1. Plants 2:
Plant Parts
PPt. by, Robin D. Seamon

2. SEEDS:
PPt. by, Robin D. Seamon

4. SEEDS:
Activities
•Seed tasting LAB: mango, pomegranite,
coconut, avocado, kiwi
•Seed Hunt LAB:
•Seed Dissection LAB:
•Seed Planting:
•Seed Experiments:

5. •Seeds: seeds are made by the plant so that
the plant can reproduce itself (make more.)
•Have lots of stored energy in them for the
young plant to start life. That’s why animals
eat them.
•Germination: the process of a seed
sprouting into a young plant.
•To germinate, some need digestion, some
need cold, some need warmth, some need
fire, all need water.

6. •Roots grow down geotropism (following gravity)
•Stem grows up phototropism (following light)
•They travel by wind, sticking to animal fur, in
water, and by being eaten by animals/people
•We eat some seeds
•There are two types of angiosperm seeds:
Monocots, Dicots
VIDEO: HSW seed dispersal

7. COTYLEDONS:
1.Monocots have one cotyledon, (corn, rice, wheat,
grasses)
2.Dicots have 2 cotyledons (bean plant, roses, cacti)

8. Seed Parts
1.Seed coat
2.Cotyledons (food)
3.Small plant embryo

9. Label the type of seed & its 3 parts.
1.Seed coat
2.Cotyledons (food)
3.Small plant embryo
•Gymnosperm seed
•Dicot seed
•Monocot seed

10. SEED GERMINATION STEPS:
1.Water soaks into the seed coat
2.Seed coat splits
3.Root grows down
4.Small embryo grows up, taking
cotyledons with them
5.Cotyledons turn GREEN with sunlight
(photosynthesis)
VIDEO: Germination of a Seed
1.5 min

12. Germination of a Seed

13. Plant
Reproduction
PPT. by, Robin D. Seamon

14. How does a plant reproduce itself?
1.Asexual Reproduction: (produces exact copies
of itself, off of itself)
2.Sexual Reproduction: (sperm & egg combine)
• Flower makes a seed that germinates
SporesCuttings
GraftingBulbs/ Tubers

15. FLOWERS

16. FLOWER:
Activity
•Flower dissection
•Petal Dying
•Flower Hunt

17. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower

18. •Flowers make the seed for the plant
•The bright color & good smell attract insects
•Insects drink the sweet nectar for food
•While doing so, they rub the pollen &
unknowingly take it to another flower! (pollination)
•After pollination, the plant loses its flower & starts
working on the seed
•Angiosperms create a tasty fruit to surround the
seed to trick an animal into eating it. The animal
will pass the seed later with a little fertilizer…
ADVANCE

19. BACK
http://onenezz.blogspot.com/2011/12/capti
on-mothballing.html
http://gardeningsoul.blogspot.c
om/2011/09/accidental-
pollinators.html

20. BACK

21. http://www.flickr.com/photos/22887580@N06/2513212265/

22. Pollination:
process by which an insect carries pollen from
the male part of the flower to the female part
of the flower.
This allows the flower to make a seed.
WATCH ANIMATION LINK
HSW: Video honeybees 4 min

23. Flower Parts
•Petals: brightly colored to attract insects
•Pistil: female part;
•Stigma: sticky top part of the pistil
•Ovary: inside the pistil; it has the egg (female
part of the flower)
•Stamen: filament & anther
•Anther: top of the stamen; has the pollen
grains (male part of the flower)
•Sepal: green covering of the bud
DIAGRAM LINK

24. • Pollen from the anther
(male part) is taken to the
stigma of the pistil (female
part.)
• Pollen creates a pollen tube
down the style into the
ovary of the pistil where the
eggs are located.
• When pollen meets the
egg, fertilization has
happened and seeds begin
to form.
• In angiosperms, the ovaries
swell, creating a juicy fruit
on the outside of seeds.

25. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower

26. PARTS
OF A
F
L
O
W
E
R
BACK

27. POLLINATION
Play Activity 2
Play Activity 1

28. Flower
fertilization:
http://stockimages1.co.uk/customer-life-cycles-
and-how-to-extend-them-using-three-simple-
steps

29. Dissection
Dissect your flower and label the following parts.
Male parts BLUE
Stamen
Anther
pollen
Female parts RED
Pistil
Stigma
Ovary: Egg
OTHER:
Sepals Petals

30. Venus Fly Trap
HSW video (2.5 min)

31. ROOTS:
PPt. by, Robin D. Seamon

32. ROOTS:
Activity
•Root Hunt Lab
•Grow a potato
•Grow seeds in a bag
•Carrot Top growing
•Root a cutting in water

34. ROOTS:
•hold the plant in the ground (anchor)
•Stop erosion
•Take in water & minerals for the plant
•Parts of a root:
Root cap: thin covering, protects root tip
Root hairs: threadlike parts of cells on surface of root
Phloem: path that food from leaves take down the
plant to roots
Xylem: path that water & minerals take up the plant
Cortex: stores food in roots & stems

35. Taproot
Grows straight down
with a few side
branches
Fibrous Root
Grows more shallow,
‘hairy’; many fine-
branching roots
foxtail
dandelion

36. Tuber: modified plant structure enlarged
to hold nutrients
•stem tuber, (onion)
•root tuber, (sweet potato)
•potato tuber (potato)

37. •Bulbs: underground shoot
that stores food; roots grow
underneath (stem tuber)
Buttress Roots
grow from the
trunk for added
support
Epiphyte: strangler
Fig
•Special kinds of ‘roots’: Link

38. Mangrove roots grow
negative geotropism
(up!) and then back
down.
Prop Roots
(adventitious roots)
help hold the plant
up in wet soils

40. See LINK

41. In the Garden:
(Special roots &
stems)

42. Carrots and Beetroot
Carrots and beetroot are thickened tap
roots which have very few lateral roots.
Both are biennials i.e. they only grow for two
years. In the first year they store food
manufactured by their leaves in their tap
root, and in the second year they use the
stored food to produce flowers (called
bolting). We harvest the carrots or
beetroots before they bolt.

43. Ginger
Ginger is a rhizome - a type of stem which
grows horizontally just under the surface of
the ground. Leaves grow from buds at the
nodes on the stem. The stem is thick and
fleshy and stores reserve food for the
plant.

44. Potatoes
This is likely to trick many people. Potatoes
are not roots but underground storage
stems which are formed when the growth
point of an underground stem, a rhizome,
almost stops lengthening and increases
greatly in thickness. This forms an
underground storage organ which stores
large quantities of starch.

45. Sweet Potatoes
Sweet potatoes are the greatly
thickened roots of the fibrous root
system of the sweet potato plant
which contain reserves of starch.

46. Onions and Garlic
Onions and garlic are bulbs. A bulb
is an underground storage organ
which consists of a very short stem
on which fleshy bases of the leaves
store food for the plant.

47. STEM:
PPt. by, Robin D. Seamon

48. STEM:
Activity
•Stem Hunt Lab
•Stem Rubbing
•Flower Chains
•Celery Dying
•Tropism experiments

49. •Woody stems & soft stems
•Carry water & minerals up and food down
•Hold the plant up (leaves & flowers)
•A tree’s stem is called a trunk
•Some grow underground (potato)

50. TROPISMS:
movement of a plant
Positive tropism (moving toward the stimulus)
Negative tropism (moving away from the
stimulus)
•Geotropism: all above ground plant parts grow
away from gravity (up) roots go down
•Phototropism- all stems bend towards the sunlight-
•thigmotropism: response to physical contact-
Vines: special kind of ‘climbing’ stem
•Some grow along the ground (runners) like
strawberries ADVANCE
HSW Video: creeper plants/vines (1 ½ min)

51. BACK
http://cccmkc.edu.hk/~sbj-biology/AL%20BIO/Continuity%20of%20life%20growth
%20and%20development/Tropism%20%28phototropism%29%20experiment.htm
Phototropism

52. BACK
http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/102421/enlarge
geotropism

53. http://marksteinmetz.photoshelter.com/image/I0000kfPWbfKSAFE
Thigmotropism
BACK

54. •Vine:
A special
kind of stem
that grows up
and
sideways; it
climbs
BACK

55. Runner
A runner produces an
identical plant to the
mother
BACK

58. •Xylem: path that water & minerals
take up the plant
•Ploem: path that water & minerals
take down the plant.
•Cortex: stores food in roots & stems

59. LEAVES:
PPt. by, Robin D. Seamon

60. LEAVES:
Activity
•Leaf Hunt Lab
•Leaf rubbings
•Leaf pressing
•Leaf pounding

61. PARTS OF A LEAF
•Veins carry water & minerals to the leaf; carry
the food the leaf makes away from the leaf
•Blade the main part of the leaf
•Petiole connects the leaf to the branch

62. Vein
Vein

63. KINDS OF LEAVES:
•Simple leaves: one leaf blade
•Compound leaves: several symmetrical leaves
•Turn colors in the Fall & fall off-
•deciduous tree leaves will freeze in the winter, so
as a precaution, trees take in all of the chlorophyl
to store in the trunk & roots until spring
•Leaves without green = color!
•Needles: special kinds of leaves to conserve water
•Make food for the plant
ADVANCE

64. Simple Leaves
BACK

65. BACK
http://stavaressbi3u1.edublogs.org/2010/05/2
3/leaves/

66. •Transpiration-
process by which
plants lose water
through the
leaves
99% water taken
into roots are
transpired out the
leaves
2. Water through
cortex of root to
xylem & up stem
1. Water from soil
into root hairs
3. Transpiration in
leaves helps draw
water up stem
4. Water
moves up stem
to veins to cells
Transpiration
film LINK

70. •Respiration- process by which plants lose air
(oxygen) & gain air (CO2) through the leaves
•Guard cells close & open the stomata as needed

71. •Photosynthesis-
process by which
plants turn sunlight
into energy (food)
http://www.grow-a-head.com/index/index.php?
option=com_content&task=view&id=24&Itemid
=62
HSW: video
Autotrophs vs.
Heterotrophs (1 min)
HSW:
Photosynthesis
Video 2.5 min

72. 80
Hg
200.59
Mercury
Atomic number
(electron/proton pairs)
Atomic weight
symbol
Element name
Electron (-)
nucleus
Proton (+)
Neutron

73. 1. Chlorophyll absorbs light
from the sun
2. Sun’s energy splits water
molecule into hydrogen &
oxygen
3. Hydrogen joins
carbon dioxide to
make food
(sugar/glucose)
4. Sugar carried through the
plant; oxygen is released into
the air
6 6 6
H2O O2CO2 =+ + C6 H12 O6
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
MOVE

74. O
OO
C C
C C
C C
O
OO
C C
C C
C C

75. O O O O O
O O O O O
O O O O O
H HH H H H
H HH H H H

76. PLANT LABS:
1. Leaves: Identify & graph your collection into journal; view & draw fern spores;
Answer questions in Plant Journal.
2. Flowers: identify & draw 5 local spring flowers on white paper. Glue into journal.
Roots: identify fibrous & taproots; draw 7 label root parts in journal; Answer
questions in Plant Journal.
3. Seeds: seed dissection: label 3 parts of the seed into journal; observe pine nuts
in pinecones-- sketch into journal; Answer questions in Plant Journal.
4. Stems: Compare three different types of bark. Notice the color & texture. How
do the grains run? Is there a pattern? Create a bark rubbing with a dark crayon
(rubbed sideways). Sketch the three specimens.
Header:

77. LAB: LEAVES
RULES: BE GENTLE WITH THE LEAVES. They are fragile!
• What kinds of leaves are in your envelope? ___________, ______________,
_______________, _______________, ______________
• Write how many of each kind of leaves on the lines above.
• Sketch one of the leaves, labeling the blade, veins, midriff,
& petiole
• What are the three processes performed by the leaves for
the plant. _______________, ______________, _______________
• What is the difference between a simple leaf and a compound leaf?
_____________________________________________________________
Header:
Leaf Bank: oak, maple, dogwood, elm, beech, redbud,
sweetgum

78. GRAPHING:
Create a graph showing the numbers of each type of leaf in your packet. Label
the x and y axis. Create a key for the leaf types.
TITLE: _______________
Y axis
X axis
()
( )
KEY:

79. Vein
Vein
LABELING
DIRECTIONS: Use your notes and the definitions below to label the following parts of a leaf.
Vein: ribs that form the vessel system for carrying water and nutrients through the plant
Midrib: the center or principle vein of a leaf
Blade: broad, flat part of the leaf
Petiole: the small leaf stem that attaches the leaf to the branches
Stipules: leaf-like outgrowth at the base of a leaf
Leaflet: the smaller parts of a whole compound leaf
Alternate arrangement: arrangement of leaves where the leaves take turns on either side of the branch
Opposite arrangement: arrangement of leaves where the leaves are directly opposite each other on the
branch
LEAF
ARRANGEMENT
LEAF PARTS
Compound
Leaf
Simple
Leaf

80. LAB: SEEDS
RULES: BE CAREFUL DISSECTING THE SEEDS.
• What is the purpose of a seed? ______________________________________
• What is the process of a seed sprouting into a young plant? ________________
• How do seeds travel? _____________________________________________
• What is the difference between a monocot & a dicot? _____________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
• Sketch the following parts of your dissected lima bean
seeds: (seed coat, cotyledon, small embryo)
• Name 5 seeds that we eat. __________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
Header:

81. LAB: ROOTS
RULES: BE GENTLE WITH THE ROOTS. They are wilting!
• What is the purpose of a root for a plant? ____________________,
__________________________________
• What part of the root carries water up the plant? _____________
• What part of the root carries water & nutrients down the plant? _____________
• Sketch & label the roots from your station into your journal.
(root hairs, rootcap, fibrous root, taproot)
• What is the difference between a fibrous root and
a taproot? ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
• Name some roots that we eat. ________________________
_________________________________________________
Header:

82. LABELING
DIRECTIONS: Use your notes and the definitions below to label the
following parts of a root.
Lateral root: root coming
off the main root
Primary root: main
taproot

83. LAB: STEM
RULES: BE GENTLE WITH THE BARK SPECIMENS.
• What is the purpose of a stem for a plant? ______________________________
• Compare three different types of bark. Notice the color & texture. How do the
grains run? Is there a pattern? Sketch the three specimens.
• What is a vine?___________________________________
• What is a runner? __________________________________
Header:

84. LABELING
DIRECTIONS: Use your notes and the definitions below to label the following parts of a stem .
Auxillary bud: a bud coming from the side of a stem
Terminal bud: a bud coming from the end of the stem
Terminal bud scar: the ringed scar on the stem where last years terminal bud was
Node: point on the stem where a leaf is or was attached
Internode: space on the stem between nodes
Petiole: the leaf stem that connects to the plant’s stem
Blade: flat part of a leaf

85. LAB: FLOWERS
RULES: BE CAREFUL DISSECTING THE SEEDS.
• What type of plants are classified as having flowers? __________________
• What is the purpose of a flower for a plant? ______________________________
• What type of reproduction uses a seed? (Circle one.)
Asexual reproduction OR Sexual reproduction
• Describe the process of fertilization in flowers. Write each step specifically.
• Flower dissection:
Header:

86. Dissect your flower, sketch and label the following parts.
Male parts BLUE
Stamen
Anther
Pollen
Female parts RED
Pistil
Stigma
Ovary: Egg
OTHER:
Sepals Petals
FLOWER Dissection

87. Use the following words to label the parts of the flower:
Sepals petals stigma anther stamen pistil
Pollen grains
Eggs (inside the ovary)

88. Label the type of seed & its 3 parts.
1. Seed coat
2. Cotyledons (food)
3. Small plant embryo
•Gymnosperm seed
•Dicot seed
•Monocot seed

89. Sepal
Pistil