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- 1. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL The so'ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects www.SDART.co.uk www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 2. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Plan of presenta:on § IntroducEon § So4ware project management § So4ware design § AI implementaEon § Examples of AI so4ware www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 3. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Introduc:on www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 4. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Ar:ficial Intelligence From the so4ware perspecEve: § Ar:ficial intelligence = research = high risk Therefore dealing with AI in so4ware project we must be very careful and select the proper methods, technologies and tools. www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 5. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Project success Budget Success Quality Time www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 6. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Research oriented so'ware § Time and budget aren’t usually fixed – it is possible to extend the research § Resources are flexible § People mainly have the personal interests (fame, dissertaEons, publicaEons …) § Quality (funcEonality) is the main concern www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 7. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Product oriented so'ware § Time and budget are usually fixed § Quality is adjusted to the available budget and schedule § People mainly have the business interests § Resources aren’t flexible www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 8. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL AI & so'ware in projects Struggle AI So4ware AI So4ware Proper management www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 9. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL This tutorial Reasons to propose this tutorial: • There exist the so4ware projects without AI but I’m not sure if there exist AI projects without the so4ware (embedded count too!) … • The knowledge about the so4ware management is unpopular among AI researchers • At SDART we deal with the AI-‐oriented so4ware projects www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 10. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL This tutorial • Will: • present a selecEon of the popular techniques and methods for so4ware development • evaluate them from AI perspecEve • propose what could be used § Will not: • say what have to be used • be a guide ready to be applied step-‐by-‐step www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 11. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware project management www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 12. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL AI & so' – PM nightmare § In the project management two types of projects are the symbols of unpredictability: § Research projects § …. so4ware projects § What could we do dealing with an AI-‐oriented so4ware projects? Professionally manage them! www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 13. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware development schema Planning Deployment & Analysis manitenance Implementa:on Design & coding www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 14. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL DM management § Data mining management seems to be more organised than AI § There are different models of DM organisaEon: § CRISP-‐DM § SEMMA § DMAIC/DMADV www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 15. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL CRISP-‐DM Business understanding Data understanding Data preparaEon Modeling EvaluaEon Deployment www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 16. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL SEMMA Search Explore Modify Model Assess www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 17. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL DMAIC&DMADV Define Define Measure Measure Analyse Analyse Improve Design Control Verify www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 18. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Management model § Can’t we use any DM model to properly manage the AI&so4ware projects? Yes we could …. only if the so4ware does not consEtute any significant part of the project. Meanwhile … § AI projects require so4ware to research § These projects require so4ware to use AI www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 19. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Common risk sources • Unskilled • Bugs • Leave team • Increased demands People Technology Scope & Budget Schedule • Unavailable • Too • Too low opEmisEc • Forgot tasks www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 20. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Risk strategies § Avoidance § RetenEon § Sharing § ReducEon www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 21. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware quality There are many so4ware quality factors, among Efficiency them: Usability Security Maintability Quality Consistency Reliability Testability www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 22. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware quality These factors could be divided into 2 groups relaEng to: • users • developers So'ware = binaries + code + documenta:on www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 23. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware quality If an applicaEon is a product users perceive only its „front” parts: • GUI • Errors • DocumentaEon www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 24. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware metrics § Tom DeMarco said „You can’t control what you can’t measure” § So4ware metrics measure some properEes of a so4ware or its specificaEon e.g. complexity, quality, efficiency or size www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 25. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware es:ma:on EsEmaEon Analogy WBS Size-‐based Group Parametric CombinaEon § EsEmaEon problem Known that I think I’ve unknown • Easy • Very hard forgonen • Hard Unknown Known that unknow something, but what was it??? www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 26. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Methodology & Life cycle § So4ware methodology defines the structure, plan and management of developed so4ware § Methodology contains development philosophy and tools, methods and models supporEng the process § Life cycle model defines the phases and acEviEes www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 27. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC– staged delivery Requirements Design Implementation Verification Maintenance www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 28. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC -‐ spiral Spiral model – Boehm 1988 www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 29. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC – staged delivery Conception Analysis Desing Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage n www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 30. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC – design to schedule Conception Analysis Desing Stage 1 Software Stage 2 release Time? Costs? Stage n www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 31. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC -‐ Agile The Agile development is based on the iteraEve model Ini:al planning Requirements Analysis and design Planning Implementa:on Tes:ng Evalua:on Deployment www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 32. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC -‐ XP Extreme programming is an Agile implementaEon: § Programming in pairs § Extensive code review § Avoids the programming required in the future § Automated tasks § Nothing is fixed i.e. everything could be redone www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 33. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC -‐ SCRUM § Project is being developed by Pigs & Chickens § Pig is commined to the project i.e. ScrumMaster, Team, ProductOwner § Chicken is involved i.e.: Stakeholder, Manager www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 34. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC -‐ SCRUM The essenEal part of Scrum are the meeEngs: § Daily Scrum – short Eme (approx. 15 minutes), daily report, all people take part § Scrum of scrums – daily meeEng, a4er daily scrum, limited audience § Sprint Planning Mee:ng – begins each sprint cycle & Retrospec:ve – end each sprint cycle www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 35. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC – Unified Process § Is an iteraEve so4ware development framework IncepEon ElaboraEon ConstrucEon TransiEon Architecture IteraEve centric Use Case Risk focused Driven UP ObjecEves www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 36. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC – UP versions Use components § RaEonal Unifed Process Model visually § Agile Unified Process Manage requirements § Open Unified Process RUP Six best pracEces Verify quality § Enterprise Unified Process Develop iteraEvely Control changes www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 37. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC– selec:on The factors that influences life cycle selecEon are: § Size of project § Understood requirements § Desired reliability § Allowed overheads § Progress visibility § SophisEcated management § Allowed correcEons www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 38. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL M&LC -‐ summary § Waterfall is sEll the most frequently used model by the biggest so4ware companies § But they do it preparing „yet another version of X” § AI projects are usually new for you as well as for everyone else, so do not expect it to be as easy as so4ware menEoned above www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 39. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Collabora:on Member Member Member Leader Member Member Leader Member Member Member Homogeneous research team Heterogeneous so4ware team www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 40. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Project controlling Project controlling requires clear definiEon of the responsibiliEes: § Who, what, whom and when § Needs reports, working documents, communicates, standards, plans or charts www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 41. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL So'ware design www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 42. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Architecture § Architecture is a high level planning for the so4ware that does not involve any funcEonal decisions Requriements Architecture Design Code www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 43. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Views The views are perspecEves that are used to represent different aspect of the system: § Code/module view § Concurrency/process/thread view § Data view § Development/structural view § FuncEonal/logic view § Physical/deployment view § User acEon/feedback view www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 44. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Frameworks So4ware architecture is defined by various frameworks defining its necessary elements: § 4+1 § RM-‐ODP § DODAF § SOMF § … www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 45. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Frameworks -‐ 4+1 Process view Development Logical view view 4+1 Scenarios Physical view www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 46. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Design concepts § AbstracEon & refinement – generalisaEon § Modularity § Hierarchy § InformaEon & funcEonality enclosure § Structural parEEoning – verEcal & horizontal www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 47. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL UML Unified Modeling Language: § Object oriented § Unified Booch, OOSE, OMT modelling methods § Currently in 2.2 version – the most of so4ware supports 2.0 www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 48. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL UML Diagrams UML Structure Behaviour Composite State Class Component Structure Package Object Deployment InteracEon Use Case AcEvity Machine Communica InteracEon Sequence Eon overview Timing www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 49. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL UML Advantages UML became an industry standard due to: § VisualisaEon § DocumenEng § Specifying § ConstrucEng www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 50. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL UML Tools § Papyrus – hnp://www.papyrusuml.org § Poseidon for UML -‐ hnp://www.gentleware.com § Visual Paradigm for UML -‐ hnp://www.visual-‐ paradigm.com § Umbrello UML Modeller – hnp://uml.sourceforge.net § StarUML – hnp://staruml.sourceforge.net www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 51. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Suppor:ng tools § Let’s take a look at the supporEng tools § If something could be done simpler and at least with the same quality § Use them and forget the Eme-‐consuming repeEve tasks and focus on the difficult ones www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 52. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Version controlling § How to avoid the mess dealing with the different versions of files in projects? § The source code is constantly changing … § The AI files too … www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 53. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Version controlling Version controlling allows the development team to manage different versions of so4ware. They keep track of work and allow the team to look at the project’s past. There are 3 kinds of version controlling systems: § Local § Distributed § Client-‐server www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 54. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Version controlling – local systems § Revision Control System § Source Conde Control System § MKS Implementer § History Explorer PC Rep www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 55. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Version controlling -‐ distributed § DCVS (Distributed CVS) § Monotone PC Rep § GNU arch § PlasEc SCM PC Rep § BitKeeper § TeamWare PC Rep www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 56. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Version controlling – client/server § CVS Client § SVN § Codendi Server Rep Client § ClearCase Client § Visual SourceSafe § Autodesk Valut www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 57. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Suppor:ng tools & technologies 1 • Compilation 2 • Binaries packaging 3 • Testing 4 • Deployment 5 • Documenting www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 58. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated builds -‐ advantages § Efficiency increase § Development process simplificaEon § Increased so4ware quality § Reduced costs § False version removal § ReducEon of the development team or task relocaEon § Project archiving www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 59. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated builds The automated build tools include: § make Scheduled § Maven § Ant On-‐demand Triggered § MSBuild § Cmake Build § and many others www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 60. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated tes:ng -‐ make An example of makefile taken from QT library. PNGMAK=scripts/makefile.linux all: cd zlib; ./configure; make cd libpng; make -f $(PNGMAK) clean: -cd zlib; make clean -cd libpng; make -f $(PNGMAK) clean www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 61. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated tes:ng -‐ Ant <project name="MyProject" default="dist" basedir="."> <description>simple example build file</description> <!-- set global properties for this build --> <property name="src" location="src"/> <property name="build" location="build"/> <property name="dist" location="dist"/> <target name="init"> <!-- Create the time stamp --> <tstamp/> <!-- Create the build directory structure used by compile --> <mkdir dir="${build}"/> </target> <target name="compile" depends="init” description="compile the source " > <!-- Compile the java code from ${src} into ${build} --> <javac srcdir="${src}" destdir="${build}"/> </target> <target name="dist" depends="compile” description="generate the distribution" > <!-- Create the distribution directory --> <mkdir dir="${dist}/lib"/> <!-- Put everything in ${build} into the MyProject-${DSTAMP}.jar file --> <jar jarfile="${dist}/lib/MyProject-${DSTAMP}.jar" basedir="${build}"/> </target> <target name="clean” description="clean up" > <!-- Delete the ${build} and ${dist} directory trees --> <delete dir="${build}"/> <delete dir="${dist}"/> </target> </project> www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 62. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated tes:ng -‐ Maven <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" mlns:xsi="http:// www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http:// maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId> <artifactId>my-app</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>Maven Quick Start Archetype</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project> www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 63. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated tes:ng -‐ unit Data The most popular unit tesEng tool is xUnit available in many versions for all popular languages Data Data Data Data vs Test ABCD Test A Test B Test C Test D www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 64. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Automated tes:ng -‐ system A u t o m a t e d G U I t e s t s Machnie Scope of does not tests perceive the applicaEon as get borred a black-‐box and test it from Speed of Reliability testing of tests the user’s perspecEve. www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 65. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Code documen:ng § AutomaEc API documentaEon tools: Doc Code Doc Code § JavaDoc § DoxyGen Manual AutomaEc documentaEon documentaEon § RoboDoc § … www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 66. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Bug tracking Issue/Bug Tracking Systems usage leads to: § Bener quality control § Gaining users’ feedback § Bener resource allocaEon § Increased users’ comfort § Bener informaEon flow § Feature request available www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 67. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Bug tracking – bug categories CriEcal High Medium Low CosmeEc www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 68. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Bug tracking § Bugzilla § Flyspray § ManEs § Trac § Redmine www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 69. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Bug tracking Design and implementation Ideas Testing Bugs Deployment Bugs and requests Usage Buga and requests www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 70. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL AI implementa:on www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 71. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Implementa:on § Transforms the design (plan) into the code § Problems: § Technology § Programming language www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 72. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Levels of programming languages Logical programming Levels of programming languages Specialised programming General (high level) programming Assembler programming Machine programming www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 73. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL 1st genera:on § The code lines are equal to the processor instrucEons – one to one § Machine code www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 74. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL 2nd genera:on § Symbolic representaEon of processor’s instrucEons § Assembler language www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 75. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL 3rd genera:on § InstrucEons represent the basic operaEons § Oriented on programmer § Most popular generaEon www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 76. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL 4th genera:on § Specialised languages oriented on advanced operaEons § RAD tools are 4GL build over 3GL disp('Hello, world!') (Hello, world!n) print www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 77. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL 5th genera:on § Represent not algorithms but desired outcome § Logical programming § Programming for non-‐programmers Prolog (write-line "Hello, world!") :- write('Hello, world!'),nl. www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 78. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Hybrid programming – embedding Hybrid programming (embedding languages) could be synergic but: § Increases the technological risk § Increases the demand on skilled developers § Blurs the project www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 79. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming paradigms § Paradigm is a fundamental style of computer programming and defines the concept of programming language § The most of programming languages support various paradigms (different approaches to problem) www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 80. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming paradigms The most popular paradigms are: § Agent-‐oriented § DeclaraEve § Event-‐driven § ImperaEve § Metaprogramming www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 81. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Desktop applica:ons § C/C++ § Java § C# § Python www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 82. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Web services – server side § Java EE § PHP § Python § Ruby § Perl § .NET § CGI (every language that could be run by server) www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 83. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Web services -‐ RIAs § Flash § AJAX § Java SE § JavaFX § FLEX § OpenLaszlo § Silverlight www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 84. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Mobile applica:ons § Java ME § C++ § ObjecEve-‐C www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 85. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Languages popularity Posi:on Posi:on Programming Ra:ngs Delta Status Apr 2010 Apr 2009 Language Apr 2010 Apr 2009 1 2 C 18.058% +2.59% A 2 1 Java 18.051% -‐1.29% A 3 3 C++ 9.707% -‐1.03% A 4 4 PHP 9.662% -‐0.23% A 5 5 (Visual) Basic 6.392% -‐2.70% A 6 7 C# 4.435% +0.38% A 7 6 Python 4.205% -‐1.88% A 8 9 Perl 3.553% +0.09% A 9 11 Delphi 2.715% +0.44% A 10 8 JavaScript 2.469% -‐1.21% A 11 42 ObjecEve-‐C 2.288% +2.15% A 12 10 Ruby 2.221% -‐0.35% A 13 14 SAS 0.717% -‐0.07% A 14 12 PL/SQL 0.710% -‐0.38% A 15 -‐ Go 0.710% +0.71% A 16 15 Pascal 0.648% -‐0.07% B 17 17 ABAP 0.625% -‐0.03% B 18 20 MATLAB 0.616% +0.13% B 19 22 AcEonScript 0.545% +0.09% B 20 19 Lua 0.521% +0.03% B hnp://www.Eobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 86. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Characteris:cs -‐ domain § Specialised – good at something but below average on other things § General purpose – no specific domain and a compromise on all tasks www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 87. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Characteris:cs -‐ speed § Compiled faster § Interpreted slower But: § Compiled start-‐up slower § Interpreted start-‐up faster (write-‐run-‐test cycle) JIT compilers for interpreted languages www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 88. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Characteris:cs -‐ portability So4ware could be portable on two levels: § Source code § Binary code Portability does not relate only to the programming language but also to used libraries www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 89. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Characteris:cs -‐ prototyping Ability to verify the assumpEon: § Dynamic language § Simple syntax § Efficiency isn’t a main concern § Checks if the idea works www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 90. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Characteris:cs – target pla`orm Target plazorm: § PC § Mobile § Web www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 91. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Computer languages … C/C++ (C)Lisp Matlab Clips Scilab Prolog RIA Java Ruby Python Others PHP Scientific perspective Programming perspective www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 92. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Why use a specialised languages § Popular in the research community § Specialized languages § Many libraries/toolkits and examples are available www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 93. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Why not use them § Specialised not universal § High price § Simple or no GUI § No networking § Research not producEon languges www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 94. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Important programming features Dynamic languages: § Do not care about types of data § Focus on the algorithms § But reject a full data control www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 95. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Important programming features Prototyping: § Checks algorithms § Easily visualise data or make GUI § Speed is measured as the Eme of coding not running www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 96. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Important programming features ScienEfic libraries: § How o4en do we construct new algorithms (Charlie Eppes Syndrome – NUMB3RS)? § The applicaEon is more like a large panel building than brick building – applies to the AI problems as well as to the „ordinary” so4 www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 97. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Important programming features Visual design (graphical programming): § GUI could be constructed using components § Link the components visually § Evaluate applicaEon faster Core Core GUI GUI www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 98. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL More important part of AI so'ware An Knowledge Intelligent Models Rules Mechanism Graphs www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 99. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Hybrid so'ware development Research Development ??? Product Technology X Idea Replanning Technology X ?? & redesign Technology Y ?? www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 100. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming libraries – C/C++ § MLC++ hnp://www.sgi.com/tech/mlc/ § FANN hnp://leenissen.dk/fann/ § Waffles hnp://waffles.sourceforge.net/ § OpenCV ML hnp://opencv.willowgarage.com/documentaEon/cpp/ ml._machine_learning.html § dlib C++ hnp://dlib.net/ § VFML hnp://www.cs.washington.edu/dm/vfml/ www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 101. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming libraries – Java § Java-‐ML hnp://java-‐ml.sourceforge.net/ § Weka Engine hnp://www.cs.waikato.ac.nz/ml/ weka/ § MLJ hnp://sourceforge.net/projects/mldev/ § MALLET hnp://mallet.cs.umass.edu/ § LIBSVM hnp://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/libsvm/ www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 102. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming libraries – C# § Infer.NET hnp://research.microso4.com/en-‐us/um/cambridge/ projects/infernet/ § AForge.NET hnp://code.google.com/p/aforge/ § C# Neural Network Library hnp://franck.fleurey.free.fr/ NeuralNetwork/ § NeuronDotNet hnp://neurondotnet.freehosEa.com/ § NeuroBox Neural Network Library hnp://www.cdrnet.net/ projects/neuro/ www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 103. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming libraries – Python § Orange engine hnp://www.ailab.si/orange/ § PyML hnp://pyml.sourceforge.net/ § MDP hnp://mdp-‐toolkit.sourceforge.net/ § PyBrain hnp://www.pybrain.org/ § LIBSVM hnp://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/libsvm/ www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 104. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Programming libraries – PHP § FANN PHP Extension hnp:// fann.sourceforge.net/fann.html § Tremani Neural Network hnp://www.tremani.nl/ open-‐source/neural-‐network/ § ANN hnp://ann.thwien.de/index.php/Main_Page www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 105. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Example I – Java § A simple data mining task § Uses Java-‐ML library www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 106. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Example II – Python § AdapEve filtering algorithm § Use as a web service (server part) § Use mod_python on Apache www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 107. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Example III – Flex § ParEcle Swarm OpEmisaEon example § RIA applicaEon § Uses a standard Flex without any addiEonal libraries www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects
- 108. SETN 2010 -‐ TUTORIAL Thank you. Any ques:ons? www. .co.uk The so4ware management and engineering in the AI-‐oriented projects