hunger?
Strongly agree
12%
Agree
49%
Neutral
30%
Disagree
5%
Strongly Disagree
4%
Strongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Editor's Notes
When we talk about environment...Things which come to our mind is trees, plants, animals etc.So plants n trees, we all know these are the main food resources for human beings.But when we humans apply science & engineering in this field... the result we get is genetically modified crops, we have already discussed the effects of these crops on human health & environment in previous presentation.In this part first we are summarising the things from previous presentation. Then we are going to discuss the scenario of GM crops in India. Effects of GM crops on Indian agriculture & necessity of labelling of products containing GM crops.Also we conducted an online survey to know the general attitude towards the genetically modified food.
This graph shows the net export & import of cotton in India from 2002 to 2009. As we can see from the graph that before adoption of BT cotton India was deepened on other countries for cotton, but from 2003 onwards the scenario was completely changed & graph of export is touching the new heights…
After ban on GM field trials, another important decision was taken in this direction is labelling of GM food products. To ensure that the public has a clear choiceOn the very first day of this year, Indian government made GM food labelling compulsory because many food products in India came from other countries where GM crops are very common. BUT right now this is not very successful and no proper rules of labelling has been defined as such. People can misunderstand the letters GM as gram. So this is not the right way of labelling.Also we don’t have any facility in India to test if a product is having GM contents or not. So this also increases the complexity of this rule.
In our society, to estimate the awareness & attitude towards genetically modified food, we conducted an online survey with help of google forms.Our questionnaire has question like how much people know about GM food and up to what extent they are concern about the food they are getting. We targeted our friends on social networking sites for this purpose. We sent them the link of the form and requested them to fill that.
We started collecting responses from about one month ago & till now we have collected a total of 127 responses. As you can see this is a large list, so it is not possible to analyse all of the responses one by one. Hence we are showing here the summarised results of the responses we collected so far.
First of all let us summarise about people who responded us,Out of 127 people who responded, 102 are males & 25 are females. Coming to the age groups- 104 are of age group 19-23 and 13 are of 24-28 years. Next we see education part- 65 are under graduate students & 51 are post graduate students.So we can say that our results are based on responses of young population of India. & most of these are from engineering background.
Our very first question was… Do you know what Genetically-Modified (GM) food is? In reply to this question 1/4th of the people said that they don’t know what is this GM food.It is of no surprise for me that they don’t know about this because I also didn’t know much about GM food before working on this project. But a good thing is that 74% of people know the meaning of GM food.
As according to the results we can see most people are ok with the GM food. This shows a high acceptance level of GM food among youth. But this result also may be like this because either they don’t know the real meaning of GM food or they are unaware of the risks involve in this.
Now this is an interesting result. 38% of people are in favour that GM food is environmentally safe. only total of 26% are against this. Rest 36% are neutral about this. This result is against the well known fact that there are a lot of risks are involved with GM crops cultivation. So this is quite obvious that youth do not know much about the environmental risks involved in cultivating GM crops.
What do you think about the importance of labelling GM food? As a good consumer 69% of people thinksthat there should be a proper label if products have any GM contents. But 31% also don’t care about labelling & take this as useless. This shows that they are either not much concern or unaware of the risks with GM food.