Renewable Energy PPT - Sethuraman Arvind Iyer

1. ELECTRIC
POWER

2. Major sources of Power generation

3. Renewable Energy

4. Major Renewable Energy Sources
Solar
Wind
Biomass
Waste to Geothermal
Energy

5. Solar Energy
That will be explained
in the succeeding slide

6. Technology
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Photovoltaic (PV)
It consists of – It consists of –
• Solar Collectors
• Turbine •Solar Arrays
• Generator & Transformer • Inverter
• Cooling Tower • Transformer

7. Future Technology – Solar-Hydrogen Revolution
Usable
Waste high-quality
Heat energy
Storage The
and environment
Solar light Transport Combustion
Decomposition of water H Water
Power 2H2 + O2 2H2O
2H2O 2H2 + O2
2 Vapor
Plant

8. Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages Disadvantages
Sun does not shine
All chemical and radioactive
polluting byproducts of the consistently.
thermonuclear reactions
remain behind on the sun, Solar energy is a diffuse
while only pure radiant energy source. To harness it, we
reaches the Earth. must concentrate it into
an amount and form that
we can use, such as heat
Energy reaching the earth is and electricity
incredible. By one
calculation, 30 days of Addressed by approaching
sunshine striking the Earth the problem through:
have the energy equivalent of 1) collection,
the total of all the planet’s 2) conversion,
fossil fuels, both used and 3) storage.
unused!

9. Global & India scenario
Global growth of Solar Power State-wise Power
Generation
1.2% 8%
1.5%
2.2%
MW
20.2%
66.9%
Installed Capacity (as of 2011) : 979.4 MW
Year

10. India’s Leading Players in Solar Technology
.
.
.
.
.

11. Other Applications
Architecture & Agriculture & Solar Vehicles Water
Urban Planning Horticulture Treatment
Solar Sewage Solar Water
Treatment Heating Solar Lighting Cooking

12. Biomass Energy
It is organic material made
from plants and animals
(microorganisms).
It contains stored energy
from the sun.
That will be explained in
the succeeding slide

13. Process
FOR COMBUSTION:
BIOMASS FUEL + OXYGEN  HEAT + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE

14. Technology Feed
Gas
Drying Zone
Distillation
The main products Zone
obtained from Biomass – Reduction
• Methane Gas Zone
• Ethanol Hearth Zone
• Biodiesel
Air
Ash Zone

15. Growth in Recent Times
Present Installed Capacity in India List of Commissioned Biomass
Projects (as of 31.03.11)
8.2%
8.75% 22.24%
MW
13.64%
18.33%
13.71%
15.13%
Year
India’s Potential (2012) :
25,000MW

16. Interesting Facts

17. Positives & Not-so Positives
Pros Cons

18. Leading Players of Biomass Energy in India

19. Geothermal Energy
That will be explained in
the succeeding slide

20. Technology
Average gradient:
– 2.5 - 3.0oC /
100m
Variation:
– 1.0 - 25oC /
100m
So if assuming average,
temps at depth will
be:
0m 15°C
2000 m 70°C
4000 m 120°C

21. Types of Geothermal Power Plants
Dry steam Flash steam Binary steam

22. Interesting Facts about Geothermal Energy
The Cerro Prieto Geothermal
Power Station is the largest
geothermal power station in
the world.
Geothermal production of
energy is 3rd highest
among renewable
energies!
In Iceland, Geothermal Energy provides
•86% of their space heating
•16% of their electricity generation
Produces 5% of California’s
electricity, heats thousands of
homes, greenhouses, office
buildings.

23. Positives and Not-so Positives
Pros Cons
Useful minerals, such as zinc and silica, can
be extracted from underground water. Brine can salinate soil
Geothermal plants do not require a Extracting large amounts of water can
lot of land, 400m2 can produce a cause land subsidence, and this can lead
gigawatt of energy over 30 years. to an increase in seismic activity
Geothermal electric plants production in Can release H2S, the “rotten eggs” gas.
13.380 g of Carbon dioxide per kWh
Geothermal plants can be online There is the fear of noise pollution
90%-100% of the time. during the drilling of wells

24. Direct Uses of Geothermal Energy
Space Heating
Melting Snow Drying
Aquaculture Hot water
Air Conditioning
Industrial Processes
Greenhouses
Resorts and Pools

25. India Scenario
Indian geothermal provinces have
the capacity to produce 10,600 MW
Exploration of Himalayan
provinces could yield enormous
geothermal energy
India's fist Geothermal power plant with an
initial capacity of 25 Megawatts will be
coming up in Andhra Pradesh's Khammam
district by 2012.

26. Major Players
Global Companies Indian Companies

27. Waste to Energy
That will be explained in the
succeeding slide

28. Technology
Different Processes
Most WtE processes produce
electricity directly through
combustion, or produce a
combustible fuel commodity, such
as methane, methanol, ethanol or
synthetic fuels

29. Future projects
East Delhi Municipal Corporation to build two
plants at Ghazipur of 16 MW and a capacity of
46 lakh metric tonnes
Solar Bio Energy System commissioned its first
Thermophillic Biomethanation plant in Solapur,
Maharashtra of 4 MW and a capacity of 80
tonnes organic compost
Tihar Jail ties up with BARC to produce
biogas and manure from
biodegradable kitchen waste

30. WtE in a nutshell
Advantages Interesting Facts Commercial Aspects
The majority of waste that Segregated municipal solid waste
On average, one ton of is generally not available at the
would normally go into waste produces 525 plant site
landfill sites can be re-used kilowatt-hours (kWh) of
The fuel is obtainable cheaply electricity Lack of financial resources with
Municipal Corporations/Urban
Reliable source of fuel Each year the average Local Bodies
family throws away 1.5 Lack of conducive policy guidelines
Disadvantages tons of rubbish from State Governments in respect
Thousands of ton of of allotment of land, supply of
WtE facilities are expensive Metal can be recovered garbage and power purchase /
from the ash by recycling evacuation facilities
The public at large is still
unconvinced that WtE is free The efficiency of a waste-to-energy
from harmful chemicals plant is 20 - 30 %.

31. Present Installed Capacity in India
Total Capacity (2011) : 1683 MW
62 MW 191MW
73 MW
78 MW 176 MW
112 MW
151 MW
123 MW
131 MW
148 MW
It’s a new concept in the
country
Commercial technologies
are required to be imported

32. Leading Companies in India

33. Wind Energy
That will be explained
in the succeeding
slide

34. Technology
Rotor Blade
Tower
Nacelle
Rotor Hub
Low-speed
shaft
Rotor Hub
Gearbox
High-speed
shaft
Transformer
Brake Brake Generator

35. Techno-Commercial
Aspects
Cost Positives
Types Energy Pay
per
Back Time!
MW -Clean
1. Wind farms- -Renewable
• Onshore
Very short
• Offshore 4.5- Not-so
time. Just
5.25 Cr. Positives
2. Blades – 3-8 months,
• HAWT According to - Always can’t
• VAWT American Wind run at 100 %
Energy - Can be Noisy
Association - Back up
power might
be required.

36. Wind Power growth in India
Andhra Pradesh
Wind Power Capacity (MW)
16,084 Rajasthan
Karnataka Tamil Nadu
6007 MW
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Year
# Figures as of 31 March, 2011
Estimated Potential (MNRE) : 50,000 MW for 2011
Courtesy : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_India

37. Leading Players in Wind Power Technology
12.7 %
21.2 %
9%
3.6 %
8.7 %
6.3 %
7.4 % 8%
7.6 % 7.8 %
7.7 %
SUZLON’s market share in India is approximately 50%

38. Government Policies
Courtesy : http://www.eai.in/ref/ae/win/policies.html

39. India's power sector
Problems Present Installed Capacity (as of Sept’12)
3% Total : 207850 MW
12 %
19 %
66 %
Some Important facts
Avg per Capita consumption (2009) : 288KWh
India needs to add about 135 GW before 2017, to satisfy
the projected demand
Courtesy : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_India#Demand

40. A Short Video on the future of
Renewable Energy
Future of Renewable Energy

41. THANK YOU
A Presentation by-
Alok Gupta
Gaurav Gautam
Himanshu Kashyap
Nimit Kaushik
Sethuraman Arvind Iyer