-

1. Francisco Perez
National Director
University of Illinois at Chicago
School of Public Health
September 16, 2015

2. In many US
cities,
HOMICIDE is
the LEADING
CAUSE OF
DEATH

3. Moralism
Bad people
SCIENCE
HEALTH PROBLEM
& SOLUTION

4. Violence is Contagious

5. Health Approach
1. Violence behaves like a
contagious disease
(epidemic)
2. Treating violence like an
epidemic gets results in
communities

6. The
Contagion
of
Violence

7. VIOLENCE
Epidemic waves
Clustering
Transmission
AS A
CONTAGION
Population
characteristics

8. Violence Has Characteristics of Epidemics
1. Violence clusters - like a disease
Cholera Violence
2. Violence spreads - like a disease
Influenza
Violence
3. Violence is transmitted -
through exposure, modeling,
social learning, and norms.

9. Ruiz- Moreno, 2009
Cholera in Bangladesh, 1983-2003

10. Violence in Chicago, 2010
Adapted by Cure Violence from CPD, 2010

11. Source: Mullins et al. 2004; Devries et al. 2011
TRANSMISSION
OF VIOLENCE
Exposure to
Violence
Violence

12. Transmission
across syndromes
community
family
spousal
child
suicide

13. VIOLENCE
TRANSMISSION
Observing
Witnessing
Trauma
MEANS OF TRANSMISSION

16. WE KNOW
HOW TO
STOP
EPIDEMICS
1. Interrupting transmission
2. Preventing future spread
3. Changing group norms

17. STOP EPIDEMICS by:
1. Interrupting transmission

21. Identify and
interrupt conflict
DETECTION &
INTERRUPTION

22. Mapping High Risk Zones
22

23. Credible Messengers

24. Hospital-Focused Interrupters

25. STOP EPIDEMICS by:
1. Interrupting transmission
2. Preventing future
transmission

26. CHANGE BEHAVIOR
of highest risk Photograph by Ed Kashi

27. Photograph by Ed Kashi
CHANGE
BEHAVIOR

28. CHANGE BEHAVIOR

29. STOP EPIDEMICS by:
1. Interrupting transmission
2. Preventing future
transmission
3. Changing norms

30. Photograph by Ed Kashi
CHANGE
NORMS

31. CHANGE

32. CHANGE
NORMS

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34. Cure Violence: Documentary Trailer (short)

35. DETECT AND
INTERRUPT
POTENTIALLY
VIOLENT
CONFLICTS
TREAT THOSE
AT HIGHEST
RISK FOR
INVOLVEMENT
IN VIOLENCE
GROUP AND
COMMUNITY
NORM
CHANGE
DATA
AND
MONITORING
TRAINING AND
TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE
Core Components
Implementing Components
Implementation

36. The Right…
• Community
• Lead Agency & Implementing Organization(s)
• Partners
• Approach
 Workers with the Right skills & Right
credibility/suitability
 Data Analyses
 Participants
 Messages and Messengers
Critical Elements of the Model

37. The Right: Community

38. The Right: Lead Agency & Implementing
Organization(s)
Lead Agency
• Frequently Health Department
• Roles & Responsibilities
Implementing Organizations
• Mission consistent with the model
• Strong ties to the target community
• History of working with highest-risk individuals
• Supportive of a non-traditional approach to
violence reduction

39. The Right: Partners
• Law Enforcement
• Hospitals
• Faith Community
• Service Providers
 Education
 Job Readiness
 Employment
 Substance Abuse
 Mental Health
 Housing

40. The Right Staff with the Right Skills
MUST BE:
• Able to relate to
highest risk
• Credible
• Suitable
• Connected to target
community
• Street-smart
• Professional
The Right: Approach

41. The Right: Approach
• Continuous Data Analyses
o Hot Spots
o Hours (incidents vs. operation)
o Groups
o Incident Review
o Mapping
• Working with the Right Participants
o Highest Risk
• Right Messages & Messengers

42. INDEPENDENT
EVALUATIONS

43. arrows
41% - 73%
Chicago
Shootings
and
Killings
-56%
Baltimore
Killings
-20%
New York
City
Shootings

44. “Cure Violence….the approach
that will come to prominence.”
- The Economist

45. Thank you!
Cure Violence
@CureViolence
fperez@uic.edu
For More Information Visit:
www.cureviolence.org