2. Introduction
Foundation is a part of structure which
interfaces the superstructure to the
adjacent zone of soil or rock below it.
The purpose of having a foundation is to
transfer the superstructure loads to the
underlying soil or rock without
overstressing the soil or rock.
3. Introduction
The three basic requirements of a
satisfactory foundation.
◦ The foundation must be properly located with
respect to any future influences which could
affect its performances.
◦ The foundation, including the soil below it,
must be stable and safe from failure.
◦ The foundation must not settle sufficiently to
damage the structure.
4. Types of Foundation
Shallow Foundation
◦ Shallow foundations are used to transmit the
loads of the superstructure to the adjacent
soil below it. The types of shallow foundation
available are pad foundation, strip foundation
and raft foundation.
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8. Deep Foundation
Deep foundations are used to transfer
the structural loads to a deeper soil strata
and when the soils are subjected to scour.
The different types of deep foundations
available are:
◦ piles,
◦ piers and
◦ caissons.
