2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: The IEA PVPS Task 14 High penetration PV in Electricity Grids, Roland Bruendlinger, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology

1. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
The IEA PVPS Task 14
High penetration PV in Electricity Grids
Roland Bründlinger
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology
PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop,
Santa Clara, May 6, 2014

2. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
Outline
• Challenges of PV integration
• Overview IEA PVPS Task 14
• Results and publications
• Summary and outlook

3. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
(Quelle:EPIA-GlobalMarketOutlook2013),
2012figures
• End 2013: Estimated >130 GW installed worldwide (+35% from 2012) (EPIA)
• PV penetration levels growing worldwide
DEU ~36 GW
CHN ~19 GW (+11 in 2013!)
ITA ~17 GW
JAP ~14 GW (+7 in 2013)
USA ~13 GW
High Penetration of PV in Electricity Grids
A global trend

4. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Global PV cooperation network
• 29 members: 24 countries, EC, Associations: EPIA,
SEPA, SEIA, Copper Alliance
• Activities are carried out collaboratively on a country basis
along a number of technical and non-technical subjects
• Currently, 6 Tasks are active
• To enhance the international collaborative efforts which
facilitate the role of photovoltaic solar energy as a
cornerstone in the transition to sustainable energy
systems
• Task 14 High PV Penetration in Electricity Grids
IEA PVPS basics

5. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Goals & Objectives
– Promote the use of grid connected PV as
an important source in electric power
systems
– Develop and verify technical requirements
for PV and electric power systems to allow
for high penetrations of PV systems
– Discuss the active role of PV systems
related to energy management and system
control of electricity grids
– Reduce the technical barriers to achieve
high penetration levels of distributed
renewable energy systems on the electric
power system
IEA PVPS Task 14:
High Penetration of PV in Electricity Grids

6. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Subtask 1: PV generation in correlation to energy
demand: Switzerland
Show how with better prediction tools and
optimized local energy management, PV
penetration can be improved.
• Subtask 2: High penetration in local distribution
grids: Germany
Identify and interpret the role of PV in distribution
grids and impact analyses of high PV penetration
• Subtask 3: High penetration solutions for central
PV scenarios: Japan
PV integration from the total power system view
point, including forecasting, power system
operation and augmentation
• Subtask 4: Smart inverter technology for high
penetration of PV: Austria
Technology, technical requirements and standards
as well as system integration aspects for inverters
with High Penetration PV
IEA PVPS Task 14:
Organization and structure

7. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
European commission
Experts from
• Utilities, DNOs
• Industry, manufacturers,
consultancies
• Applied research
• Universities
• Agencies
16 Countries
1 Association
IEA PVPS Task 14:
Networks

8. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Support PV integration on high penetration levels by
► access to more transparent technical analyses
► guidelines and best practices for industry, network operators, energy
planners as well as authorities in the energy business
► comprehensive international studies for high penetration PV
• Develop key methodologies for large scale PV integration
► PV Power Forecast
► Active management and control of grid integrated PV
► Grid interconnection studies and planning
► Technical standards and interconnection requirements
• Active dissemination of objective and neutral high-quality information
► Task 14 Reports
► Task 14 Workshops
► National information networks of Task 14 members
IEA PVPS Task 14:
Outcomes

9. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Worldwide survey covering 3 regions: USA, Europe and Japan
• Report published 10/2013
Source:JanRemund,Meteotest
Source Location of
validation
Time step and
forecast time
Uncertainty
% of
persistence
Uncertainty
RMSE (relative or
absolute)
DLR (DE) Southern Spain 1 h, day 1 DNI: 50 – 64% rmse
CanmetENERGY (CAN) Canada, USA 1 h, day 1 – 2 57%
JWA (JP) Japan 30 Min, 1h. 140 W/m2
MeteoSwiss (CH) Switzerland - - -
Univ. Oldenburg /
Meteocontrol (DE)
Switzerland
Southern Spain
Canada, Spain
1 h, day 1 65%
61% 2
57% 2
42 % rmse
21 % rmse
Univ. Jaen (ES) Southern Spain 1 h, day 1 72% 2
DTU IMM (DK) Denmark 68% 2
AIST / Waseda (JP) Japan 1 h, day 1 100 W/m2
Univ. GIFU (JP) Gifu 1 h 64% rmse
UCSD (USA) San Diego, 4 days 30 sec.
5 min.
50%
75%
Bluesky Wetteranalyse (A) Switzerland 1 h, day 1 65%2
Irsolav (ES) Spain 1 h, day 1 18 – 35% rmse
Meteotest (CH) Switzerland 1 h, day 1 72% 2 41 – 50% rmse
Weather Analytics (USA) - - -
Grid integration of PV
PV forecast and PV power prediction tools

10. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Distribution integration case studies
from 11 countries highlighting practices
and solutions in different countries
– Australia
– Austria
– Belgium
– China
– Germany
– Greece
– Italy
– Japan
– Spain
– Switzerland
– Unites States of America
• Report will be published in May 2014
Source:IEA-PVPSTask14Report(May2014)
Grid integration of PV
High Penetration on the distribution level

11. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Discussion of the Impacts of PV
Penetration and Other Variable RES on the
overall power system level
• Power system operation and augmentation
planning with high penetration PV
• Selected Case Studies on PV integration
from the overall power system perspective
– Australia
– China
– Europe
– Denmark, Germany, Greece, Italy,
Switzerland
– Japan
– USA
• Report will be published in June 2014
Source:IEA-PVPSTask14ST3Report(TobepublishedJune2014)
High Penetration PV on the overall power
system level
Mo Di Mi Do Fr Sa So
0
50
100
150
200
250
Wochentag
Leistung(GW)
Biomasse Laufwasser Wind Offshore Wind Onshore PV Residuallast Last
EE-Einspeisung und Strombedarf, Szenario Basis2050 (Meteo-Jahr 2011) 1. Kalenderw oche
Mo Di Mi Do Fr Sa So
0
50
100
150
200
250
Wochentag
Leistung(GW)
Biomasse Laufwasser Wind Offshore Wind Onshore PV Residuallast Last
EE-Einspeisung und Strombedarf, Szenario Basis2050 (Meteo-Jahr 2011) 25. Kalenderw oche

12. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Case studies for PV grid
integration
– Base case
PV 4.5kWh/d
– Integration with DSM
PV 6.5kWh/d (+45%)
– Integration with storage
system
PV 12kWh/d (+165%)
– Integration with DSM and
storage system PV
12.9kWh/d (+185%)
• Report planned to be published
10/2014
Grid integration of PV
Network driven demand side management

13. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Report on current experiences of high PV penetration and active /
reactive power control strategies in distribution grids (05/2014)
– country specific measures for increasing the local PV penetration in distribution grids
in a technically effective and economically efficient way
• Report on Recommendations for managing the transition from One-
Directional to Bi-Directional Distribution Grids (05/2014)
– State-of-the-Art and advanced solutions for the transition of local distribution grids
– Entering the final stage: Future prospects for the transition towards high national
penetration scenarios
• Report on System-wide PV generation analysis and forecast (10/2013)
• Report “Power system operation planning with PV integration” (06/2014)
– Describes high penetration solutions for central PV generation scenarios including
aspects of Power system operation and augmentation planning with PV integration.
• Planned presentations for EU PVSEC Amsterdam September 2014
Grid integration of PV
Publications and reports

14. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Successful series of events since 2010 with more than 500 participants
Beijing: Chinese
Academy of Science
Golden: DoE,
NREL, SEPA,
Valencia:
Task1, Task14
Kassel: SMA
Sydney:
UNSW, APVA
Lisbon: EdP
Paris: Task14,
SHC Task 46
Tokyo: NEDO
Brussels: 3E,
MetaPV
Task 14 High Penetration Workshops
Bringing together stakeholders worldwide
Geneva:
Task14

15. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Increasing penetration levels of PV (and RES) present challenges
on the overall power system as well as on the local levels
• PVPS Task 14 shows, that solutions for integrating PV on high
penetration levels are available, they still need to be implemented
in an appropriate way
• Task 14 supports PV integration on high penetration levels
– access to more transparent technical analyses
– guidelines and best practices for industry, network operators,
energy planners as well as authorities in the energy business
– comprehensive international studies for high penetration PV
– Active dissemination of successful experiences and examples of
High Penetration PV
High Penetration of PV in Electricity Grids
Summary and key conclusions

16. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
• Second term 2014-2018 officially approved
by IEA-PVPS ExCo in April 2014
• New activity on Market implications with
High PV Penetration
– Introduce market aspects and investigate
market implications of solutions developed in
the technical subtasks
• New work on Communication and control for
High Pen PV in Smart Grids
– Analyze appropriate control strategies and
communication technologies to integrate a high
number of distributed PV in smart electricity
networks
• Experts welcome!
High Penetration of PV in Electricity Grids
Outlook

17. IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME
Thank you!
All reports and workshop
presentations can be found on
http://www.iea-pvps.org
For any further questions contact:
Roland Bründlinger & Christoph Mayr
Operating Agents IEA PVPS Task 14
AIT – Austrian Institute of Technology
Vienna, Austria
roland.bruendlinger@ait.ac.at
christoph.mayr@ait.ac.at