The document discusses the history and evolution of cloud computing. It explains that cloud computing emerged from advancements in communication technologies, the commoditization of computing through affordable personal computers, and the development of architectures, software, online payments, and a recognition of the business value of information technology. The document then outlines where cloud computing is currently, with widespread adoption of utility computing models and services. It concludes by describing some newer cloud services including Amazon's Relational Database Service, Elastic Beanstalk application hosting, and CloudFormation for managing cloud resources.

1. Cloud Computing
How We Got Here, Where We Are, and
Where we Are Heading
Jeff Barr, Senior Evangelist
Amazon Web Services

2. The Cloud is Suddenly
Everywhere

3. How Did This Happen?
 What is it?
 Where did it come from?
 Where are we now?
 Where are we going?

4. What is it?

5. What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Computing is a utility service - giving you access to
technology resources managed by experts and available
on-demand.
You simply access these services
over the internet, with no up-front costs
and you pay only for the resources you
use.
Just like your electric utility….

6. Technology Resources in the Cloud
 Web and compute servers
 Storage
 Content Distribution
 Networking
 Databases
 Messaging
 Security
6

7. Where did it come from?

8. Where Did The Cloud Come From?
1960!
IBM 1401

9. Communication
 1960’s:
 RS-232
 Modem
 1970’s:
 Internet
 TCP/IP
 ISDN
 1980’s:
 DNS
 DSL
 Ethernet

10. Commodity Computing
 1960 - IBM 1401
 1977 - TRS-80
 1977 - Apple ][
 1982 - IBM PC
 1985 – Rack mounted PC

11. Or, Put Another Way
 Communications
 Commodity Computing
 Architecture
 Software
 Online Payments
 Business Value

12. Architecture
 Separation of design and implementation
 Formal approach to design
 Modularity

13. Software
 Cooperative development
 IBM Share
 DECtape sharing
 BSD
 Open source
 High-level languages
 Portable code
 Easy Sharing
 Virtualization
 IBM VM/360
 Xen

14. Business Focus
 Value of IT recognized
 IT becomes a crucial success factor
 Emergence of the CIO

15. Where are we now?

16. Where We Are
 Cloud adoption is now at early majority point

17. New Economic Model
" No capital expenditure
" Cost-effective and economical
" Pay as you go and pay only for what you use
" True elastic capacity; Scale up and down
" Improved time to market

18. Why Are People So Excited?

19. Elastic and Pay-Per-Use Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Cost $
Unable to
Large serve
Capital customers
Expenditure
Predicted
Demand
Traditional
Hardware
Opportunity
Cost Actual
Demand
Automated
Virtualization
time

20. Common Cloud Use Cases
• Web site / application / SaaS hosting
• Content delivery and media distribution
• High performance computing, batch data
processing, and large scale analytics
• Storage, backup, and disaster recovery
• Development and test environments
• Internal IT application hosting

21. Example: Wall Street Application
3000 - 3000 CPU’s for one firm’s risk management processes
Number of EC2 Instances
300 CPU’s on
weekends
300 -
Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday
4/22/2009 4/23/2009 4/24/2009 4/25/2009 4/26/2009 4/27/2009 4/28/2009

22. Example: Video Application
Scaled to peak of
Number of EC2 Instances
5,000 instances in 3 days
Launch of
Facebook
modification
4/12/2008 4/13/2008 4/14/2008 4/15/2008 4/16/2008 4/17/2008 4/18/2008 4/19/2008 4/20/2008

23. Example: 30,000 Core Cluster in Minutes
 Cycle Computing’s “Nekomata”
 Top 5 Pharma – Molecular Dynamics
 95,078 compute hours (10.9 years)
 $1279 / hour for cloud resources
 (estimated $17M for equivalent hardware)

24. 24

25. What is Amazon Web Services?
Amazon Web Services is a cloud computing platform that provides
flexible, scalable, and cost-effective technology infrastructure for businesses of all
sizes around the world…
…utilizing the knowledge, expertise, and tools used
to run Amazon.com’s global web properties since
1995.

26. AWS Regions
6 AWS Regions
US East (Northern Virginia)
US West (Northern California)
GovCloud (US) (West Coast)
Europe (Dublin)
Asia Pacific (Singapore)
Asia Pacific (Tokyo)
19 AWS CloudFront Locations
Ashburn, VA / Dallas, TX / Jacksonville, FL / Los Angeles, CA / Miami,
FL / Newark, NJ / New York, NY / Palo Alto, CA / Seattle, WA / St. Louis,
MO / Amsterdam / Dublin / Frankfurt / London / Hong Kong / Paris /
Stockholm / Tokyo / Singapore

27. Amazon Web Services
Cloud-Powered Applications
Tools Network
Management AWS Toolkits for Eclipse Virtual Private Cloud
Monitoring AWS Management Console Java, PHP, Ruby, Route 53
Amazon CloudWatch
AWS Elastic Beanstalk Python, .Net Developer AWS Direct Connect
Centers Elastic Load Balancing
Parallel Content Messaging
Caching
Processing Delivery Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)
Amazon
Amazon Elastic Amazon Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)
ElastiCache
MapReduce CloudFront Amazon Simple Email Service (SES)
Compute Storage Database
Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) Amazon RDS
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
Elastic Block Storage Amazon SimpleDB
Auto Scaling
AWS Import/Export Third-Party Offerings
Identity and Access Management
Metering and Billing
Regions and Availability Zones

28. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
 Amazon EC2: on-demand compute power
 Obtain and boot new server instances in minutes
 Quickly scale capacity up or down
 Eleven instance types
 Hourly billing
 Key features:
 Support for Windows, Linux, and FreeBSD
 Supports all major web and application platforms
 Deploy across Availability Zones for reliability

29. AWS Management Console
h"ps://aws.amazon.com/console

30. Where are we going?

31. Where Are We Going (Our Newest Services)
 Relational Database Service
 Provision a relational database in seconds
 Elastic Beanstalk
 Simplified application hosting
 AWS CloudFormation
 Higher-level application (stack) management

32. Amazon Relational Database
Service
 Provision a new relational database in seconds
 MySQL (5.1 and 5.5)
 Oracle (11G)
 Offload common administrative tasks to AWS
 OS upgrades
 DB upgrades and patches
 Scaling CPU and storage
 Backups & Restores
 Use your existing code and tools
 Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments

33. RDS in Action

34. RDS in Action

35. AWS CloudFormation Stack Creation
Define a JSON Use CLI, API, or
template of AWS Management Console
Resources to provision to register and create
(EC2 instances, AZ an AWS stack
lists, AMIs, EIP, RDS,
etc) Service automatically
determines
AWS resources get created
Parameterization interdependencies across tiers and AZs forming a
supported CloudFormation Stack
AMAZON
CONFIDENTIAL

36. AWS Elastic Beanstalk
 Simple way to deploy and manage an application
 Fault tolerance
 Scale
 Administration
 First Container Type: Java / Tomcat
 Other platforms and languages to follow
 Upload applications to AWS in minutes
 Retain control and ability to open the hood

39. For More Information
 AWS Web Site: http://aws.amazon.com
 AWS Blog: http://aws.typepad.com
 Email: jbarr@amazon.com
 Twitter: @jeffbarr

40. Thank YOU!

41. Slide Credits
 Crystal Ball: http://amzn.to/g06rZ8
 RS-232 Cable: http://amzn.to/gxGpnJ
 IBM 1401: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IBM_1401_Control_Panel.jpg
 IBM Flowcharting Template: http://www.retroist.com/2009/01/11/ibm-flowcharting-template/
 COBOL for Dummies: http://amzn.to/g3OjEb
 Internet in a Box: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_a_Box
 TRS-80: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRS-80
 Ethernet Connector: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet
 9-Track Tape: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_track_tape
 DECtape: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DECtape
 C Programming Language: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kr_c_prog_lang.jpg
 Innovation curve: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DiffusionOfInnovation.png