it tells u abt the indian agriculture contrasting to its Australian scenario

1. Agriculture Presented By: SaurabhSingh

3. Settled life soon followed with implements and techniques being developed for agriculture.

4. Double monsoonsled to two harvests being reaped in one year.

6. Land and water management systems were developed with an aim of providing uniform growth.

8. Agriculture in India at a glance Agriculture has made rapid strides since independence: From food shortage and import to self-sufficiency and exports. From subsistence farming to intensive and technology led cultivation. Today, India is the front ranking producer of many crops in the world. Ushered in through the green, white, blue and yellow revolutions.

9. India’s competitive advantage Diverse agro climatic conditions Sufficiency of Inputs Reasonable labour costs

10. OUTLINE OF AREA UNDER CULTIVATION Total Geographical Area - 328 million hectares Net Area sown - 142 million hectares Gross Cropped Area - 190.8 million hectares

11. India’s position in world Agriculture Rank Total Area Seventh Irrigated Area First Population Second Economically Active population Second Total Cereals Third Wheat Second Rice Second Coarse grains Fourth Total Pulses First Oil Seeds Second Fruits and Vegetables Second Implements (Tractors) Third Milk First Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes) First

12. Major Crop Production Rice 89.5 million tonnes Wheat 75.6 million tonnes Coarse Cereals 30.5 million tonnes Pulses 13.4 million tonnes Oilseeds 20.9 million tonnes Sugarcane 29.9 million tonnes

14. Major Achievements of Agriculture in India: Largest producer of pulses, tea and milk in the world Second Largest producer of fruits, vegetables, wheat, rice, groundnut and sugarcane.

15. India’s Agricultural Export Potentials Marine Products Rice Wheat Condiments and Spices Cashew Tea and Coffee Castor Jute Fruits and Vegetables- Onions, Mango, Grapes, Banana, Tomato, Potato, Lichi

16. Harvesting Season There are three main crop seasons, namely, kharif, rabi and summer. Major kharifcrops are rice, jowar, bajra, maize, cotton, sugarcane, soya bean and groundnut. Major rabi crops are wheat, barley, gram, linseed, rapeseed and mustard. Rice, maize and groundnut are grown in summer season also.

17. INSIGHTS INTO THE INDIAN AGRICULTURE Number of cows globally: 1.5 billion Number of cows in India: 200 million Milk production 2001-2002: 84.6 million tonnes People who are farmers: almost 550 million Number of agricultural labourers: about 200 million (many with daily wages below 10 Rs per day) Cultivation which is rain-dependent: nearly 60 percent Interest rates charged by "moneylenders" and local "businessmen" for a small agricultural loan:100 to 450 % Government spending for the agricultural sector: 8 percent of the annual budget Total of arable land which is not irrigated: nearly 63 percent. Bank credit allocated for agriculture: 12% of total bank credit in India. Disparity in average income between farmers and non-farmers: 5 times (non-farmers earn 5 times more than farmers).

18. Contd.. Production of fruit and vegetables by India: 14% of world wide production India's export of fruit and vegetables: 1 % of world's fruit/veg exports India has the largest area in the world under pulse crops India is the first in the world to evolve a cotton hybrid. India has the world's highest percentage of arable land to the total geographical area, in the world. About 50% of India's geographical area is used for agricultural activity. About 80 percent of India's farmland is used to grow India's main foods--grains and pulses, the seeds of various pod vegetables, such as beans, chickpeas, and pigeon peas. India has the world's largest cattle and buffalo population. Dairy accounts for nearly 26% of the total value of agricultural output. India grows more than half of the world's mangoes and leads all countries in the production of cashews, millet, peanuts, pulses, sesame seeds, and tea. The nation ranks second in the production of cauliflowers, jute, onions, rice, sorghum, and sugar cane.

19. Contd.. India is a major producer of apples, bananas, coconuts, coffee, cotton, eggplants, oranges, potatoes, rapeseeds, rubber, tobacco, and wheat. India is also the world's largest grower of betel nuts, which are palm nuts chewed as a stimulant by many people in tropical Asia. It is also a leading producer of such spices as cardamom, ginger, pepper, and turmeric. In terms of gross fertilizer consumption, India ranks fourth in the world, after the USA, the erstwhile USSR and China. Agriculture provides livelihood to about 65% of India's labour force Agriculture accounts for about 10% of India's exports.

21. Rice

22. Wheat

23. Condiments and Spices

24. Cashew

25. Tea

26. Coffee

27. Castor

28. Jute

30. MAJOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS Australia produces a large variety of primary products for both export and domestic consumption. Cereals, oilseedsand grain legumes are produced on a large scale in Australia for human consumption and livestock feed. Wheat is the cereal with the greatest production in terms of area and value to the Australian economy. Australia produces a wide variety of fruit, nuts and vegetables. The largest crops include oranges, apples, bananas, chestnuts,potatoes, carrotsand tomatoes. Australia is one of the few countries that produces licit opium for pharmaceuticals. The horticulture industry has traditionally provided Australians with all their fresh fruit and vegetables needs, with a smaller export industry

33. Some facts:- There are 154,472 farms in Australia - including those for whom farming is not their primary business. However, there are 137,969 farms solely dedicated to agricultural production. Australian farms and their closely related sectors generate $103 billion-a-year in production - underpinning 12% of GDP. Over the last 30 recorded years , Australian farms have consistently achieved average multifactor productivity growth of 2.8%-a-year - no other industry, with the sole exception of telecommunications and information technology, comes close to this achievement. The gross value of Australian farm production totals $35.6 billion-a-year. The top two agricultural commodities produced nationally are milk and wheat. Australian farmers produce 93% of Australia's domestic food supply. Food imports contribute 7.5% of the total value of Australian retail food sales.

34. Australia’s major agricultural export markets

35. Issues In Indian Agriculture Agricultural sector contribute 17% of the GDP of India. About 25% of the total population are farmers. Agriculture and related jobs contributes to 60% of population. The major issues are drought, floods, poor technology, insufficient government policies.

37. Causes to drought are deficiency in rainfall,Over farming, Deforestation, Excessive irrigation, Erosion.

38. Consequences may be of social & economic.

42. Tapping river water and building canals for diverting such water to deficit areas, this will also help to tackle the recurring problem of floods. Damming of major rivers and creating reservoir capacity.

43. Both the Central and the State govts have to open ideas such as artificial rain through cloud seeding and desalination of seawater.

44. More government measures need to be taken to promote agriculture as well as provide employment to rural population such as NREGP.

46. Budgetary Allocation Contd… Agricultural sector gives over 45% of employment in rural India. As machine entered the farm fields, employment rate starts decreasing. Increase agricultural GDP growth rate to 4% per year to ensure a broader spread of benefits. Target for agriculture credit flow set at Rs.3,25,000 crores for the year 2009-10. In 2008-09 agriculture credit flow was at Rs.2,87,000 crores.

47. Government Schemes Interest subvention scheme for short term crop loans up to Rs.3 lakhs per farmer. Additionally 411 crores are allocated in budget. Debt relief schemes- extending the repayment date. Allocation under Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) increased by 75 percent over B.E. 2008-09. Fertilizers,crops are provided to the farmers at the subsidized rate.

48. Other Schemes Land Tax has been reduced to remove tax burden on Employees. Tax paid is just Rs.5 per acre. Subsidies up from Rs.71,431 crore in B.E. 2008-09 to Rs.1,11,276 crore in B.E.2009-10. agricultural sector contributes 12.2% of the national exports. The growth rate in 2008-09 is 1.9 %

49. Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Development Biotechnology Pre & post harvesting technology Energy saving technology Environment protection technology Information and Communication technology GIS & RS technology Internet/Intranet Technology

51. Take care of her today…So that she can take care of you tomorrow….