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C.Riedinger
Overview of somatosensory receptors
                                                            Receptive
Name                            Type         Location                 Adaptation                              Task                                 Afferent fibres
                                                              field
                             specialised
                                            superficial
Meissner's corpuscle         mechanoR                         small       fast          fine localisation of rapidly changing stimuli                  A-beta
                                            (<keratin)
                               ending
                             specialised
                                           deep (in fatty                                     high frequency (300Hz) vibration
Pacinian corpuscle            mechanoR                        large       fast                                                                         A-beta
                                              layer)                                                 can't localise source
                                ending
                             specialised
                                            superficial                                             best at reading Braille
Merkel's disk                 mechanoR                        small      slow                                                                          A-beta
                                            (<keratin)                                             slowly moving stimulus
                                ending
                             specialised
                                           deep (in fatty
Ruffini ending                mechanoR                        large      slow                            deep pressure                                 A-beta
                                              layer)
                                ending
                              free nerve
                                                                                                     fires around 40*C
Hot temperature receptor    ending, TRP                                  slow                                                                           AC
                                                                                                responds to capsaicin (chilli)
                            ion channels
                              free nerve
Cold temperature                                                                                      fires around 20*C
                            ending, TRP                                  slow                                                                         A-delta
receptor                                                                                             responds to menthol
                            ion channels
                              free nerve
Very cold temperature                                                                                fires around 10*C
                            ending, TRP                                  slow                                                                         A-delta
receptor                                                                                      responds to isocyanates (wasabi)
                            ion channels
                                                                                                  not specific=MULTIMODAL
                                                                                       respond to a wide range of ihigh threshold noxious
                             free nerve
Nociceptor                                                             sensitise!!   (painful) stimuli, e.g. strong mechanical pressure, cold      A-delta and AC
                               ending                                                             <15*C, heat >43*C, chemicals
                                                                                                 sensitise to prolongued stimulus
                                           embedded in                                                                                            group I=A-alpha
Proprioceptors             muscle spindles
                                           muscle fibres        -         fast                   detect the length of muscle                       (slow and fast
(muscle length)              nuclear bag
                                             1/1000                                                                                                   adapting)
                                           embedded in
Proprioceptors             muscle spindles                                                                                                      group I and II=A-beta
                                           muscle fibres        -        slow                    detect the length of muscle
(muscle length)             nuclear chain                                                                                                               (slow)
                                             1/1000
Proprioceptors (stretch)                      tendons                                                                                           Ib (medium and fast)
                                              in joint
Proprioceptors (joint)      Ruffini type                                             signal joint angle in extreme angles, not mid-way
                                              capsule

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CRiedinger_somatosensory_receptors

  • 1. C.Riedinger Overview of somatosensory receptors Receptive Name Type Location Adaptation Task Afferent fibres field specialised superficial Meissner's corpuscle mechanoR small fast fine localisation of rapidly changing stimuli A-beta (<keratin) ending specialised deep (in fatty high frequency (300Hz) vibration Pacinian corpuscle mechanoR large fast A-beta layer) can't localise source ending specialised superficial best at reading Braille Merkel's disk mechanoR small slow A-beta (<keratin) slowly moving stimulus ending specialised deep (in fatty Ruffini ending mechanoR large slow deep pressure A-beta layer) ending free nerve fires around 40*C Hot temperature receptor ending, TRP slow AC responds to capsaicin (chilli) ion channels free nerve Cold temperature fires around 20*C ending, TRP slow A-delta receptor responds to menthol ion channels free nerve Very cold temperature fires around 10*C ending, TRP slow A-delta receptor responds to isocyanates (wasabi) ion channels not specific=MULTIMODAL respond to a wide range of ihigh threshold noxious free nerve Nociceptor sensitise!! (painful) stimuli, e.g. strong mechanical pressure, cold A-delta and AC ending <15*C, heat >43*C, chemicals sensitise to prolongued stimulus embedded in group I=A-alpha Proprioceptors muscle spindles muscle fibres - fast detect the length of muscle (slow and fast (muscle length) nuclear bag 1/1000 adapting) embedded in Proprioceptors muscle spindles group I and II=A-beta muscle fibres - slow detect the length of muscle (muscle length) nuclear chain (slow) 1/1000 Proprioceptors (stretch) tendons Ib (medium and fast) in joint Proprioceptors (joint) Ruffini type signal joint angle in extreme angles, not mid-way capsule