Theodore Roosevelt Progressive Era

1. Quiz Ch 17 S1
1. Journalists who expose corruption M
2. Allows voters to remove elected official R
3. Added to the Constitution that gave women the right to
vote
4. Settlement house H H
5. Allows citizens to vote on an existing laws R
6. Term for right to vote S
7. Banning of sale and make of alcohol P
8. Allows citizens to propose new laws I
9. Added to the Constitution that gave voters power to
elect senators
10. Helped legislative prohibit child labor F K

3. Chapter 17 S 1

4. Progressivism-
to correct injustices in
American life
• three areas of
reform:
– Protecting
social welfare
– Promote moral
improvement
– Create
economic
reform

5. Hull House – a settlement house set up by Jane
Addams (community center in slum neighborhoods,
provides assistance, especially immigrants)

6. YMCA
• Young Men's Christian
Association
• To help young adult use time wisely
• Offered libraries, classes, sports

7. Ida Tarbell
• Exposed the
corrupt Standard
Oil Company and
its owner, John D.
Rockefeller
• Appealed to
middle class
scared by large
business power
Muckrakers
• Journalists exposes corruption

8. NAACP
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
• activists to fight for the rights of African Americans

9. Florence Kelley
• helped push legislature to prohibit child labor
and to limit women’s working hours.

10. Prohibition
• called for a ban on making, selling,
and distributing alcoholic beverages.

11. • Progressives wanted fairer elections and to make
politicians more accountable to voters.
– direct primary, an election in which voters
choose candidates to run in a general election

12. Initiative
allows citizens to propose new laws

13. Referendum
allows citizens to vote on a proposed
or existing law

14. Recall
allows voters to
remove an elected
official from office

15. Seventeenth Amendment
• Voters has the power to elect their U.S.
senators.

16. Susan B. Anthony
• Helped passed the 19th
amendment
– Gave women the right to vote
• Suffrage
– Right to vote

17. William McKinley
• 25th
President- 1900

18. • President William McKinley
was shot and killed in 1901,
• Roosevelt’s rise to governor of New
York upset the Republican political
machine.
• To get rid of the progressive
Roosevelt, party bosses got him
elected as vice president, a position
with little power at that time.

19. Theodore Roosevelt
• 26th
President
• At 42 years old he was
the youngest president
and an avid reformer.
• Roosevelt saw the presidency as a
bully pulpit, or a platform to
publicize important issues and seek
support for his policies on reform.

20. Roosevelt’s Upbringing
• Theodore Roosevelt was a sickly, shy youth whom doctors forbade to play
sports or do strenuous activities.
• In his teenage years, Roosevelt reinvented himself, taking up sports and
becoming vigorous, outgoing, and optimistic.
• Roosevelt came from a prominent New York family and attended Harvard
University, but he grew to love the outdoors.
• He spent time in northern Maine and in the rugged Badlands of North
Dakota, riding horses and hunting buffalo.
• In 1884, when Roosevelt was 26, both his mother and his young wife died
unexpectedly.
• Trying to forget his grief, he returned to his ranch in Dakota Territory, where
he lived and worked with cowboys.
• He returned to New York after two years and entered politics.

22. The Square Deal
(Election 1904)
• campaign slogan
and the
framework for his
entire
presidency.
• Fair bargain

23. The Coal Strike of 1902
• coal miners went on strike
for higher wages, shorter
hours
• cities depended coal for
heating.
• Roosevelt threatened to
take over the mines
• first time federal
government intervened to
protect interests of the
public.
• Owners give in.
• Roosevelt pronounced
the compromise a
“square deal.”

24. Regulating the Railroads
The Elkins Act
• Prohibited railroads
from accepting
rebates (discounts
for large shipping
rates)
The Hepburn Act
• set maximum railroad
rates
• ICC- regulate
railroads.

25. “Trust buster”
– Roosevelt used
Sherman Antitrust
Act- made monopoly
illegal
• Order companies to
be broken up
• “bust or break up
other trusts”
• Sued 44 companies,
including Standard
Oil
Trust- company
that has a
monopoly

26. Meat Inspection Act
• The novelist Upton Sinclair
exposed unsanitary
conditions at meatpacking
plants in his novel The
Jungle.
required federal government inspection of meat shipped across
state lines.

27. Food
• Food producers used clever tricks to
pass off tainted foods:
• Dairies churned fresh milk into
spoiled butter.
• Poultry sellers added
formaldehyde, which is used to
embalm dead bodies, to old
eggs to hide their smell.
Drugs
• Some sold medicines that didn’t
work.
• Some marketed nonprescription
medicines containing narcotics.
• Dr. James’ Soothing Syrup,
intended to soothe babies’
teething pain, contained
heroin.
• Gowan’s Pneumonia Cure
contained the addictive
painkiller morphine.
outlawed food and drugs containing harmful ingredients,
and required that containers carry ingredient labels.
Pure Food and Drug Act

28. Forest Homestead Act
• natural resources were limited and
that government should regulate
resources
• created irrigation projects to make dry
lands productive.
• Set aside 148 million
acres of forest reserves
• 1.5 million acres for
water power sites
• 80 million acres for
minerals and water
resources
• 50 wildlife sanctuaries
and national parks.
Conservation- wilderness
area to be preserve

30. The Main Idea
Progressive reforms continued during the Taft and Wilson presidencies,
focusing on business, banking, and women’s suffrage.
Reading Focus
• How did Taft’s approach to progressivism split the Republican Party?
• What was Wilson’s New Freedom reform plan?
• How did women gain the right to vote in national elections?
• How did progressivism affect African Americans?
Taft and Wilson

31. Quiz Ch 17 S3
1. Who was the 26th
president
2. Prohibit railroads from giving rebates E A
3. Policy pass to make companies properly label product
PFDA
4. journalist who exposed unsanitary condition on meat
companies U S
5. Policy that set aside national parks to conserve and
preserve F H A
6. 26th
president’s campaign of “fair bargain” S D
7. 25th
president
8. Set maximum railroad rate H A
9. Nickname of 26th
president for breaking companies
apart
10. policy to regulate railroads

32. Election 1908
• Theodore decided
not to run for the 3rd
time.

33. William Howard Taft
• 27th
President
Received little credit
for his
accomplishment
– Roosevelt busted
44 trust in 71/2 year
– Taft busted 90 in 4
years

34. Conservation Controversy
set aside more national park
than Roosevelt
– 1910 Sec of Interior-
Richard Ballinger
• Sold to businesses
millions of rich coal land
– to bankers including JP Morgan
(symbol of money)
– Gifford Pinchot- chief
of Forest Service
• Accused Ballinger trying to
enrich corporations
• Taft fired Pinchot for the
attack on his
administration

35. Election of 1912
Theodore Roosevelt
– Bull Moose Party
(Progressive)
– “New Nationalism”
• preserve competition
but regulate
monopolies
Taft -Republicans
(split)
Woodrow Wilson
(Dem)
– “New Freedom”
• stronger antitrust,
banking reform,

36. Candidates - 1912 Presidential Election
Theodore
Roosevelt
William
Howard Taft
Woodrow
Wilson
Progressive Party
(Bull Moose Party)
Republican Party Democratic Party
+ =

37. An Actual 1912 Ballot

38. * Woodrow Wilson won the election.

39. Woodrow Wilson
• 28th
President

40. Clayton Antitrust Act
• Corporation
could no longer
acquire stock of
another
corporation
• Recognize right
of workers to
strike and
picket

41. • Federal Trade
Commission
– Stopped
businesses from
using unfair
business
practices
– Investigate
corporations
– Promote consumer protection
– handed down 400 cease
and desist corporation

42. 16th
Amendment
• graduated income tax
• Larger income were
taxed higher than
smaller incomes

43. Federal
Reserve Act
• system that
control flow of
money
• Divide nation into
12 federal
districts (banks)
• Can transfer
funds to other
banks saving
them from
closing
• centralized
banking system

44. Civil Rights
• Oppose antilynching legislation
• Felt it should be under state jurisdiction
not federal
• Resume practice of segregation in the
white house
• Felt segregation is “just” (fair)