Bacillus anthracis

BACILLUS ANTHRACIS G.HARIPRASAD M.Sc.,(Med micro), M.phil., Lecturer in Microbiology Department of Microbiology Thoothukudi Govt. Medical College Thoothukudi

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cause of anthrax BACILLUS ANTHRACIS (GRAM STAIN)

Resistance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ANTIGENS ,[object Object],[object Object],Other antigens: Cell wall polysaccharide antigens Somatic protein antigens

1. Polypeptide capsule – antiphagocytic 2. Anthrax toxin Multicomponent anthrax toxin Factor I – Edema factor Factor II – Protective factor Factor III – Lethal factor Toxin binds with susceptible cells through factor II Factor I & III enters the cell Factor I – causes edema by rising cAMP levels. Factor III – Kills the cell finally.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

HUMAN ANTHRAX ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PULMONARY ANTHRAX ,[object Object],[object Object]

INTESTINAL ANTHRAX ,[object Object],[object Object],All clinical conditions lead to septicaemic anthrax if not treated early – Highly fatal!!!

Laboratory diagnosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Gram stain McFadyaen’s reaction Spore stain

SELECTIVE MEDIA – PLET MEDIUM –POLYMYXIN, LYSOZYME, EDTA & THALLOUS ACETATE Culture

Culture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gelatin liquefaction Maximum liquefaction on the surface than at the bottom INVERTED FIR TREE APPEARANCE

Nitrate reduction test Nitrate negative Nitrate positive

TREATMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ANIMAL VACCINE – Sterne vaccine HUMAN VACCINE – Alum Precipitated Toxoid – 3 doses intramuscularly at intervals of 6 weeks and 6 months Booster dose after one year.

Bacillus anthracis

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Bacillus anthracis