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SPAIN
(ESPAÑA)
• Officially the Kingdom of Spain
• Member of the European Union
• Located in South-Western
Europe
• Area: 504,403 sq.kms
• Population: approximately 47
million
• Capital: Madrid
WHAT IS SPAIN?
GEOGRAPHY
• Located in the Iberian
Peninsula(occupies about 85% of it)
• Borders Portugal on the
West, Gibraltar and Morocco on the
South and France and Andorra on the
North-east
• Spain includes the Balearic Islands in
the Mediterranean Sea, the Canary
Islands in the Atlantic Ocean and a
number of uninhabited islands in the
Mediterranean Sea.
GEOGRAPHY
• Spain is a mountainous country
• Mountain ranges include the
Pyrenees, Cordillera
Cantábrica, Sistema Ibérico, Sistema
Central, Montes de Toledo, etc.
• Highest point in Spain: Teide, a
3,718m high active volcano in the
Canary Islands (3rd biggest volcano in
the world)
• Several major rivers in Spain: the
Tagus, the Ebro, the Duero, the
Guadiana and the Guadalquivir
MOUNTAINS AND
RIVERS
Three main climatic zones:
• The Mediterranean climate:
– dry and warm summers
– dominant in the peninsula
• The Semiarid climate:
– south-eastern quarter of the country
– dry season extends beyond the summer
• The Oceanic climate:
– northern quarter of the country
– winter and summer temperatures are influenced
by the ocean, and it has no seasonal drought
Other sub-types can be found: the alpine climate
in the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada, and a typical
subtropical climate in the Canary Islands.
CLIMATE
• Spain is a popular destination for
vacation
• Tourism is one of the major sources of
income for the people of Spain
• Employs about 10% of the work force
• Picturesque landscape with sandy
beaches and awe inspiring urban
attractions
• Spain attracts about 48 million tourists
every year
TOURISM
• Located in Madrid
• Designed by architect Juan de Villanueva
• One of the greatest museums in Europe
• Houses a rich collection of more than 4000
paintings dating back to the period
between the 15th and the 19th century
PRADO MUSEUM
• Located in Barcelona
• Spread over an area of 20 hectares
• Constructed between 1910 and 1914
• A perfect combination of urban and
natural landscapes
PARK GUELL
• Located in Andalusia
• Spread over an area of 543 sq.kms
• The most popular wetlands in Europe
• Features the Earth‟s fractal brain
DONANA NATIONAL PARK
• La Rambla , Sagrada
Familia, Picasso Museum, FC
Barcelona Museum and
Montserrat in Barcelona
• The Pyrenees range in North
Spain
• La
Pedrera, Toledo, Pamplona, Zoo
de Madrid, Costa Blanca
Beach, The Balearic
Islands, Parque del Buen Retiro
and Sierra Nevada Mountains
OTHER TOURIST
ATTRACTIONS
• Spain has a Socialist Government
• Because it is a socialist
government, all medical treatment
is free in Spain
• Most medicines are also free.
Medicines that do cost money are
very inexpensive
• The doctors in Spain don´t make
as much money as the doctors in
other countries
GOVERNMENT
• The currency used in Spain is
Euro
• 1 Euro is equal to 1.3259 US$
MONEY
• The people in Spain are referred to as
Spaniards
• Approximately 87.8% of the people are
natives and the rest are immigrants
• Part of the Spanish population is the
Spanish Roma (formerly-nomadic
community that holds importance in
Spanish culture and folklore)
• Religion:
– Catholics: 76%
– Other religions: 5%
– Atheists: 19%
• Literacy rate: 97.9%
PEOPLE
JAVIER BARDEM
PENELOPE CRUZ
FAMOUS
PERSONALITIES
RAFAEL NADAL
IKER CASILLAS
FAMOUS
PERSONALITIES
ENRIQUE
IGLESIAS
FERNANDO
ALONSO
FAMOUS
PERSONALITIES
• Greetings consist
of a handshake
and a kiss on both
cheeks
• Spanish men
maintain longer
eye contact with females
• Life is slow paced
• Life begins when the sun goes
down
CONFORMITIES
• Modern, conservative and stylish
• Girls wear trousers
• Boys are into designer wear
• Denim is “in”
• Short skirts and swim-wear are
frowned upon
CLOTHING
• Spain is very family oriented
• Sunday is considered “Family Day” and all of
the malls and stores are closed so no one in the
family has to work and everybody can spend
time with their loved ones
• Spaniards eat lunch together almost everyday
• The grandparents usually live with the families
• Families usually live near each other
FAMILY
• Short nap taken in the
early afternoon, often
after the midday meal
• Such a period of sleep
is a common tradition
in Spain
• The real siesta takes
place in the bed and in
pyjamas, but a suitable sofa is also fine if
a bed is not available
• Timing is very important. A siesta should
last between 15-30 minutes, not more
than that
SIESTA
• Evenings start with el paseo(a stroll
along the street)
• Spanish life is lived in the streets
• Street cafes and bars are open till
late night
• Nightclubs are the main attraction
for teenagers
NIGHTLIFE
• Education in Spain is free and it lasts
from 6 to 16 years of age.
• Children from the ages of 3-5 have the
opportunity of attending pre-
school, which is free for all students
• The child can get a job when he or she is
16 years old
• The current education in Spain is known
as the Fundamental Law of Education
EDUCATION
• Spanish (Español) is the official
language of Spain
• Second most spoken first language in
the world
• Examples:
- Hi : Hola - Bye : Adios
- Good Morning : Buenos días
- Good Afternoon : Buenas tardes
- Good Night : Buenas noches
- Thank You : Gracias
- Welcome : De nada
- Sorry : Lo siento
- Excuse me : perdón
LANGUAGE
• Music in Spain is traditionally
very upbeat and fast
• Over time, the music types of
pop, rock, hip-hop and heavy
metal have become
popular, especially in Madrid and
Barcelona
• Spain has over 40,000 professional
orchestras
• The most popular traditional
musical instrument, the
guitar, originated in Spain
MUS C
• Complicated dance movement that originates
from the native country of Spain and is not
predominately influenced by other
communities or cultures
• It is mainly performed by talented
professionals
• Traditional Spanish dances are:
– Flamenco
– Jota Aragonesa
– Sardana
– Muñeira
– Zambra
– Bolero
– Fandango
– Paso doble
– Sevillana
DANCE
• A passionate dance hailing from
gypsies, flamenco is internationally
famous
• It is a great Spanish Tradition
• Cante: the song
• Baile: the dance
• Guitarra: guitar playing
FLAMENCO
• This typical dance hails from the
north of Spain, namely Aragón
• Features a fast tempo as couples
dance with their hands raised high
above their heads playing
castanets
JOTA ARAGONESA
• Several couples join hands
and dance in a closed circle
in this traditional dance
from Catalonia
SARDANA
• Danced in twos or alone along
the music of bagpipes
• Typical throughout Galicia and
Asturias
MUÑEIRA
• One of the oldest and most
traditional dances in the history
of Spanish dance
• Quick Spanish dance boasting
sudden pauses and sharp turns
BOLERO
• A quick one-step Spanish dance
PASO DOBLE
• Lively and joyous dance typical
of Seville and reminiscent of
flamenco that features four
distinct parts
SEVILLANA
• Each town has its own celebration
• Spain celebrates national holidays
such as Christmas, Easter, All Saint‟s
Day, etc.
• Majority of festivals are religion
based
FIESTAS(FESTIVALS)
AND TRADITIONS
• Celebrated in a high-spirited way
• Street parties, processions, travelling
fairs, bullfighting, fireworks, cockfigh
ts, horse races, etc. take place
• Indigenous people dress in native
costumes and show traditional
dances and music
PATRON SAINT’S DAY
CHRISTMAS
• December 23:
– Sing, pray, and eat together at every
house
– Sing villancicos (carols) together
– Asaltos – surprise visits by groups
of friends going from one house to
another
– Children ask for aguinaldo (or small
gift)
• December 24 “La noche buena”:
– Everyone attends midnight mass
– Drink, dance, open presents, eat
foods such as tamales and turkey
CHRISTMAS
• Children fill small boxes with
grass for the King‟s horses and
parents replace the grass with
gifts
• Christmas decorations are taken
down
• Boys play the part of the three
kings and wear fake
beards, crowns, and long robes
and sit in the plazas of towns
where children go to have their
pictures taken
DÍA DE LOS TRES REYES
(THREE KINGS DAY)
CARNIVAL
• Originated in medieval Europe as the final
celebration of feasting and merrymaking
• Spanish and West African traditions
merged – West African slaves took
advantage of the 4-day Spanish holiday to
revel in their freedom and turned it into an
elaborate celebration
• A time to drink, eat, and party in excess
• Men wear a papier-mache mask of several
colors, an orange or red sash draped across
the torso
• Women wear pollera de gala or deluxe
pollera, complete with elaborate headpieces
and jewelry made of gold and pearls
CARNIVAL
LA TOMATINA
TOMATO FIGHT
• Worlds' biggest food-fight
• Every year around 30,000 people descend on
to the Spanish town of Buñol (in the Valencia
region of Spain) to throw more than 240,000
pounds of tomatoes at each other
• The festival is started with a ham-on-a-stick
contest where competitors race up a pole to
retrieve a smoked leg of ham
• When the ham is cut down, people put on eye
protection and cry for tomatoes as trucks
dump the squishy produce onto the village
streets
• They then proceed to pelt each other with
tomatoes until all have been used up
LA TOMATINA
TOMATO FIGHT
• The festival on the last Wednesday of August
is called „La Tomatina' and is basically a town-
wide tomato fight
• It is thought that the tradition began in 1945
when a fight erupted among two young
members of a carnival crowd. A vegetable stall
was nearby in the town square and everyone
started throwing tomatoes at each other
• Exactly one year later, young people met at
the square, but this time with their own
tomatoes
• In the following years this practice was
banned by the authorities, but due to popular
demand, it was given official recognition in
1959
LA TOMATINA
TOMATO FIGHT
CORRIDA DE TOROS
(BULL FIGHTING)
• National sport of Spain
• Bull fighting is very closely associated with Spain
and can trace its origins back to 711 A.D
• This is when the first bullfight took place in
celebration for the crowning of King Alfonso VIII
• It is very popular in Spain with several thousand
Spaniards flocking to their local bull-ring each
week
• It is said that the total number of people watching
bullfights in Spain reaches one million every year
• The top bullfighter, called the Matador, performs
the faena, which is a dance with death to
demonstrate his superiority over the bull
• One wrong move and the Matador could be
impaled on the horns of the bull
CORRIDA DE TOROS
(BULL FIGHTING)
CUISINE
CUISINE
• Is influenced by the
Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Jews, Moors
and Muslim Andulicians
• Their traditional pattern is composed of four
meals a day plus some snacks:
– A light breakfast (desayuno): coffee or
chocolate, bread, or churros
– Midmorning breakfast: grilled
sausages, fried squid, bread with tomato
or an omelet
– Light snack: tapas
– Lunch (comida): soup or salad, fish or
meat, and dessert
– Tea and pastries (merienda)
– Supper: soup or omelets and fruit
TAPAS
• Finger food, or (tapas) can be anything that is
served as a finger food usually in a small bowl
• This finger food can be anything from cheese
& ham to olives and is usually eaten at the
same time as drinking at a tapas bar
• The finger food is usually left out on bars and
people will nibble away while drinking and
socializing at the bar
PAELLA
• Valencian rice dish
• Many non-Spaniards view paella as Spain's
national dish, but most Spaniards consider it
to be a regional Valencian dish
• There are three widely known types of paella:
– Valencian paella
– Seafood paella
– Mixed paella
Rice pudding
(Arroz con
leche )
Fixuelos
CATALAN CREAM
• Most famous dish in
Catalonia
• Served on Saint
Joseph's Day, March
19 and is flavored
with lemon or
orange zest, and
cinnamon.
GAZPACHO
• Raw vegetable soup
made of hard
bread, tomato, cucu
mber, bell
pepper, garlic, olive
oil, vinegar of
wine, and salt
PATATAS BRAVAS
GAMBAS AJILLO
(GARLIC PRAWNS)
PESCADO FRITO
(FRIED FISH)
TORTILLA ESPAÑOLA
(SPANISH OMELET)
SPANISH ARMED
FORCES (FUERZAS
ARMADAS
ESPAÑOLAS)
SPANISH ARMED FORCES
(FUERZAS ARMADAS
ESPAÑOLAS)
• Supreme Chief Of Armed Forces (jefe
supremo de las fuerzas armadas) : the
current Chief of the Defence Staff is
General Admiral Fernando Garcia
Sanchez
• Active Members of NATO, the
Eurocorps, and the European Union
Battlegroups
• Three Main Branches:
- Spanish Army
- Spanish Navy
- Spanish Air force
SPANISH ARMY
• Oldest and the largest of the
three services
• Consists of 6 commands:
- Central Command
- Southern Command
- Levante Command
- Eastern Pyrenees Command
- Northwestern Command
- Western Pyrenees Command
HISTORY OF
SPANISH ARMY
• Earlier, the Army was grouped
into two basic categories:
- The Immediate Intervention Forces
-consisted of 3 divisions and 10 brigades
-had the missions of defending the
Pyrenean and the Gibraltar frontiers and of
fulfilling Spain's security commitments
abroad
- The Territorial Operational Defence
Forces
-consisted of 2 divisions and 14 brigades
-maintaining security in the regional
commands and reinforcing the Civil Guard
and the police against subversion and
terrorism
Spain
SPANISH LEGION
• The Spanish Legion, founded in
Spanish Morocco in 1920, has always
been under the direct command of the
chief of the army staff
• It has had a reputation as the toughest
combat unit in the service. It had a
higher number of career soldiers than
other units.
SPANISH WARS
• Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) : between
Spain and UK
• Treaty of London: End of English disruption to
Spanish shipping and colonial expansion;
English Channel opened to Spanish navigation;
piracy against the Spanish Atlantic convoys
halted.
• Spanish–American War (1898) : between Spain
and the UK.
• Treaty of Paris: Independence of Cuba
SPANISH NAVY
SPANISH NAVY
• One of the oldest active naval forces in
the world
• Responsible for the discovery of
Americas, the first world
circumnavigation, and the discovery
of a maritime path from the Far East
to America across the Pacific Ocean
• Was the most powerful maritime force
in the world in the 16th and early 17th
centuries
• After a gradual decline in the second
half of the 17th century, it was revived
following the Spanish War of
Succession and for much of the 18th
century, it was the third strongest in
the world
SPANISH NAVY
• Consists of two units:
• The Special Operations Unit (Unidad de
Operaciones Especiales (UOE)): Trained in
maritime counter-terrorism, combat diving and
swimming, coastal infiltration, ship
boarding, direct action, and special
reconnaissance
• The Combat Diver Unit (Unidad Especial de
Buceadores de Combate (UEBC)): Trained in
underwater demolitions and hydrographic
SPANISH AIR FORCE
SPANISH AIR FORCE
• Hot air balloons had been used with
military purposes in Spain as far back as
1896
• On 17 December 1913, during the war
with Morocco, a Spanish expeditionary
squadron became the first organized
military air unit to see combat during the
first systematic bombing
SPANISH AIR FORCE
• The present Spanish Air Force was
officially established on 7 October
1939
• The Air Regions and their
Command centres after the
changes became the following:
• Combat Air Command (MACOM)
located in Madrid
• Tactical Air Command
(MATAC), Sevilla
• Transport Air Command
(MATRA), Zaragoza
• Canary Islands Air Command
(MAQUEN), Las Palmas
SPANISH AIR FORCE
• Sport in Spain in the second half of
20th century has always been
dominated by football
• Other popular sport activities
include basketball, tennis, cycling,
handball, motorcycling, Formula
One, water sports, golf, and skiing
• Spain has also hosted a number of
international events such as the 1992
Summer Olympics in Barcelona and
the 1982 FIFA World Cup
SPORTS
• Rafael Nadal's Wimbledon
championships in 2008 and 2010
• The 2006 World Basketball
Championship
• The 2009 Basketball Eurocup
• The 2008 Tennis Davis Cup
• Atlético Madrid UEFA Europa
League 2010
• FC Barcelona European success in
2006, 2009 and 2011, the football
team bringing home the Euro
2008 trophy & the 2010 FIFA World
Cup
SPORTS
• Football is the most popular sport in Spain
• La Liga or Primera División (The Spanish
League) is considered to be one of the
world's best competitions
• Successful teams in recent European
competitions are FC Barcelona, Real
Madrid, Sevilla, Villarreal, Valencia and
Atlético Madrid
• The Spanish national football team has
been successful and has qualified for
the FIFA World Cup tournament thirteen
times since 1930
• In 2010, Spain defeated the Netherlands in
the final to win the tournament for the
first time
FOOTBALL
• The Spanish ACB is one of the major
European basketball leagues
• Spanish teams such as Real
Madrid, FC Barcelona and Joventut
Badalona have won international
championships such as the Euro
League or the Eurocup
• The Spanish national basketball
team has achieved a high ranked
position in the international
tournament by winning their first
ever gold medal at the 2006 FIBA
World Championship
BASKETBALL
• Spain has produced a number of tennis
champions, excelling in tournaments
held on clay courts such as the Roland
Garros tournament
• Rafael Nadal is considered the greatest
Spanish tennis player of all time
• He has won the French Open four
consecutive times
• Nadal is the Gold Medalist at 2008
Summer Olympics in Beijing, China
• He currently has ten grand slam titles
to his name, six French Open titles, two
Wimbledon titles, one US Open title
and one Australian Open title
TENNIS
• Spain has hosted three Grand Prix
motorcycle racing events. They include
the Catalan motorcycle Grand
Prix, the Spanish Grand Prix, and
the Valencian Community motorcycle
Grand Prix
• In Formula One, the two world
championships of Fernando
Alonso have made the sport popular in
Spain
• Due to this popularity it is currently the
only country to host two Grands
Prix, the Spanish Grand Prix in
Barcelona and the European Grand
Prix on the Valencia Street Circuit
MOTORSPORTS
• Cycling has been an important sport
in Spain since the 1940s
• The Vuelta a España ("Tour of
Spain") is one of the most important
cycling events in the world
• Golf has become popular among the
Spaniards
• There are a number of golf courses
located in different parts of Spain
CYCLING AND GOLF
GRACIAS

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Spain

  • 2. • Officially the Kingdom of Spain • Member of the European Union • Located in South-Western Europe • Area: 504,403 sq.kms • Population: approximately 47 million • Capital: Madrid WHAT IS SPAIN?
  • 4. • Located in the Iberian Peninsula(occupies about 85% of it) • Borders Portugal on the West, Gibraltar and Morocco on the South and France and Andorra on the North-east • Spain includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean and a number of uninhabited islands in the Mediterranean Sea. GEOGRAPHY
  • 5. • Spain is a mountainous country • Mountain ranges include the Pyrenees, Cordillera Cantábrica, Sistema Ibérico, Sistema Central, Montes de Toledo, etc. • Highest point in Spain: Teide, a 3,718m high active volcano in the Canary Islands (3rd biggest volcano in the world) • Several major rivers in Spain: the Tagus, the Ebro, the Duero, the Guadiana and the Guadalquivir MOUNTAINS AND RIVERS
  • 6. Three main climatic zones: • The Mediterranean climate: – dry and warm summers – dominant in the peninsula • The Semiarid climate: – south-eastern quarter of the country – dry season extends beyond the summer • The Oceanic climate: – northern quarter of the country – winter and summer temperatures are influenced by the ocean, and it has no seasonal drought Other sub-types can be found: the alpine climate in the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada, and a typical subtropical climate in the Canary Islands. CLIMATE
  • 7. • Spain is a popular destination for vacation • Tourism is one of the major sources of income for the people of Spain • Employs about 10% of the work force • Picturesque landscape with sandy beaches and awe inspiring urban attractions • Spain attracts about 48 million tourists every year TOURISM
  • 8. • Located in Madrid • Designed by architect Juan de Villanueva • One of the greatest museums in Europe • Houses a rich collection of more than 4000 paintings dating back to the period between the 15th and the 19th century PRADO MUSEUM
  • 9. • Located in Barcelona • Spread over an area of 20 hectares • Constructed between 1910 and 1914 • A perfect combination of urban and natural landscapes PARK GUELL
  • 10. • Located in Andalusia • Spread over an area of 543 sq.kms • The most popular wetlands in Europe • Features the Earth‟s fractal brain DONANA NATIONAL PARK
  • 11. • La Rambla , Sagrada Familia, Picasso Museum, FC Barcelona Museum and Montserrat in Barcelona • The Pyrenees range in North Spain • La Pedrera, Toledo, Pamplona, Zoo de Madrid, Costa Blanca Beach, The Balearic Islands, Parque del Buen Retiro and Sierra Nevada Mountains OTHER TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
  • 12. • Spain has a Socialist Government • Because it is a socialist government, all medical treatment is free in Spain • Most medicines are also free. Medicines that do cost money are very inexpensive • The doctors in Spain don´t make as much money as the doctors in other countries GOVERNMENT
  • 13. • The currency used in Spain is Euro • 1 Euro is equal to 1.3259 US$ MONEY
  • 14. • The people in Spain are referred to as Spaniards • Approximately 87.8% of the people are natives and the rest are immigrants • Part of the Spanish population is the Spanish Roma (formerly-nomadic community that holds importance in Spanish culture and folklore) • Religion: – Catholics: 76% – Other religions: 5% – Atheists: 19% • Literacy rate: 97.9% PEOPLE
  • 18. • Greetings consist of a handshake and a kiss on both cheeks • Spanish men maintain longer eye contact with females • Life is slow paced • Life begins when the sun goes down CONFORMITIES
  • 19. • Modern, conservative and stylish • Girls wear trousers • Boys are into designer wear • Denim is “in” • Short skirts and swim-wear are frowned upon CLOTHING
  • 20. • Spain is very family oriented • Sunday is considered “Family Day” and all of the malls and stores are closed so no one in the family has to work and everybody can spend time with their loved ones • Spaniards eat lunch together almost everyday • The grandparents usually live with the families • Families usually live near each other FAMILY
  • 21. • Short nap taken in the early afternoon, often after the midday meal • Such a period of sleep is a common tradition in Spain • The real siesta takes place in the bed and in pyjamas, but a suitable sofa is also fine if a bed is not available • Timing is very important. A siesta should last between 15-30 minutes, not more than that SIESTA
  • 22. • Evenings start with el paseo(a stroll along the street) • Spanish life is lived in the streets • Street cafes and bars are open till late night • Nightclubs are the main attraction for teenagers NIGHTLIFE
  • 23. • Education in Spain is free and it lasts from 6 to 16 years of age. • Children from the ages of 3-5 have the opportunity of attending pre- school, which is free for all students • The child can get a job when he or she is 16 years old • The current education in Spain is known as the Fundamental Law of Education EDUCATION
  • 24. • Spanish (Español) is the official language of Spain • Second most spoken first language in the world • Examples: - Hi : Hola - Bye : Adios - Good Morning : Buenos días - Good Afternoon : Buenas tardes - Good Night : Buenas noches - Thank You : Gracias - Welcome : De nada - Sorry : Lo siento - Excuse me : perdón LANGUAGE
  • 25. • Music in Spain is traditionally very upbeat and fast • Over time, the music types of pop, rock, hip-hop and heavy metal have become popular, especially in Madrid and Barcelona • Spain has over 40,000 professional orchestras • The most popular traditional musical instrument, the guitar, originated in Spain MUS C
  • 26. • Complicated dance movement that originates from the native country of Spain and is not predominately influenced by other communities or cultures • It is mainly performed by talented professionals • Traditional Spanish dances are: – Flamenco – Jota Aragonesa – Sardana – Muñeira – Zambra – Bolero – Fandango – Paso doble – Sevillana DANCE
  • 27. • A passionate dance hailing from gypsies, flamenco is internationally famous • It is a great Spanish Tradition • Cante: the song • Baile: the dance • Guitarra: guitar playing FLAMENCO
  • 28. • This typical dance hails from the north of Spain, namely Aragón • Features a fast tempo as couples dance with their hands raised high above their heads playing castanets JOTA ARAGONESA
  • 29. • Several couples join hands and dance in a closed circle in this traditional dance from Catalonia SARDANA
  • 30. • Danced in twos or alone along the music of bagpipes • Typical throughout Galicia and Asturias MUÑEIRA
  • 31. • One of the oldest and most traditional dances in the history of Spanish dance • Quick Spanish dance boasting sudden pauses and sharp turns BOLERO
  • 32. • A quick one-step Spanish dance PASO DOBLE
  • 33. • Lively and joyous dance typical of Seville and reminiscent of flamenco that features four distinct parts SEVILLANA
  • 34. • Each town has its own celebration • Spain celebrates national holidays such as Christmas, Easter, All Saint‟s Day, etc. • Majority of festivals are religion based FIESTAS(FESTIVALS) AND TRADITIONS
  • 35. • Celebrated in a high-spirited way • Street parties, processions, travelling fairs, bullfighting, fireworks, cockfigh ts, horse races, etc. take place • Indigenous people dress in native costumes and show traditional dances and music PATRON SAINT’S DAY
  • 37. • December 23: – Sing, pray, and eat together at every house – Sing villancicos (carols) together – Asaltos – surprise visits by groups of friends going from one house to another – Children ask for aguinaldo (or small gift) • December 24 “La noche buena”: – Everyone attends midnight mass – Drink, dance, open presents, eat foods such as tamales and turkey CHRISTMAS
  • 38. • Children fill small boxes with grass for the King‟s horses and parents replace the grass with gifts • Christmas decorations are taken down • Boys play the part of the three kings and wear fake beards, crowns, and long robes and sit in the plazas of towns where children go to have their pictures taken DÍA DE LOS TRES REYES (THREE KINGS DAY)
  • 40. • Originated in medieval Europe as the final celebration of feasting and merrymaking • Spanish and West African traditions merged – West African slaves took advantage of the 4-day Spanish holiday to revel in their freedom and turned it into an elaborate celebration • A time to drink, eat, and party in excess • Men wear a papier-mache mask of several colors, an orange or red sash draped across the torso • Women wear pollera de gala or deluxe pollera, complete with elaborate headpieces and jewelry made of gold and pearls CARNIVAL
  • 42. • Worlds' biggest food-fight • Every year around 30,000 people descend on to the Spanish town of Buñol (in the Valencia region of Spain) to throw more than 240,000 pounds of tomatoes at each other • The festival is started with a ham-on-a-stick contest where competitors race up a pole to retrieve a smoked leg of ham • When the ham is cut down, people put on eye protection and cry for tomatoes as trucks dump the squishy produce onto the village streets • They then proceed to pelt each other with tomatoes until all have been used up LA TOMATINA TOMATO FIGHT
  • 43. • The festival on the last Wednesday of August is called „La Tomatina' and is basically a town- wide tomato fight • It is thought that the tradition began in 1945 when a fight erupted among two young members of a carnival crowd. A vegetable stall was nearby in the town square and everyone started throwing tomatoes at each other • Exactly one year later, young people met at the square, but this time with their own tomatoes • In the following years this practice was banned by the authorities, but due to popular demand, it was given official recognition in 1959 LA TOMATINA TOMATO FIGHT
  • 45. • National sport of Spain • Bull fighting is very closely associated with Spain and can trace its origins back to 711 A.D • This is when the first bullfight took place in celebration for the crowning of King Alfonso VIII • It is very popular in Spain with several thousand Spaniards flocking to their local bull-ring each week • It is said that the total number of people watching bullfights in Spain reaches one million every year • The top bullfighter, called the Matador, performs the faena, which is a dance with death to demonstrate his superiority over the bull • One wrong move and the Matador could be impaled on the horns of the bull CORRIDA DE TOROS (BULL FIGHTING)
  • 47. CUISINE • Is influenced by the Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Jews, Moors and Muslim Andulicians • Their traditional pattern is composed of four meals a day plus some snacks: – A light breakfast (desayuno): coffee or chocolate, bread, or churros – Midmorning breakfast: grilled sausages, fried squid, bread with tomato or an omelet – Light snack: tapas – Lunch (comida): soup or salad, fish or meat, and dessert – Tea and pastries (merienda) – Supper: soup or omelets and fruit
  • 48. TAPAS • Finger food, or (tapas) can be anything that is served as a finger food usually in a small bowl • This finger food can be anything from cheese & ham to olives and is usually eaten at the same time as drinking at a tapas bar • The finger food is usually left out on bars and people will nibble away while drinking and socializing at the bar
  • 49. PAELLA • Valencian rice dish • Many non-Spaniards view paella as Spain's national dish, but most Spaniards consider it to be a regional Valencian dish • There are three widely known types of paella: – Valencian paella – Seafood paella – Mixed paella
  • 51. CATALAN CREAM • Most famous dish in Catalonia • Served on Saint Joseph's Day, March 19 and is flavored with lemon or orange zest, and cinnamon. GAZPACHO • Raw vegetable soup made of hard bread, tomato, cucu mber, bell pepper, garlic, olive oil, vinegar of wine, and salt
  • 57. SPANISH ARMED FORCES (FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPAÑOLAS) • Supreme Chief Of Armed Forces (jefe supremo de las fuerzas armadas) : the current Chief of the Defence Staff is General Admiral Fernando Garcia Sanchez • Active Members of NATO, the Eurocorps, and the European Union Battlegroups • Three Main Branches: - Spanish Army - Spanish Navy - Spanish Air force
  • 58. SPANISH ARMY • Oldest and the largest of the three services • Consists of 6 commands: - Central Command - Southern Command - Levante Command - Eastern Pyrenees Command - Northwestern Command - Western Pyrenees Command
  • 59. HISTORY OF SPANISH ARMY • Earlier, the Army was grouped into two basic categories: - The Immediate Intervention Forces -consisted of 3 divisions and 10 brigades -had the missions of defending the Pyrenean and the Gibraltar frontiers and of fulfilling Spain's security commitments abroad - The Territorial Operational Defence Forces -consisted of 2 divisions and 14 brigades -maintaining security in the regional commands and reinforcing the Civil Guard and the police against subversion and terrorism
  • 61. SPANISH LEGION • The Spanish Legion, founded in Spanish Morocco in 1920, has always been under the direct command of the chief of the army staff • It has had a reputation as the toughest combat unit in the service. It had a higher number of career soldiers than other units.
  • 62. SPANISH WARS • Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) : between Spain and UK • Treaty of London: End of English disruption to Spanish shipping and colonial expansion; English Channel opened to Spanish navigation; piracy against the Spanish Atlantic convoys halted. • Spanish–American War (1898) : between Spain and the UK. • Treaty of Paris: Independence of Cuba
  • 64. SPANISH NAVY • One of the oldest active naval forces in the world • Responsible for the discovery of Americas, the first world circumnavigation, and the discovery of a maritime path from the Far East to America across the Pacific Ocean • Was the most powerful maritime force in the world in the 16th and early 17th centuries • After a gradual decline in the second half of the 17th century, it was revived following the Spanish War of Succession and for much of the 18th century, it was the third strongest in the world
  • 65. SPANISH NAVY • Consists of two units: • The Special Operations Unit (Unidad de Operaciones Especiales (UOE)): Trained in maritime counter-terrorism, combat diving and swimming, coastal infiltration, ship boarding, direct action, and special reconnaissance • The Combat Diver Unit (Unidad Especial de Buceadores de Combate (UEBC)): Trained in underwater demolitions and hydrographic
  • 67. SPANISH AIR FORCE • Hot air balloons had been used with military purposes in Spain as far back as 1896 • On 17 December 1913, during the war with Morocco, a Spanish expeditionary squadron became the first organized military air unit to see combat during the first systematic bombing
  • 68. SPANISH AIR FORCE • The present Spanish Air Force was officially established on 7 October 1939 • The Air Regions and their Command centres after the changes became the following: • Combat Air Command (MACOM) located in Madrid • Tactical Air Command (MATAC), Sevilla • Transport Air Command (MATRA), Zaragoza • Canary Islands Air Command (MAQUEN), Las Palmas
  • 70. • Sport in Spain in the second half of 20th century has always been dominated by football • Other popular sport activities include basketball, tennis, cycling, handball, motorcycling, Formula One, water sports, golf, and skiing • Spain has also hosted a number of international events such as the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona and the 1982 FIFA World Cup SPORTS
  • 71. • Rafael Nadal's Wimbledon championships in 2008 and 2010 • The 2006 World Basketball Championship • The 2009 Basketball Eurocup • The 2008 Tennis Davis Cup • Atlético Madrid UEFA Europa League 2010 • FC Barcelona European success in 2006, 2009 and 2011, the football team bringing home the Euro 2008 trophy & the 2010 FIFA World Cup SPORTS
  • 72. • Football is the most popular sport in Spain • La Liga or Primera División (The Spanish League) is considered to be one of the world's best competitions • Successful teams in recent European competitions are FC Barcelona, Real Madrid, Sevilla, Villarreal, Valencia and Atlético Madrid • The Spanish national football team has been successful and has qualified for the FIFA World Cup tournament thirteen times since 1930 • In 2010, Spain defeated the Netherlands in the final to win the tournament for the first time FOOTBALL
  • 73. • The Spanish ACB is one of the major European basketball leagues • Spanish teams such as Real Madrid, FC Barcelona and Joventut Badalona have won international championships such as the Euro League or the Eurocup • The Spanish national basketball team has achieved a high ranked position in the international tournament by winning their first ever gold medal at the 2006 FIBA World Championship BASKETBALL
  • 74. • Spain has produced a number of tennis champions, excelling in tournaments held on clay courts such as the Roland Garros tournament • Rafael Nadal is considered the greatest Spanish tennis player of all time • He has won the French Open four consecutive times • Nadal is the Gold Medalist at 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China • He currently has ten grand slam titles to his name, six French Open titles, two Wimbledon titles, one US Open title and one Australian Open title TENNIS
  • 75. • Spain has hosted three Grand Prix motorcycle racing events. They include the Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix, the Spanish Grand Prix, and the Valencian Community motorcycle Grand Prix • In Formula One, the two world championships of Fernando Alonso have made the sport popular in Spain • Due to this popularity it is currently the only country to host two Grands Prix, the Spanish Grand Prix in Barcelona and the European Grand Prix on the Valencia Street Circuit MOTORSPORTS
  • 76. • Cycling has been an important sport in Spain since the 1940s • The Vuelta a España ("Tour of Spain") is one of the most important cycling events in the world • Golf has become popular among the Spaniards • There are a number of golf courses located in different parts of Spain CYCLING AND GOLF