ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
Art and Craft of West bengal
1.
2. Area : 87,853 sq. km
Capital : Calcutta
Population : 67,982, 732 (1991)
Languages : Bengali
Literacy : 57.72% (1991)
Roads : 57,539 kms
Railways : 3,800 kms
No. of Districts : 17
No. of Bank Branches : 3,990 Major
Ports : Calcutta
Airports : Calcutta, Bagdogra
3. West Bengal is strategically placed with three international
frontiers - Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan.
A hinge between the bulk of Indian territory and the north-east
of the country, West Bengal is located at 21°31' and 27°14' North
Latitude at the head of the Bay of Bengal and 86°35' and 89°53'
East Longitude, with the Tropic of Cancer running through it.
The great Himalayas start a distance of only 300 miles from the
Bay of Bengal and the coastal tropical rain forest, Sundarbans
Physiographic
The entire Bengal basin is that part of the great Indian shield,
which approximately to the east of longitude 87°E, disappears
under alluvium.
It consists of high peaks of Himalaya in the northern extremes to
coastal regions down south, with regions like plateau, Ganges
delta etc superseding in between.
It may be attractive to note that West Bengal is only state in India
where Himalayas are in the north and Sea is at the south, with
both Plaines and plateau are covering the remaining region.
4. West Bengal has a tropical climate.
The plains are hot except during the short winter season.
The mountainous region in the north is cold. On account of its height
but there humidity is high.
The standard tradition speaks of six seasons-Spring, Summer, the rainy,
Autumn, mild Winter and severe Winter.
Only four evidently marked seasons with a brief interregnum of spring
are observed, namely the hot season, the rainy season, the post
monsoon season corresponding to autumn and the cold season. The hot
season lasts from mid-March to mid-June,
The monsoon arrives by a middle of June. This is called the Chhota
monsoon which breaks the hot spell of summer.
The monsoon rains in west Bengal are caused solely by the current of
wind from the Bay of Bengal.
A welcome change in the weather begins to be specifically felt towards
the end of September.
Autumn in West Bengal is the period for festivity in the fields the golden
grain of paddy starts ripening and is harvested towards the end of the
season.
5. The economy of this state relies on the industrial growth
of the following sectors: petrochemicals, electronics and
Information Technology, iron & steel, textiles, leather,
edible oils, aquaculture, medicinal plants, rubber, palm oil,
tea, chemicals and pharmaceuticals and mineral based
industry. Besides, the cottage industries of handicrafts and
handloom products also contribute substantially to the
state gross domestic product.
Rice grown in the paddy fields of the lowlands remains
West Bengal's most important cash crop and tea is a close
second. Most multinational companies have left Bengal
because of the excessive trade unionism. Work remains
undone, strikes are on and the companies suffer great
losses. However the state government has lately made
major strides in stabilizing the labour situation and invite
outside investment in the private and public sectors.
6. Bengali : Bangla ( Baņla) is an Indo-Aryan language of South Asia that
evolved as a successor to Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit. Bengali is the
English word for the name of the language and for its speakers; in
Bengali, the language itself is called Bangla (pronounced: IPA: ['baŋla]), a
term that now has greater currency in English. From this point forward,
Bangla will be used to refer to the language.
With more than 200 million native speakers, it is the fourth or fifth most
widely spoken language in the world (after Mandarin, Spanish, English
and Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu).
It is also the fourth most spoken language in terms of native speakers .
Bangla is the second most commonly spoken language in India (after
Hindi)
As a result of the Bengal renaissance in the 19th and 20th centuries,
much of India's most famous literature, poetry, and lyrics are in Bangla;
the works of Rabindranath Tagore (the first Asian to be awarded a Nobel
Prize), for example, are in Bangla.
Many of the reformist religious, philosophical, and political movements
that began in that era were led by Bengalis.
7. Hinduism is practiced by the majority of the
people and Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Jains
and Buddhists make up the rest.
8. Bengali food consists
of a lot of fish, lentils
and ric
Sandesh
Panch poran-Whole
cumin seeds
Whole black mustard
seeds
Whole fennel seeds
Whole kalonji seeds
Whole fenugreek seeds
Bengali Fish Curry
Bengali Dhal
9.
10. Start of winter
coincides with
Durga Puja in
October, the most
important festival in
Bengal.
According to Hindu
mythology, all gods
and goddesses of
thee Hindu
pantheon endowed
Durga
11. All over the Western
part of the state, a
festival is held in the
honor of the serpent-
deity Manasa on the
previous day of the
Bengali month
Sravana (mid-August).
But the most stunning
is the one held at
Vishnupur in the
district of Bankura,
with its shows of live
snakes on open
platforms.
12. Kali Puja is primarily a
Bengali festival, held in
accordance to the lunar
calendar around the first
week of November.
The Goddess Kali is
worshipped at night on one
night during this festival.
Kali Puja is light-up night
for Kolkata, corresponding
to the North Indian festival
of Diwali (pronounced
Dipabali in Bengali), where
people light candles in
memory of the souls of
departed ancestors.
This is also a night of
fireworks, with burning
sparklers and crackers
throughout the night.
13.
14. A Departmental
Museum under the
Indian Council of
Agricultural Research
displays various
facets of the jute and
allied fabrics, charts
showing chemical
properties , structure
and machining of the
fiber, also decorative,
industrial and
household products
resulting from jute.
15. Gurusaday Museum is
located 15 km. from the
BBD Bagh on Diamond
Harbor Road.
The museum has a
collection of over 2,000
items, a rich set of the
folk arts and crafts on
undivided Bengal.
Its highlights are the
Kalighat pats, Jorano pats
(scroll paintings) and
beautiful kantha quilts, a
thrift needlecraft of rural
Bengal, wood carvings
and terra-cotta panels.
16. Crafts Museum was
recognized in 1950.
(Formerly of the Indian
Institute of Art in Industry).
Collections include rural
arts and crafts of diverse
regions of India including
ivories, metal objects and
textiles from West Bengal,
Assam, Tripura,
Maharashtra, U.P, Haryana,
Rajasthan, Gujarat,
Karnataka and TamilNadu.
Maintains a good library and
pictorial records.
17. Bangiya Sahita
Parishad Chitrasala
was established
1910.
Collections include
valuable mediaeval
stone and metal
sculptures,
manuscripts, letters
of famous Bengali
author, art and
archaeology objects
depicting the past
and culture of
Bengal.
18. •On display are basalt sculptures
from Pala and Sena periods with
us distinctive blend of Hindu and
and buddhist styles, as also
sculpted clay panels from
temples of the Vishnupur region.
•There are also interesting
collections of patachitras, or
painted scrolls from Bengal,
playing cards, palm leaf
manuscripts, ritual objects, toys
and dolls.
•The textiles include
embroidered Kanthas, the
patchwork and quilting textile
technique, and saris from
Baluchar with their quaint
figurative designs.
19.
20. These drawings are
related to ancient
magic cults. These
drawings are also
used for decorative
purpose, in the
modern times.
Alpana is a ritualistic
drawing made on the
floor during a festive
or religious occasion.
This custom is
practiced by the
women of West
Bengal.
21.
22. In West Bengal, Chikankari
is an embroidery work
which is practiced.
It is done by using white
cotton thread on fine
white muslin. fabric.
A variety of silk, called
moga, is used for outlining
the embroidered portions
to create an enhanced
effect.
The designs of Chikankari
Embroidery are very
delicate
23.
24. Dhokra Craft indicates
variety of beautifully shaped
and decorated brassware
products created by the lost
wax process.
Dhokras indicate group of
nomadic craftsmen who use
lost-wax process to cast
hollow brass objects and
images.
Dhokra Craft is the method
of non-ferrous metal
casting.
The technique of Dhokra is
"Cire Perdue" or lost wax
process in which metal,
mainly brass, scrap is used.
25.
26. In India, these craftsmen
are clustered in the states
of Madhya Pradesh, Bihar,
Orissa and West Bengal
The Dhokra craftsmen
went from tribe to tribe
making their ceremonial
and religious figures,
ornaments and
kitchenware. Dhokra group
of tribal craftsmen give us
a timeless heritage of
beautifully shaped and
ornamented products of
cast metals.
27. These are used by
children and for
decorative purposes and
made with small cloth,
cotton & wool.
Root from a Japanese
influence, this craft has
lately gained immense
popularity in Bengal.
These dolls are known
as RAG DOLLS.
Clay Dolls are also made
in Bengal. These dolls
are unique in their
realism and have the
quality in their finish.
28.
29. Today, Bengal is a major
producer of jute goods ranging
from pllush jute-blended
carpets, to decorative
tapestries, garden pot
hangings, decorative hand
bags, bedspreads etc.
In ancient times Jute as a fabric
was much popular.
In West Dinajpur, the process
of colouring, weaving of jute
on single looms goes on.
Jute, the ‘golden fibre’ has
traditionally been braided by
women of Bengal, often for
domestic storage
30.
31. In various colors such as red,
orange, brown, black and cream,
Handmade pottery mainly
consisted of different types of
bowls, jars, vessels, etc.
Hand-modeled Pottery is mainly
a woman's art in West Bengal.
Variety of dolls and toys are
made by Women of Patua caste.
Hand-modeled pottery is made
exclusively by women in
Bishnupur, Murshidabad and
some other places in Midnapore.
32.
33. Wood Carvings
In West Bengal,
Wood is widely used
for making toys and
decorative panels.
Image made in
wood relate back to
traditional icons,
deities some of
them stylised to a
modern look.
34. Sandalwood is of great
religious significance
and one of the oldest
fragrances known to
man.
Sandal wood is of two
types one is srigandha
which is close grained
and yellowish-brown in
color and used for
carving.
Second is nagagandha
which is darkish-brown
in color and from which
oil is extracted.
35. •In Bengal, masks actually
represent the theatrical
tradition are used by the Chhou
dancers of Purulia and those
who perform the Gambhira
dances of Malda.
•The masks generally made
here are of mythological
character.
• The material used is paper
mache painted in bright
colours.
•Today Masks are more popular
as items of interior decoration.
36.
37. In India,
International
Textiles &
Garment Fair is
the first one-
stop opportunity
for textile
professionals
and exporters
to discover what
West Bengal
has to offer.
38. In Bishnupur,(West Bengal)
Dhoop Chhaon Saree is a
famous textile product.
‘Dhoop Chhaon’ literally
means ‘double shade,’ which
refers to the apparent
difference in color when seen
from different angles or lights.
The borders of the saree
contain patterns of small
yellow flowers.
This saree is woven from silk.
39. Tangail Saree contains tiny
repeating patterns, giving the
feel of an embroidery work.
Borders of this saree are
adorned with designs depicting
temples and the patterns seen
on the ‘rudraksha’.
The silk saree features dark
shades and is mostly preferred
during special occasions.
40. The Bengali Tussar
Embroidery Sarees are
specially handspun to
contain a crisp pebbly
texture on the surface.
These sarees are not
artificially colored.
The embroidery is done
using a particular stitch
called the kantha, which
is a kind of running
stitch.
41. The Tussar brocade
sarees feature heavy
ornamental designs.
The ‘pallu‘ (falling edge
of the saree) features
complex jacquard
designs.
The fibers are of fine
nature, colored in dyes
extracted from natural
materials used in this
saree .
This saree is light and
comfortable to wear.
42. Tant sarees come in a
wide range of styles and
colors.
They feature broad silk-
embroidered borders.
Their ‘pallu’ (falling edge
of the saree) is
embellished with
delicate embroidery.
They are ideal as a
casual wear.
43. The word ‘nilambari’
literally means blue
sky referring to the
saree's deep navy-
blue color.
The ‘pallu’ (the
falling edge of the
saree) is decorated
with stripes of
varying thickness.
44. Jamdani was primarily a
dress material for women
and men but in
contemporary lifestyle we
find them in the form of
saris with a great variety
of patterns donned with
geometrical motifs
designed on simple
frame or pit looms.
During the weaving
process a paper pattern
is kept beneath which
acts as a trace to set up
the design onto the sari.
Generally two weavers
weave the jamdani sari.
45. Jamdanis are
mostly woven in
lightly dyed
backgrounds with
designs in white,
maroon, black,
green, gold, silver
and in muga silk of
a golden colour.
