Understand Digital Art Instantly
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A 20-minute introduction to the history of digital art. Presentation for the symposium ‘Transformation Digital Art’ International symposium on the preservation of born-digital art Stichting Behoud Moderne Kunst and LIMA, Amsterdam, NL http://www.sbmk.nl/projects/detail/id/36
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Understand Digital Art Instantly
- 1. LIMA, February 19, 2016 Sandra Fauconnier sandra.fauconnier@gmail.com @sanseveria
- 2. history of digital art in 20 minutes 1. timeline 2. (themes) new media art information arts computer art digital art tool vs medium production storage characteristics
- 4. 1940 1950 1960 1970 Memex ENIAC (UPenn) Cybernetics hypertext hypermedia ARPANET interface mouse Xerox PARC: GUI
- 5. 1940 1950 1960 1970 Memex ENIAC (UPenn) Cybernetics hypertext hypermedia ARPANET interface mouse Xerox PARC: GUI Dada Fluxus conceptual art instructions concept, event, audience participation
- 6. The ZUSE Graphomat Z64 drawing machine in 1964. Credit: Robert Rohrbach
- 7. Frieder Nake, 13/9/65 Nr. 2, 1965 (also known as Homage to Paul Klee). Digital Art Museum, Berlin
- 8. A. Michael Noll Gaussian Quadratic © AMN 1965 1962
- 10. Frieder Nake Michael A. Noll Bela Julesz Georg Nees John Whitney Charles Csuri Vera Molnar
- 11. Lejaren Hillen at the University of Illinois Illiac I computer – Illiac Suite for String Quartet, 1957
- 12. Howard Wise Gallery Computer-Generated Pictures exhibition, 1965
- 13. Cybernetic Serendipity exhibition at ICA London curated by Jasia Reichardt, 1968
- 14. Tendencies 4 Zagreb, Museum of Art and Work & Gallery of Contemporary Art, 1968-69
- 15. Software, exhibition at Jewish Museum organized by Jack Burnham, 1970
- 16. launched 1967 by Billy Klüver, Fred Wadhauer, Robert Rauschenberg, Robert Whitman
- 17. Harold Cohen AARON at Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, 1977
- 18. academia research centers / labs military-industrial complex consumer culture
- 19. Zomerzegels 1970, graphic design: R.D.E. Oxenaar, in collaboration with the group numerical control of the department business science i.o., Technical University Eindhoven.
- 20. Zomerzegels 1970, graphic design: R.D.E. Oxenaar, in collaboration with the group numerical control of the department business science i.o., Technical University Eindhoven.
- 22. Edward Ihnatowicz Senster robotic sculpture at Evoluon, Eindhoven 1971-74
- 24. 1980 1990 2000 2010
- 25. academia research centers / labs military-industrial complex consumer culture digital citizenship / activism
- 26. Leonardo Journal founded 1968 SIGGRAPH, first conference 1974 Ars Electronica (Linz, Austria) founded 1979 V2_ (Rotterdam, the Netherlands) founded 1981 ISEA, first symposium 1988 ZKM (Karlsruhe, Germany) founded 1989
- 27. Aesthetics of the digital • Art and cinematography • Artificial intelligence, intelligent agents • Artificial life • Bodies, surrogates, emergent systems • Body and identity • Charged environments • Coded form and electronic production • Cyborg bodies • Databases, data visualization, mapping • Gaming • Generative tools • Mapping and text • Mobile and locative media • Motion, duration, illumination • Networks, surveillance, culture jamming • Photo / byte • Public sphere • Simulations and simulacra • Social networking • Sound and image • Tactical media, activism, hacktivism • Technologies of the future • Telepresence, telematics, telerobotics • Text and narrative environments • Virtual worlds
- 28. Kit Galloway & Sherrie Rabinowitz Hole in Space, 1980
- 29. Lynn Hershman Leeson Lorna, 1979-1984 Collection ZKM | Center for Art and Media
- 30. Robert Adrian X Die Welt in 24 Stunden, Sept 27-28, 1982, Ars Electronica Festival
- 31. The Thing initiated by Wolfgang Staehle, 1991
- 32. Jeffrey Shaw with Dirk Groeneveld: The Legible City, 1989-1991
- 33. ART+COM: Terravision (1994) Google Earth initial release: 2001
- 34. Antonio Muntadas The File Room, 1994
- 35. Granular Synthesis Modell 5, 1994-96
- 38. Martine Neddam, Mouchette.org, 1996
- 39. Cory Arcangel Super Mario Clouds 2002 collection Whitney Museum of American Art
- 40. Tale of Tales The Endless Forest 2005
- 41. Aram Bartholl, “Map,” 2013. Aram Bartholl/datenform.de
- 43. F.A.T. Lab August 1, 2015 http://fffff.at/rip/
Notes de l'éditeur
- Presentation for the symposium ‘Transformation Digital Art’ International symposium on the preservation of born-digital art http://www.sbmk.nl/projects/detail/id/36
- digital = using digits, particularly binary digits digital signal = formed from a discrete set of distinguishable waveforms, not signals from continous ranges
- highlights/canon/typical examples Sources include www.monoskop.org maintained by Dusan Barok www.mediaartnet.org archive.aec.at ‘Digital Art’ by Christiane Paul, Thames & Hudson, World of Art series, originally published 2003 ‘Art and Electronic Media’ by Edward A. Shanken, Phaidon, 2009 – online companion at http://artelectronicmedia.com/ ‘The Anthology of Computer Art / Sonic Acts XI’ by Arie Altena and Lucas van der Velden, 2006 ‘Mapping the beginnings of computer-generated art in the Netherlands’ by Darko Fritz, 2011 http://virtueelplatform.nl/g/content/download/darko-fritz-nl-comp-art-n.pdf
- 1830s already: Charles Babbage, Analytical Engine 1940 Memex: article ‘As We May Think’ by Vannevar Bush 1945 – device that allows users to browse through documents via their own trail / direct data entry ENIAC – Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer – University of Pennsylvania, 1946 – first general-purpose digital computer Cybernetics coined by Norbert Wiener – comparative study of communication and control systems e.g. computer and human brain 1960 Theodor Nelson 1961 coined hypertext, hypermedia, networked docuverse – nonlinear ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency 1957 US dept. of defense. ARPANET formed in 1969 Douglas Engelbart 1968 bitmapping: computer screen consisting of on/off pixels 1970 Xerox PARC: desktop metaphor with windows, popularized by Apple Macintosh in 1980s image: Xerox Star workstation, commercially available from 1981
- Dada poetry based on formal instructions, interplay of randomness and control
- Flatbed drawing machine engineered by computer pioneer Konrad Zuse. Originally intended for the production of maps and land registration purposes. Georg Nees and Frieder Nake did their first computer art pieces on this device.
- Whitney is considered to be one of the fathers of computer animation.
- Generally agreed to be the first score composed by an electronic computer.
- 1st exhibition of this kind in the US Works by A. Michael Noll and Bela Julesz
- Toured the US too Some pieces bought by Exploratorium Inspired formation of the British Computer Arts Society
- Series of exhibitions on visual research. The 4th, in 1968, included the computer as medium of artistic work.
- 9 evenings: October 1966 artists: John Cage, Lucinda Childs, Öyvind Fahlström, Alex Hay, Deborah Hay, Steve Paxton, Yvonne Rainer, Robert Rauschenberg, David Tudor, and Robert Whitman engineers: Bela Julesz, Billy Klüver, Max Mathews, John Pierce, Manfred Schroeder, and Fred Waldhauer
- AARON: computer program built by Harold Cohen to codify the act of drawing
- Oxenaar used program called CORAGRAPH.
- original Apple Macintosh, the Macintosh 128k, released in January 1984 some of my friends had Amiga’s etc
- Montevideo was founded in 1978 by Rene Coelho
- telepresence, art and communication, social implications of new technology Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, NY The Broadway department store, Los Angeles
- narrative Lorna, agoraphobic woman in her apartment, controlled by the viewer via remote control First interactive video art disc Migrated to DVD in 2004
- art and telecommunication
- context – platforms, networks NY, Vienna, Amsterdam, Cologne, Berlin BBS via telephone 1991 website 1995
- narrative, virtual worlds navigable on a stationary bike cities Amsterdam, Manhattan, Karlsruhe
- mapping, simulation technologies of the future founded 1988
- data, activism
- immersion Japanese performance artist Akemi Takeya Synthesized from one single recording
- cyborg / body and technology
- language of new media
- identity
- gaming, popular culture, language of new media
- gaming, popular culture
- virtual and public space language of new media
- activism 2010, a WORM initiative
- activism