This document summarizes common oral manifestations of HIV infection and their importance in diagnosis and treatment. Key points include: - Oral cavities can reveal early signs of HIV infection through fungal, viral, bacterial, and neoplastic lesions. Common early signs are oral candidiasis and recurrent herpes. - Lesions may indicate falling CD4+ T cell counts and progression of HIV infection. Oral exams can help diagnose and stage HIV. - Treatment involves addressing underlying opportunistic infections aggressively to control symptoms and decrease patient suffering, while prevention emphasizes safe practices for dental surgeons due to risk of transmission.